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1.
Amr Abdelhamid AbouZeid Sherif Elhussiny Ibrahim Shaimaa Abdelsattar Mohammad Ahmed Bassiouny Radwan Mohamed Eldebeiky Ahmed Medhat Zaki 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2019,54(3):471-478
Purpose
To identify anatomical aberrations following PSARP procedure by using MRI, while correlating MRI findings to clinical outcome.Patients and methods
Between January 2014 and December 2017, we conducted our study on male patients with rectourethral fistula who underwent PSARP. Postoperative pelvic MRI studies were performed and correlated to their clinical continence scores (Rintala, and Krickenbeck classification).Results
The study included 31 patients. Fourteen patients were retrieved from the hospital records and accepted to participate in the study; while the remaining 17 were collected from the fecal incontinence clinic. Their age ranged from 40 to 156?months (mean 83) We divided patients in the study into two groups according to their Rintala continence scores: (Group A) 15 patients with low scores (10 or less); and (Group B) 16 patients with higher scores (more than 10). We detected wider pelvic hiatus (hiatus/PC ratio) and more obtuse anorectal angle in group A than B.Conclusion
Several anatomical alterations can be detected by MRI following the PSARP procedure that include abnormalities in the striated muscle sphincter (attenuation/deficiency), deviated neorectum, and presence of excessive perirectal fat. A widened pelvic hiatus and/or obtuse anorectal angle may correlate with poor fecal continence in these patients.Level of Evidence
This is a case control study (level III evidence). 相似文献2.
Clinical Implication of Toll-Like Receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients 下载免费PDF全文
Salah Aref AL Shaimaa Mansoura Abd ElmaksoudSherin Abd ElazizMohamed MabedMohamed Ayed 《Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention》2020,21(11):3177-3183
Backgrounds: Toll-like receptors 2; 4 (TLR2;4) are an essential component of the innate immunity and play an important role in immune-surveillance and immune response to various microorganisms. This study aimed to investigate the association between TLR2 and TLR4 polymorphism and the risk of acquiring severe infections, and impact on AML patient’s outcome. Subjects and methods: Using polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP); we analyzed three SNPs in the TLR2 (Arg753Gln) and TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) in 120 AML patients and 100 healthy control subjects. Results: No significant differences in genotype or alleles frequency between healthy controls and AML patients regarding TLR2 Arg753Gln, TLR4 Asp299Gly and TLR4 Thr399Ile polymorphisms (P>0.05 for all). Neutropenic fever was detected in 110 out of 120 (91.7%) of the studied AML patients. The sepsis and pneumonia were identified in 20 out of 120 patients (16.7%). The incidence of sepsis was associated with TLR2 Arg753Gln: AG genotypes, A allele and TLR4 Asp299Gly: CT genotype and C allele as compared to other genotypes and alleles. Moreover; TLR2 (Arg753Gln) GG polymorphisms significantly associated with shortest overall survival (OS) and shortest disease-free survival (DFS); while TLR4 polymorphisms affect the DSF only but not OS. In AML patients TLR2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism is associated with high susceptibility to sepsis and TLR4 (Asp299Gly and Thr399Ile) gene polymorphism is associated with high susceptibility for both pneumonia; and sepsis. Conclusion: TLR2 Arg753Gln (AG; GG genotype) polymorphisms are associated with shortest OS and DFS. Moreover; significant association between TLR2 polymorphisms, TLR4 Arg753Gln polymorphisms and risk of severe infections in AML patients was documented. 相似文献
3.
