肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

肾功能损伤分级系统在成人心脏术后的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate of adilty of two acute renal failure-specific scoring systenms (the classification by Bellome et al and the AKIN criteria) for predicting hospital mortality after cardiac surgery in adult patients. Methods Between October 1 st 2006 to Decemjber 31 st 2006, 509 adult patients who ungerwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and/ or valve operation were enrolled in this study. The medical data collection included gender, age, types of operation, perioperative he- modynamic parameters, urine output, biochemical parameters and outcome. Renal function was assessed daily according to the classi- ficatinn by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria, respectively. As references, Acure Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE) Ⅱ and Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score were also calculated. Resuits Three hundred and forty-one patients were male (67.0%), and 168 were female (33.0%), mean age was (56.2±12.0) years old. Tnree hundred and nine patieats un- derwent CABG, 182 underwent valve operation and 18 underwent CABG plus valve operation, Mean duration of ventilation support was (20.4±17.7) houra, and the ICU stay was (1.4±1.0) days. Postoperative hospital stay was (13.8±9.1) days. According to the classification by Bellomo., the highest in-hospital mortality was 52.9% in ARFS group. Mahiplicatinn of in-hospital morality rate was abserved (X2 for trend, P<0.01) in 0.4% (non-ARF), 1.2% (stage 1), 12.0% (stal～ 2) and 32.4% (stage 3) of pa- tients based on the AKIN criteria. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic ourve, the classification by Bellomo and the AKIN criteria had good discriminative power. Furthering, multivariate logistic regression analysis verified that the Odds Ratio of the AKIN criteria was 5.478 (P =0.028, 95% Confidence Interval 1.027- 24.856), after adjusting for gender and age. Con- clusion Analytical data confinned good discriminative power of both the AKIN criteria and the classification by Bellomo for predicting hospital mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF.     

肾功能分级在成人心脏术后肾功能衰竭的应用

Objective To evaluate the ability of the RIFLE classification to predict hospital mortality in adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Methods From October Ist 2006 to December 31st 2006, five hundred and nine adult patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and/or valve operation were enrolled in this study. Renal function was assessed daily according to the RIFLE classification, meanwhile, APACHE Ⅱ score and SOFA score were also evaluated, as well as the maximum scores were recorded. Results Mean duration of ventilation support was 18(14 - 19) hours, the time of ICU stay was 1.4 ± 1.0 days, and the time of postoperative hospital stay was 12. 0(10.0- 15.0) days. 167 patients (32. 8%) incurred postoperative ARF according to the RIFLE classification. The overall mortality was 4. 3% (22/502). A significant increase (P < 0. 01) was observed for mortality based on RIFLE classification. By applying the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, the RIFLE classification had more powerful discrimination power [0. 933, (95% CI 0. 872 -0. 995) ,P <0. 001]. Conclusions ARF is one of the major complications in postcardiotomy patients. Analytical data suggested the good discriminative power of the RIFLE classification for predicting inpatient mortality of adult postoperative patient with ARF, and the RIFLE classification is simple and practically performed. According to the RIFLE classification, patients with RIFLE class I or class F incur a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality compared with those who never develop ARF.     

白细胞和单核细胞计数与急性心肌梗死临床预后的关系

目的 :探讨急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者急性期白细胞计数与临床预后的关系。方法 :选择确诊为AMI的患者 16 2例 ,分别于入院即刻和发病后第 1、3、7d测定白细胞和单核细胞计数。于发病 2周行超声心动图检查 ,测量左室射血分数 (LVEF)并记录入院期间心脏事件情况。结果 :1.白细胞增高者LVEF明显低于白细胞正常者。 2 .单核细胞增高者CK、CK MB峰值、心律失常和心力衰竭发生率明显增高。结论 :白细胞和单核细胞计数均与临床预后有关 ,而单核细胞增高是判断AMI近期预后的更好指标     

心脏术后体外膜肺氧合支持患者下呼吸道感染分析

目的分析心脏手术后应用ECMO支持治疗患者的下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法收集、分析我院2006年1月至2010年10月应用ECMO辅助治疗患者的下呼吸道感染资料。结果共分离出阳性菌116株,其中革兰氏阴性菌占65.5%,以鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和阴沟肠杆菌居多,显示多药耐药。革兰氏阳性菌占22.4%,包括金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌等,对万古霉素较为敏感。真菌占12.1%,主要有白色假丝酵母菌和光滑球拟假丝酵母菌等,对氟康唑、5-氟胞嘧啶等敏感性较高。结论心脏手术后ECMO支持治疗的患者下呼吸道感染发病率高,应严格无菌操作,合理使用抗生素,以降低病死率。     

