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排序方式: 共有2584条查询结果,搜索用时 17 毫秒
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Ivan A. Pelevin Anton Yu. Nalivaiko Dmitriy Yu. Ozherelkov Alexander S. Shinkaryov Stanislav V. Chernyshikhin Alexey N. Arnautov Sergey V. Zmanovsky Alexander A. Gromov 《Materials》2021,14(10)
Aluminum matrix composites (AMC) are of great interest and importance as high-performance materials with enhanced mechanical properties. Al2O3 is a commonly used reinforcement in AMCs fabricated by means of various technological methods, including casting and sintering. Selective laser melting (SLM) is a suitable modern method of the fabrication of net-shape fully dense parts from AMC with alumina. The main results, achievements, and difficulties of SLM applied to AMCs with alumina are discussed in this review and compared with conventional methods. It was shown that the initial powder preparation, namely the particle size distribution, sphericity, and thorough mixing, affected the final microstructure and properties of SLMed materials drastically. The distribution of reinforcing particles tends to consolidate the near-melting pool-edges process because of pushing by the liquid–solid interface during the solidification process that is a common problem of various fabrication methods. The achievement of an homogeneous distribution was shown to be possible through both the thorough mixing of the initial powders and the precise optimization of SLM parameters. The strength of the AMCs fabricated by the SLM method was relatively low compared with materials produced by conventional methods, while for superior relative densities of more than 99%, hardness and tribological properties were obtained, making SLM a promising method for the Al-based matrix composites with Al2O3. 相似文献
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Sergey Motov Stefan Mann Jefferson Drapkin Mahlaqa Butt Antonios Likourezos Elizabeth Yetter Jason Brady Nechama Rothberger Ankit Gohel Peter Flom Mo Mai Christian Fromm John Marshall 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2019,37(2):220-227
Study objective
We compare the analgesic efficacy and safety of subdissociative intravenous-dose ketamine (SDK) versus morphine in geriatric Emergency Department (ED) patients.Methods
This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial evaluating ED patients aged 65 and older experiencing moderate to severe acute abdominal, flank, musculoskeletal, or malignant pain. Patients were randomized to receive SDK at 0.3?mg/kg or morphine at 0.1?mg/kg by short intravenous infusion over 15?min. Evaluations occurred at 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120?min. Primary outcome was reduction in pain at 30?min. Secondary outcomes included overall rates of adverse effects and incidence of rescue analgesia.Results
Thirty patients per group were enrolled in the study. The primary change in mean pain scores was not significantly different in the ketamine and morphine groups: 9.0 versus 8.4 at baseline (mean difference 0.6; 95% CI ?0.30 to 1.43) and 4.2 versus 4.4 at 30?min (mean difference ?0.2; 95% CI ?1.93 to1.46). Patients in the SDK group reported higher rates of psychoperceptual adverse effects at 15, 30, and 60?min post drug administration. Two patients in the ketamine group and one in the morphine group experienced brief desaturation episodes. There were no statistically significant differences with respect to changes in vital signs and need for rescue medication.Conclusion
SDK administered at 0.3?mg/kg over 15?min provides analgesic efficacy comparable to morphine for short-term treatment of acute pain in the geriatric ED patients but results in higher rates of psychoperceptual adverse effects.ClinicalTrials.gov Registration #: NCT02673372. 相似文献5.
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Irina V. Poddubnaya Sergey M. Alekseev Kamil D. Kaplanov Les M. Lukavetskyy Grigoriy B. Rekhtman Tuphan K. Dolai V. Satya Suresh Attili Carlos D. Bermúdez Aleksandr A. Isaev Ekaterina V. Chernyaeva Roman A. Ivanov 《Hematological oncology》2020,38(1):67-73
BCD-020 is a proposed rituximab biosimilar, which has shown high similarity to rituximab in quality and nonclinical studies in vitro and in vivo. International multicenter clinical trial was conducted to compare efficacy and safety of BCD-020 and reference rituximab in adult (older than 18 years) patients with indolent lymphomas (follicular lymphoma grade 1-2, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, and nodal marginal zone lymphoma). Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity were also studied. Patients with no previous biologic treatment for lymphoma were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive BCD-020 or comparator 375 mg/m2 for 4 weeks. Primary study outcome was day 50 overall response rate defined as complete or partial remission. Equivalence range was −20% to 20% for 95% CI for overall response rates difference. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity. One hundred seventy-four patients were enrolled, 89 in BCD-020 arm and 85 in comparator arm. The overall response rate was 44.71% in BCD-020 arm and 41.89% in comparator arm. Limits of 95% confidence interval (CI) for difference of overall response rates between arms were (−12.62%-18.24%) showing equivalent efficacy. Sixty-one (68.54%) and 59 (69.41%) patients had at least one adverse event in BCD-020 arm or comparator arm, respectively. No unexpected adverse reactions were reported. Antidrug antibodies with no neutralizing activity were detected in two patients in comparator arm on day 14 further declining below detection threshold. Rituximab concentrations had equivalent pattern after intravenous administration of both drugs. Both drugs caused depletion of B-cells without significant influence on other blood cell lineages. In this study, we showed equivalent efficacy of BCD-020 and reference rituximab when used in patients with CD20-positive indolent lymphomas. We also confirmed pharmacokinetic equivalence of BCD-020 and reference rituximab. Safety profile, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity of BCD-020 were also comparable with those of reference rituximab. 相似文献
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Sergey Kalinin Gordon P. Meares Shao Xia Lin Elizabeth A. Pietruczyk Gesine Saher Lena Spieth Klaus-Armin Nave Anne I. Boullerne Sarah E. Lutz Etty N. Benveniste Douglas L. Feinstein 《Glia》2020,68(3):600-616
Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a ubiquitously expressed kinase involved in the regulation of cell metabolism, growth, and inflammatory activation. We previously reported that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene encoding LKB1 is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS). Since astrocyte activation and metabolic function have important roles in regulating neuroinflammation and neuropathology, we examined the serine/threonine kinase LKB1 in astrocytes in a chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse model of MS. To reduce LKB1, a heterozygous astrocyte-selective conditional knockout (het-cKO) model was used. While disease incidence was similar, disease severity was worsened in het-cKO mice. RNAseq analysis identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways enriched in het-cKO mice relating to mitochondrial function, confirmed by alterations in mitochondrial complex proteins and reductions in mRNAs related to astrocyte metabolism. Enriched pathways included major histocompatibility class II genes, confirmed by increases in MHCII protein in spinal cord and cerebellum of het-cKO mice. We observed increased numbers of CD4+ Th17 cells and increased neuronal damage in spinal cords of het-cKO mice, associated with reduced expression of choline acetyltransferase, accumulation of immunoglobulin-γ, and reduced expression of factors involved in motor neuron survival. In vitro, LKB1-deficient astrocytes showed reduced metabolic function and increased inflammatory activation. These data suggest that metabolic dysfunction in astrocytes, in this case due to LKB1 deficiency, can exacerbate demyelinating disease by loss of metabolic support and increase in the inflammatory environment. 相似文献
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Ravil Sharifulin Alexander Bogachev-Prokophiev Sergey Zheleznev Igor Demin Alexey Pivkin Alexander Afanasyev Alexander Karaskov 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2019,157(1):134-141.e3