Huinan Zhang Jingru Meng Shimeng Zhou Yunhan Liu Di Qu Ling Wang Xubo Li Ning Wang Xiaoxing Luo Xue Ma 《The AAPS journal》2016,18(2):385-394
Exendin-4 is now considered as a promising drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. To determine the neuroprotective effects of intranasal exendin-4, C57BL/6J mice were intranasally administered with exendin-4 daily for 7 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery. Intranasally administered exendin-4 produced higher brain concentrations and lower plasma concentrations when compared to identical doses administered interperitoneally. Neurological deficits and volume of infarcted lesions were analyzed 24 h after ischemia. Intranasal administration of exendin-4 exhibited significant neuroprotection in C57BL/6 mice subjected to MCAO by reducing neurological deficit scores and infarct volume. The neuroprotective effects of exendin-4 were blocked by the knockdown of GLP-1R with shRNA. However, exendin-4 has no impact on glucose and insulin levels which indicated that the neuroprotective effect was mediated by the activation of GLP-1R in the brain. Exendin-4 intranasal administration restored the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and decreased the expression of Caspase-3. The anti-apoptotic effect was mediated by the cAMP/PKA and PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings provided evidence that exendin-4 intranasal administration exerted a neuroprotective effect mediated by an anti-apoptotic mechanism in MCAO mice and protected neurons against ischemic injury through the GLP-1R pathway in the brain. Intranasal delivery of exendin-4 might be a promising strategy for the treatment of ischemic stroke. 相似文献
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Khushbu K. Modi Suresh B. Rangasamy Sridevi Dasarathi Avik Roy Kalipada Pahan 《Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology》2016,11(4):693-707
This study underlines the importance of cinnamon, a commonly used natural spice and flavoring material, and its metabolite sodium benzoate (NaB) in converting poor learning mice to good learning ones. NaB, but not sodium formate, was found to upregulate plasticity-related molecules, stimulate NMDA- and AMPA-sensitive calcium influx and increase of spine density in cultured hippocampal neurons. NaB induced the activation of CREB in hippocampal neurons via protein kinase A (PKA), which was responsible for the upregulation of plasticity-related molecules. Finally, spatial memory consolidation-induced activation of CREB and expression of different plasticity-related molecules were less in the hippocampus of poor learning mice as compared to good learning ones. However, oral treatment of cinnamon and NaB increased spatial memory consolidation-induced activation of CREB and expression of plasticity-related molecules in the hippocampus of poor-learning mice and converted poor learners into good learners. These results describe a novel property of cinnamon in switching poor learners to good learners via stimulating hippocampal plasticity. 相似文献
7.
Savleen Kaur Sonam Yangzes Swati Singh Nishant Sachdev 《International ophthalmology》2016,36(3):335-340
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of treatment of diabetic macular edema (persistent type) with difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05 % (off label use). 20 patients with persistent diabetic macular edema were enrolled. In all subjects, more than 4 months had passed since prior treatment. All patients were treated with difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05 % three times daily for 3 months. At the end of 3 months the visual acuity had increased by two lines to a mean value of 0.61 ± 0.18 on logMAR from a baseline value of 0.885 ± 0.20 and the central retinal thickness had decreased from 423 ± 72.04 microns to 345 ± 68.7 microns. Hence, there was a total of 18.4 % decrease in retinal thickness on difluprednate. Major side effects included raised intraocular pressure in 20 %. Difluprednate is a potent and strong steroid which causes a rapid decrease in persistent diabetic macular edema. However, the potential side effect of raised intraocular pressure limits its use as an adjuvant therapy in non-steroid responders. 相似文献
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Tobacco use is common among homeless adults, yet few homeless shelters offer tobacco dependence treatment. Using a pre-intervention and post-intervention study design, we pilot tested the feasibility of a capacity building intervention that consisted of a 3.5-h training for shelter staff to provide cessation counseling. Staff (n = 12) and homeless clients (n = 46) completed questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention (6 weeks), and at 12-weeks follow-up. Staff completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward and practices around treating tobacco dependence, and self-efficacy in providing cessation counseling (score range 1–5). Clients completed a questionnaire on tobacco-related knowledge, attitudes toward tobacco dependence, and receipt of tobacco-related services from the program (score range 1–5). We used repeated measures linear regression analysis to examine change in scores over time. From pre-intervention to post-intervention, staff knowledge (β coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.1–0.8) and efficacy (β coefficient 0.4, 95 % CI 0.2–0.7) in treating tobacco dependence increased. Client receipt of tobacco-related program services increased significantly from post-intervention to follow-up (β coefficient 0.3, 95 % CI 0.1–0.5). A brief capacity building intervention has the potential to increase tobacco-related interventions among clients in homeless shelters. 相似文献
10.
Continuous processing in pharmaceutical manufacturing is a relatively new approach that has generated significant attention. While it has been used for decades in other industries, showing significant advantages, the pharmaceutical industry has been slow in its adoption of continuous processing, primarily due to regulatory uncertainty. This paper aims to help address these concerns by introducing methods for batch definition, raw material traceability, and sensor frequency determination. All of the methods are based on established engineering and mathematical principles, especially the residence time distribution (RTD). This paper introduces a risk-based approach to address content uniformity challenges of continuous manufacturing. All of the detailed methods are discussed using a direct compaction manufacturing line as the main example, but the techniques can easily be applied to other continuous manufacturing methods such as wet and dry granulation, hot melt extrusion, capsule filling, etc. 相似文献