表面肌电生物反馈疗法结合吞咽训练治疗脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的疗效

目的:观察表面肌电生物反馈治疗结合吞咽训练治疗脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的效果。方法:选择2018年2月至2019年12月在广州市第一人民医院康复医学科和神经科接受治疗的65例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者,根据患者意愿分为吞咽训练组33例和肌电生物反馈组32例。吞咽训练组采用吞咽训练,肌电生物反馈组在吞咽训练的基础上采用表面肌电生物反馈疗法。在患者接受治疗前后均采用标准吞咽功能评估法(SSA)及视频吞咽造影功能障碍量表(VDS)对患者的吞咽功能进行测定,并比较两组疗效。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗后两组SSA及VDS评分均降低(P<0.05),肌电生物反馈组降低更明显(P<0.05)。肌电生物反馈组有效率高于吞咽训练组(87.5%比60.6%,P<0.05)。结论:表面肌电生物反馈疗法结合吞咽训练能有效改善脑卒中患者吞咽障碍,且效果明显优于单纯吞咽训练。     

母婴专科护理门诊对妊娠期糖耐量异常孕妇的干预效果

目的：探讨母婴专科护理门诊对妊娠期糖耐量异常孕妇的血糖、体质量以及妊娠结局的干预效果。方法将2011年3月—2012年1月60例妊娠期糖耐量异常孕妇按照随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组孕妇给予常规的产前检查、孕期教育及孕期营养指导;观察组孕妇在此基础上接受母婴专科护理门诊指导,根据每位孕妇的年龄、体质量、孕周、血糖水平、胎儿宫内生长情况制定个性化的食谱、运动方案,进行一对一咨询和个性化指导。结果干预后,两组孕妇自我管理认知和行为相比,除了饮食控制知晓情况,坚持少食多餐、控制甜食,定时检测血糖这3项外,其他方面比较,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。干预后,干预组孕妇在孕32,36,40周和分娩当天餐后2 h血糖与体质量均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。干预后,对照组孕妇妊娠高血压疾病、早产与胎膜早破的发生率分别为13．33％,23．33％,30．00％,均高于观察组,差异有统计学意义（χ2值分别为4．2857,7．9245,5．4545;P＜0．05）。观察组新生儿出生时体质量为（3316．13±364．78）g,高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（t＝2．83,P＜0．01）。结论母婴专科护理门诊干预可有效提高妊娠期糖耐量异常孕妇的自我管理认知和行为,减少妊娠和围产儿并发症的发生。     

江苏省反应性献血者屏蔽、保留与归队情况分析

目的对江苏省反应性献血者屏蔽、保留与归队工作进行总结分析,观察保留与归队策略的可行性。方法 ELISA单试剂反应性/NAT(-)及ELISA(-)/NAT(+)的献血者标本,经确认为阴性者,血液淘汰,献血资格保留。屏蔽6个月以上的献血者可在省内任一家血站提出归队申请,经常规检测及江苏省血液中心复检合格后允许其归队。用χ2检验比较保留、归队后再献血的不合格率与普通献血者是否存在差异。结果 2014年10月至2016年6月,单ELISA试剂(+)/NAT(-)标本1 615例,经确认阳性67例,不确定42例,阴性1 506例;ELISA(-)/NAT(+)标本831份,经确认阳性809例,阴性22例。共1 528例确认为阴性,保留献血资格。经保留的献血者中,89例再次献血,79例血液检测合格,不合格率11.24%,与普通献血者不合格率(1.55%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。同期,全省共596例提出归队申请,218例被归队血站方淘汰,在余下的378份送检江苏省血液中心的标本中,有359份合格,符合归队条件。其中有332例在归队后献血,血液检测均合格。结论江苏省反应性献血者的归队策略合理可行,但献血者保留策略仍需进一步优化和完善。     

An adult case of systemic Epstein-Barr virus-positive T/natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with good outcome

