天钩降压胶囊对家兔主动脉血管条收缩反应的影响

目的:观察天钩降压胶囊对家兔主动脉条收缩反应的影响,探讨其降压作用机制.方法:将家兔离体主动脉条置于灌流肌槽中,记录天钩降压胶囊提取物对去甲肾上腺素(NE)、氯化钾(KCl)、氯化钙(CaCl2)诱导的主动脉条收缩作用的影响,以及对NE诱导的主动脉条细胞内钙及细胞外钙依赖性收缩反应的影响.结果:天钩降压胶囊1,3,5g·L-1剂量组均能使NE,CaCl2引起的主动脉条最大收缩反应降低(P＜0.01);对NE诱发主动脉条细胞内钙及细胞外钙依赖性收缩均有明显抑制(P＜0.01),对细胞外钙依赖性收缩的抑制作用更显著;对KCl引起的动脉条收缩反应无明显影响.结论:天钩降压胶囊可通过影响细胞内钙离子浓度促进血管平滑肌舒张从而发挥降压作用.其机制可能主要通过影响受体操纵的Ca2+通道(ROC),对电压依赖性Ca2+通道(PDC)作用不显著.对NE诱发主动脉条细胞外钙依赖性收缩的抑制作用优于对细胞内钙依赖性收缩的作用.     

血管外膜细胞成分影响动脉粥样硬化发生发展研究概述

血管外膜在动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,As)发生发展中的作用不容忽视.血管外膜分布的成纤维细胞、肥大细胞、树突状细胞以及滋养血管、血管相关淋巴组织和血管周围神经等均可参与As发生发展进程.该文就近10年内,血管外膜组织细胞成分在As过程中的变化及对As发生发展的影响方面的研究状况和最新进展做一综述.     

参莲提取物对大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放活性物质的干预作用

目的:探讨参莲提取物对大鼠腹腔肥大细胞释放活性物质的干预作用。方法:提取原代大鼠腹腔肥大细胞,纯化后以5×106个/mL浓度接种于培养板中,加参莲提取物预处理2 h后,用C48/80刺激肥大细胞脱颗粒,ELISA法检测细胞上清液以及细胞裂解液中组胺(histamine),类胰蛋白酶(tryptase),以及5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)的含量,计算活性物质释放率。结果:模型组较对照组组胺释放率由32.36%升至61.71%(P<0.01),参莲提取物各剂量(100,50,25,12.5 mg.L-1)作用后,组胺释放率分别降至16.24%,26.25%,27.81%,31.50%(P<0.01);模型组较对照组类胰蛋白酶释放率由13.19%升至21.72%(P<0.01),参莲提取物各剂量(100,50,25,12.5 mg.L-1)作用后,类胰蛋白酶释放率分别降至8.60%,15.78%,8.80%,12.15%(100,25,12.5 mg.L-1组P<0.01,50 mg.L-1组P<0.05);模型组较对照组5-HT释放率没有明显变化,但参莲提取物100,50,25 mg.L-1组显著增加5-HT释放率(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:参莲提取物对大鼠腹腔肥大细胞有一定的稳定作用。     

参莲提取物对兔颈总动脉低剪应力模型血流及血管病理形态的影响

血流动力学的改变对脂质沉积和血管内皮的影响与动脉粥样硬化(artherosclerosis,As)的发生密切相关.本实验以颈总动脉套管和高脂饵食法建立家兔局部低剪切应力As模型,通过检测造模2 4,8周的血流量、切应力、血脂水平及血管病理形态,发现颈总动脉套管法在近心端可形成局部低剪应力;阿托伐他汀和参莲提取物呈时间依赖性和剂量依赖性地增加近心端血流量(P＜0.05),降低血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平(P＜0.05),减少As模型家兔近心端血管病变程度.本研究首次证实了参莲提取物(丹参和穿心莲组成)对As斑块形成的抑制作用与改善血流有关.     

血管内皮细胞-平滑肌细胞共培养体系研究进展

血管内皮细胞(endothelial cells,EC)和血管平滑肌细胞(smooth muscle cells,VSMC)的相互作用、相互影响维持血管生理功能和多种疾病的发生发展,EC-SMC联合培养模型是目前研究这2种细胞间相互影响的最佳方式。作者对现有的EC-SMC共培养模型及共培养对这2种细胞结构和功能的影响进行综述,为在微观上深入研究二者的相互关系提供依据,也为建立更接近机体生理/病理状态的EC-SMC体外共培养体系提供参考。     

Effects of Shenlian Extracts (参莲提取物) on Atherosclerosis by Inhibition of the Inflammatory Response

Objective: Inflammation plays a critical role in atherosclerosis, and this inflammatory reaction is being intensively studied. Shenlian Extracts (参莲提取物), an active ingredient of Chinese medicinal herbs, is believed to have multiple therapeutic and preventive effects against human vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. Our work investigated whether Shenlian Extracts serves as an anti-inflammatory agent during atherogenesis. Methods: We established a model of atherosclerosis in rabbits using balloon angioplasty and a high cholesterol diet. The effects of Shenlian Extracts on vessel structure and inflammation were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining of the femoral artery, measurement of inflammation-related factors in serum or vascular tissue, and radioimmunoassay. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), flow cytometry and western blots were also performed. Results: We show that oral pre-treatment with Shenlian Extracts suppressed the pathological changes associated with atherosclerosis and that graded doses of Shenlian Extracts reduced total serum levels of cholesterol (90, 180 and 360 mg/kg), triglyceride (180 and 360 mg/kg), and LDL-c (90, 180 mg/kg). Various doses of Shenlian Extracts reduced serum content of TNF-α (180 and 360 mg/kg), CRP (90, 180 and 360 mg/kg) and IL-8 (360 mg/kg) (P<0.05), but led to no significant changes in IL-1β levels. Treatment with Shenlian Extracts also significantly reduced VCAM-1 levels (90 and 360 mg/kg) and IGF-1 levels (90 and 180 mg/kg) in vascular tissue but had no significant effect on ICAM-1 and MCP-1 levels. Finally, Shenlian Extracts significantly reduced the abnormal expression of CD18 in monocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that Shenlian Extracts may play a direct role in preventing and treating atherogenesis by inhibiting the inflammatory reaction, providing insights into the possible mechanism underlying the anti-atherosclerotic actions of Shenlian Extracts.     

颈总动脉套管法与颈外动脉结扎法建立局部低切应力动脉粥样硬化兔模型的比较

目的:通过对比颈总动脉套管法与颈外动脉结扎法建立动脉粥样硬化兔模型的试验研究,比较2种方法在制模时间,模型稳定性方面的差异.方法:雄性新西兰兔30只,随机分成空白组(n=6);套管组(n=8);结扎组(n=8);高脂组(n=8).所有试验兔在高脂喂养前、后分别检测血脂水平,于第8周处死动物,取套管近心端与结扎近心端血管行病理学检查.结果:高脂组饲养8周形成明显的高脂血症;与高脂组相比,单纯套管法颈动脉内膜脂质沉积较轻,但内膜明显增厚,内膜、中膜、外膜均出现不同程度的坏死;结扎法病变比套管法轻,但仍严重于正常组.结论:与单纯高脂饲养法相比,单纯套管法试验兔8周也可形成明显的动脉粥样性血管病变,套管近心端可形成局部低切应力模型,模型稳定性好.