肺炎1号方的组方思路及理论创新

认为广东地区新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")是以热毒为基本属性的疫疠之气所致,从发病季节及病邪性质看,可归属于温邪为主的疫疠范畴,可称之为"风温""温热疫"。基于对广东地区新冠肺炎病因、病机的认识,分析肺炎1号方的组方思路与在清热解毒、透邪清宣及止咳化痰的同时使用益气养阴的理论创新点,为积极开展中医药救治新冠肺炎及其他新发突发呼吸道传染病提供借鉴。     

心脏外科监护病房革兰阴性杆菌感染监测

目的了解医院心脏外科重症监护病房（ICU）革兰阴性杆菌感染情况。方法回顾医院ICU2000年1月--2005年12月，感染患者各种标本分离到的革兰阴性杆菌的药敏结果。结果共分离出革兰阴性杆菌349株，大多数感染源于呼吸道（308株，88％），前4位革兰阴性致病菌为不动杆菌属、铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌，药敏结果显示碳青酶烯类抗菌药物、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、头孢吡肟保持较高抗菌活性。结论医院ICU革兰阴性致病菌呈现多重耐药，嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌以及ESBLs阳性的肺炎克雷伯菌感染不容忽视。     

机械循环辅助的相关并发症分析

目的 探讨左心辅助(left ventricuhr assist device,LVAD)、体外膜式氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation,ECMO)、主动脉内气囊反搏(intra-aortic balloon pump,IABP)等循环辅助装置应用过程中的相关并发症,为临床工作提供借鉴.方法 回顾2005年1月至2007年2月北京安贞医院心脏外科监护病房(ICU)收治的8306例心脏手术术后患者的临床资料,其中246例患者因急性心肺功能衰竭进行机械循环辅助,女性63例,男性183例,年龄(56.7±14.2)岁.LVAD辅助3例,均为左心房-升主动脉转流;ECMO辅助48例,2例为股静脉-股静脉转流,5例为股静脉-升主动脉转流,41例为股静脉-股动脉转流;IABP辅助195例,均经股动脉穿刺法置入(Seldinger法).对三种机械循环方式辅助期间相关并发症进行比较分析.结果 全组死亡78例,死亡率为31.7%;71例患者治疗过程中发生各种并发症,发生率为28.9%;主要相关并发症为感染27例、肾功能衰竭需要透析27例、出血24例、溶血6例、外周血管损伤15例、脑并发症6例,血浆渗漏及氧合器氧合能力下降中途更换7例.结论 减少并发症的发生对提高机械循环辅助患者抢救成功率至关重要.     

APACHEⅢ评分与老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的医院感染

目的分析冠状动脉移植术后主动脉内球囊反搏辅助的老年患者的医院感染情况与APACHEⅢ评分的相关性。方法回顾性收集、分析我院2006年4月至2009年2月冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的老年（≥65岁）患者的医院感染资料,并进行APACHEⅢ评分系统评估。结果 111例患者,年龄69.9±3.8岁,男77例,女34例。医院感染29例,感染率26.1%。患者平均APACHEⅢ评分为60.8±14.0,高分组患者的医院感染率和住院死亡率均高于低分组。结论医院感染是老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助患者的死亡危险因素之一,APACHEⅢ评分系统可作为预测医院感染发生的方法之一。     

体外膜肺氧合辅助后高胆红素血症的临床意义

目的 探讨体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)辅助病人高胆红素血症的发病率及其对住院死亡的影响.方法 收集2005年至2008年65例应用ECMO辅助的成年病人资料,记录血流动力学、血牛化指标等以及临床转归.结果 51例成功脱离ECMO,脱机率为78.5%,33例生存出院,总病死率49.2%.55.4%的ECMO辅助病人发生高胆红素血症,其病死率明显高于非高胆红素血症组(P<0.01).Logis-tic回归分析显示,高胆红素血症明显增加病人住院死亡风险(OR=3.895,P<0.01).结论 高胆红素血症在ECMO辅助病人中的发病率较高,是增加术后病死率的影响因素之一,应及时处理,以改善病人的临床转归.