Epstein-Barr virus-positive T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV+T/NK LPD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of disorders that have a common feature with excessive lymphoid proliferation of mainly T cells and/or NK cells. This disease is rare, predominantly affects children and young adults, and associated with high mortality. Herein, we report a case of EBV+T/NK LPD that occurred in an old woman with good outcome. The patient presented with fever, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed splenomegaly. The clinical impression was a malignant tumor of spleen, so splenectomy was performed. Microscopically, the architecture of the spleen was preserved. The white pulp Malpighian corpuscles were atrophied. The red pulp showed intact sinusoids and pulp cords with increased cellular infiltrate. The proliferating lymphoid cells were mostly small lymphoid cells with minimal or no nuclear atypia, mixed with rare medium-sized or large cells. Immunohistochemical study and in-situ hybridization showed that the EBER-positive lymphoid cells were positive for CD3 and CD56. They were also positive for cytotoxic molecules, such as T-cell restricted intracellular antigen (TIA1), granzyme B. The case exhibited polyclonal rearrangement of T-cell receptor gene (TCR) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies. Without radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the patient is alive and well with no evidence of disease 25 months after surgery.     

根痛平胶囊和根痛平片中川续断皂苷Ⅵ的含量测定方法研究及续断的投料情况分析

目的 建立根痛平胶囊和根痛平片中川续断皂苷Ⅵ的含量测定方法,监测生产企业续断投料情况。方法 采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法,Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),以乙腈-水（27:73）为流动相等度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为212 nm。结果 川续断皂苷Ⅵ在30~280 μg·mL^-1的范围内呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y = 2 029.357 0 X + 3.688 5 ,R² = 0.999 7,平均回收率为96.08%,RSD为1.01%。结论 该法简单准确,可用于测定根痛平胶囊和根痛平片中川续断皂苷Ⅵ的含量,为根痛平系列制剂的质量标准提高提供理论依据;制定了川续断皂苷Ⅵ含量参考限度值,考察企业续断的投料情况,提示个别企业未投料或投料用续断质量差。     

计算机辅助系统在诊断乳腺良恶性肿瘤中的应用

目的:探讨计算机辅助诊断系统在良恶性肿瘤检测与特征提取基础上的分类对于乳腺肿瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析乳腺超声检查发现肿瘤且经过病理学证实的617例患者影像资料,采用手工提取的方式得到乳腺超声图像的感兴趣区域及病灶轮廓,再利用方向梯度直方图（HOG）、局部二值模式（LBP）和灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）3个特征进行乳腺肿瘤的良恶性病变真假阳性检测;最后用受试者操作特征曲线（ROC）分别分析每个特征对于两类病变判别的诊断性能和应用所有特征集合的分类诊断性能。结果:多特征融合方法的各项诊断效能及ROC曲线下面积（AUC）值均优于单特征LBP、HOG、GLCM（P值均<0.05）。与人工诊断相比,多特征融合的敏感性无显著差异,但特异度显著升高达98.57%（Z值=2.25, P<0.05）,同时AUC值为0.985,显著优于人工诊断的0.910（Z值=1.99, P<0.05）。结论:计算机辅助系统乳腺超声肿瘤良恶性检测的算法是有效的,能够对乳腺癌鉴别诊断提供有益的参考。     

Novel pH-responsive and self-assembled nanoparticles based on Bletilla striata polysaccharide: preparation and characterization

In this investigation, innovative pH-sensitive and amphiphilic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by grafting histidine (His, pH sensitive molecule) and stearic acid (SA, hydrophobic segment) onto the polysaccharides of Bletilla striata (BSP). The His-SA-BSP was able to self-assemble into NPs with pH sensitivity. The acidic conditions could trigger the imidazole ionization and reverse the surface charge, while the electrostatic repulsion wrecked the structure and drove the NPs to a swollen state, as revealed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and critical micelle concentration (CMC) analyses. By increasing the degree of substitution (DS) of His, the NPs showed improved pH sensitivity. The NPs could accelerate Doxorubicin (Dox) release to a remarkably greater extent (3-fold) at pH 5 than at pH 7.4. The CCK-8 assay demonstrated a good biocompatibility of the NPs towards different cell lines and a specific inhibition effect of Dox-loaded NPs against tumor cells. Furthermore, the NPs showed the improved cellular uptake of Dox towards MCF-7 by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Therefore, the new His-SA-BSP showed potential applications in drug nanocarrier systems.

In this investigation, innovative pH-sensitive and amphiphilic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by grafting histidine (His, pH sensitive molecule) and stearic acid (SA, hydrophobic segment) onto the polysaccharides of Bletilla striata (BSP).