中高度复发风险胃肠间质瘤术后伊马替尼辅助治疗的疗效观察

目的 探讨伊马替尼（IM）对中高度复发风险胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）患者的术后辅助治疗疗效及其优化措施.方法 回顾性分析2004年1月至2012年9月间接受R0手术切除的连续225例中高危原发GIST患者（中危62例,高危163例）的临床及随访资料,比较接受IM辅助治疗及未接受IM辅助治疗两组患者的术后复发情况.结果 在中危GIST患者中,服药组与未服药组相比,5年无复发生存率（RFS）分别为83.3%和88.6%,两组生存曲线差异无统计学意义（P=0.647）;高危GIST患者中,服药组与未服药组术后1年的RFS分别为93.5%和81.2%,差异有统计学意义（P=0.037）,而术后5年RFS分别为56.1%和50.2%,两组生存曲线比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.112）;此外,在高危GIST患者中,核分裂象＞10/HPF或有局部浸润的服药组和未服药组患者比较,服药组术后1年的复发率均显著低于未服药组,P值分别为0.022和0.036,而核分裂相≤10/HPF且无局部浸润的服药和未服药组患者术后1年的复发率差异无统计学意义（P=0.789）.结论 GIST术后IM辅助治疗可有效延缓肿瘤复发,但不能预防IM停药后的肿瘤复发,对于核分裂象＞10/HPF或伴有局部浸润的高危GIST患者,应尽量延长术后IM的辅助治疗时间.     

长链非编码RNA及其与肿瘤相关研究进展

哺乳动物基因组中存在着大量非编码RNA是现代生物学研究的重大发现之一[1].应用基因芯片及全基因组和转录组测序技术研究证实编码蛋白质的RNA只占全部基因转录本的2％,剩余98％为非编码RNA[2]. 非编码RNA是指不编码蛋白质但在生物体生命活动中具有功能的RNA分子,按长度可将其分为短链非编码RNA和长链非编码RNA( long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)两大类.许多短链非编码RNA已被证实在肿瘤形成过程中发挥着重要作用[3],包括已被广泛研究并引起重视的microRNA和siRNA等.而后者指长度大于200个核苷酸的RNA,不参与或很少参与蛋白编码.目前研究已发现数十种lncRNA具有基因印记、计量补偿效应、RNA剪切等分子生物学作用,与肿瘤在内的多种疾病密切相关.本文将就lncRNA在肿瘤发生、发展中的作用做一综述.     

肝切除术前门静脉栓塞对围手术期影响的荟萃分析

目的：探讨肝切除术（有半肝、扩大半肝切除术）前应用门静脉栓塞（portal vein embolization,PVE）对病人围手术期的影响。方法：通过电子检索Pubmed、Medline数据库,对1986～2008年有关右半肝或扩大半肝切除术前行PVE病例的对照研究资料进行荟萃分析。结果：共纳入8篇文献．423例病人。荟萃分析结果显示．PVE手术组与单纯手术组比较,术前谷草转氨酶（AST）、总胆红素（TB）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、15min吲哚氰绿储留率（ICGR-15）及肿瘤最大直径两组间均无统计学差异（19〉0．05）;术中输血、肿瘤Rn切除及手术时间两组间均无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。PVE手术组术后感染的发生率显著降低（P=0．002）,但二者在术后出血、胆瘘、肾功能衰竭及术后住院时间的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：术前行PVE不能提高肝脏肿瘤的R0切除率,但能降低术后感染的发生率。     

名老中医左振素辨治银屑病关节炎经验

总结名老中医左振素辨治银屑病关节炎的经验.左振素认为银屑病关节炎多由机体血虚燥热,复感外邪,皮肤关节失气血之润所致.治疗强调活血化瘀法的运用,注重分期论治,临床辨证按血燥风热、湿热化毒、气滞血瘀、肝肾亏虚分型论治,疗效确切.     

