高位肛瘘显微外科切除与挂线疗法的比较

目的:探索手术治疗高位复杂性肛瘘的新方法.方法:采用显微外科切除肛瘘30例(显微组),另30例采用高位肛瘘切开加挂线术(挂线组).结果:两组一次手术治愈率均为90%.术后愈合时间两组比较有非常显著差异(P<0.01)手术时间两组比较有显著差异(P<0.01).结论:应用显微外科技术切除高位肛瘘可使高位肛瘘的治愈时间大为缩短.     

腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除联合经肛内括约肌切除保肛治疗超低位直肠癌

目的 探讨腹腔镜全直肠系膜切除（TME）联合经肛内括约肌切除（ISR）保肛治疗超低位直肠癌的可行性.方法 对13例超低位直肠癌（肿瘤距肛缘2.0～5.0cm）患者采用腹腔镜TME联合经肛ISR治疗.结果 13例患者无中转开腹或改行腹腔镜Miles术,行部分ISR 7例,次全ISR 4例,完全ISR 2例.6例同时行回肠造口术,术后未发生吻合口瘘;7例未行回肠造口术,术后发生吻合口瘘2例,加行回肠造口术及充分引流后痊愈.全组无围手术期死亡,无腹腔出血等并发症,1例患者术后阴茎勃起硬度下降.术后平均随访16个月,无复发及转移.术后早期肛门经常粪污,每日排便3～10次.术后1年控便时间可达5min以上,排便次数减为每日1～4次.绝大多数患者能控便,但内括约肌全切除患者腹泻时仍有粪污.结论 选择合适的的超低位直肠癌,特别是没有侵犯外括约肌的早期患者,采用腹腔镜TME联合经肛ISR是可行的,能体现根治、保肛、微创和经济的优点.回肠造口术能有效预防吻合口瘘的发生.但如何理想地解决早期排便功能障碍仍需进一步研究;肿瘤的复发和转移问题仍需长期随访.     

横结肠造口术后并发造口旁疝一例

患者男,65岁.横结肠造口术后8年,伴造口及造口旁膨出6年且逐渐加重入院.患者8年前接受2次痔注射术后肛门狭窄并急性肠梗阻在外院急诊行横结肠双腔造口.肠造口后2年出现造口及造口旁膨出且逐渐加重,当地医院多次就诊肛门狭窄无法有效治疗造口不能还纳,因明显腹胀并严重影响生活到我科就诊.     

Altemeier手术在嵌顿性直肠脱垂急诊处理中的应用

目的 评价Altemeier手术在嵌顿性直肠脱垂急诊处理中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析经Altemeier手术急诊治疗的9例嵌顿性直肠脱垂患者的临床资料.结果本组9例患者均行经会阴直肠乙状结肠部分切除术,手术时间1.0～1.5（平均1.7）h,术中失血50～200（平均109）ml,术后首次排便时间1～6（平均2.8）d,总住院时间3～10（平均5.3）d.术后无吻合口瘘、腹腔感染、泌尿生殖功能障碍等并发症发生,1例患者术后直肠系膜血栓形成,1例患者出现肛门不适症状.术后经5个月至6.5年（平均3.5年）的随访,所有患者未出现再次脱垂.术后6个月肛门功能Kirwan Ⅰ级8例,Ⅱ级1例;所有患者均感到满意.结论 Altemeier手术治疗嵌顿性直肠脱垂术后肛门功能良好,可作为嵌顿性直肠脱垂急诊处理的首选术式之一.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

中西医结合治疗外伤性脾损伤62例报告

近年来,脾脏外科有了长足进展,随着人们对脾脏功能认识程度的不断加深,脾损伤后选择性的保脾疗法应运而生.我院1995-2002年采用保脾疗法治疗外伤性脾损伤62例,取得满意疗效,现报道如下.     

混合痔术后口服迈之灵对并发症和疗程影响的临床观察

目的:混合痔术后口服迈之灵对术后水肿、出血、疼痛以及疗程等情况的观察.方法:采用随机对照的方法,治疗组48例患者在术前术后常规治疗的基础上,自手术当天开始连服迈之灵300 mg,每天2次,共10 d.对照组50例患者给予术前术后常规的治疗.术后4 d观察两组患者肛门水肿、出血、疼痛的情况及疗程时间.结果:两组患者术后水肿、出血、疼痛比较,治疗组优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:混合痔术后口服迈之灵可有效缓解水肿、出血、疼痛等症状及缩短了疗程.     

经肛内括约肌切除术联合经腹全系膜切除术对超低位直肠肿瘤保肛的应用探讨

Objective To study the combination of trans-anal intersphincteric resection and trans- abdominal total mesorectal excision for anus-retained ultra-low rectal tumors. Methods Clinical data of 34 ultra-low rectal tumor patients without external anal sphincter involved, who underwent the combination surgery, were retrospectively analyzed Results The distance from the distal incisal margin of the rectum to the inferior margin of the tumor ranged from 1.8 cm to 3.0 cm on an average of 2. 1 cm. For pathological types, there were 23 cases of adenocarcinoma (9 well differentiated and 14 moderately differentiated), 1 papillary carcinoma, 2 rectal stromal tumor, 5 rectal villous adenoma with canceration and 3 giant villous adenoma. For pathological stages, there were 18 eases at stage pTNM Ⅰ , 5 at Ⅱ A, 1 at Ⅱ B, 4 at ⅢA, 1 at ⅢB and for T grading, there were 15 cases at stage T1, 5 at T2, 8 at T3, 1 at T4. In these 34 patients, there were 3 cases with postoperative anastomotic stenosis, 2 with postoperative anastomotic rupture, 2 with rectovaginal fistula and no operative death. Because of the dysfunction of bowel control, bowel frequency varied from 3 to 12 in the early stage after operation, but with the recovery of anus function, bowel frequency decreased and ranged form 1 to 5 times a day and the time of formed bowel control could be more than 5 min in 6-12 months after operation. However, patients underwent total resection of internal anal sphincter still suffered from incontinence of loose stool after 1 year. After operation, anastomotic recurrence was found in 1 case in 5 months, liver metastasis in 1 case in 10 months and 28 months respectively, cardiac sudden death in 1 case in 26 months. Conclusion The combination of trans-anal ISR and trans-abdominal TME for anus-retained ultra low rectal tumor is not only coincident with radical tumor principle but also retains the function of anus, on the premise of the strict indication.     

改良法诊断性腹腔灌洗在不典型腹膜炎诊断中的应用

我们应用改良法诊断性腹腔灌洗 (ＤｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃＰｅｒｉｔｏｎｅａｌＬａｖａｇｅ ,ＤＰＬ)对 14例不典型腹膜炎及时作出诊断 ,获得满意效果。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　 1989年 1月至 2 0 0 1年 1月 ,共遇 14例不典型腹膜炎病人 ,男 11例 ,女 3例年龄 10～ 77岁。全组病人腹膜刺激征缺如或不明显 ,腹穿均为阴性 ,9例做过腹部Ｂ超 ,其中 7例少量腹水 ,1例为肝内外胆管结石 ,3例做过腹部ＣＴ ,均未能明确诊断腹膜炎。行改良ＤＰＬ回收液中白细胞180 0～ 14 0 0 0 /ｍｍ3 ,后手术证实十二指扬穿孔 2例 ,回肠破裂2例 ,结肠破裂 1例 ,空…