应该重视特殊类型的胃肿瘤

在临床工作中,经常会遇到一些特殊类型的胃肿瘤,如胃肠间质瘤(GIST)、胃神经内分泌肿瘤(NETs)、原发性胃淋巴瘤(PGL)及特殊类型的胃癌.由于其所具有的特殊的发病机制、组织来源和病理类型,使得疾病本身可供选择的治疗手段相对较少,临床治疗效果有限;同时,其较低的发病率可能容易造成临床医师认识不足.本文通过对此类胃肿瘤进行阐述分析,以提高临床对该类疾病的认识和重视.     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

肝切除术前门静脉栓塞疗效的荟萃分析

目的 探讨肝切除术(右半肝、扩大半肝切除术)前应用门静脉栓塞(portal veinembolization,PVE)的临床价值.方法 通过电子检索Pubmed、Medline、Ovid数据库,对1986至2008年有关右半肝或扩大半肝切除术前行PVE的病例对照研究资料进行meta分析.结果 共纳入文献9篇,494例患者.荟萃分析结果 显示,PVE手术组较单纯手术组术后肝功能衰竭的发生率降低(P=0.02),但两者术后手术死亡的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);亚组分析肝细胞癌和结直肠癌肝转移PVE手术组较单纯手术组1、3、5年生存率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);1篇文献报道结肠癌肝转移发生率PVE手术组术后肝内复发转移发生较单纯手术组降低(P=0.001),而其他远处转移发生率相对增高(P=0.004).结论 术前行PVE能够有效降低术后肝功能衰竭的发生,但临床医师应当谨慎把握行术前PVE的指征.     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

CO2气腹环境对胃癌细胞黏附与侵袭转移的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expression of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cells MKN-45, SGC-7901 and MKN-28 were exposed to 3 different CO2 gradients: 9 mm Hg, 15 mm Hg and control group (0 mm Hg). The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, MMP-2 and VEGF-A were measured at 2 and 4 hours exposure by using RT-PCR, CytoMatrixTM kit and ECMatrixTM kit. The pretreated gastric cancer cells were injected into abdominal cavity of nude mice(2×106 cells per mouse). Five mice in each group were sacrificed 4 weeks later to record the number of tumor nodules in abdominal cavity. The remaining mice were kept for observation of survival time. Results The expression of E-cadherin (MKN-45: from 2.26 to 2.19, SGC-7901 :from 2.16 to 2.09、MKN-28 :from 2.06 to 1.99), ICAM-1 (MKN-45 : from 2.20 to 2.28、SGC-7901: from 2.10 to 2.18、MKN-28: from 2.00 to 2.08), MMP-2 (MKN-45:from 2.05 to 2.13、SGC-7901: from 1.95 to 2.03、MKN-28: from 1.85 to 1.93) and VEGF-A(MKN-45 : from 2.10 to 2.16、SGC-7901 :from 2.00 to 2.06、MKN-28: from 1.90 to 1.96) didn't change significantly with increasing pressure and time (P>0.05). The expression of adhesive and invasive molecules didn't change significantly between the experimental groups and the control group. There was no statistical significance of tumor metastasis in abdominal cavity of nude mice(MKN-45:from 22 to 23、SGC-7901 :from 20 to 22、MKN-28:from 21 to 22) and survival time(MKN-45 :from 23 to 21、SGC-7901 :from 22 to 21、MKN-28 :from 22 to 21) among all the groups. Conclusion Under low pressure and short time of CO2 exposure, the adhesive and invasive capacity of gastric cancer cells did not change significantly hence did not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.     

重视器官移植术后胃肠道肿瘤的发生与治疗

器官移植术作为治疗终末期脏器疾病及脏器功能衰竭的有效方法,已广泛应用于临床.至2006年,据不完全统计,我国开展的肾移植病例已超过60 000例,肝移植病例超过7 000例,同时大器官移植包括心脏、胰腺、小肠移植以及多脏器联合移植等也有了一定规模的开展.