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排序方式: 共有2185条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Gary N. McAuliffe Susan L. Taylor Sharon Moore Joanne Hewitt Arlo Upton Anna S. Howe Emma J. Best 《Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease》2019,93(3):203-207
Rotavirus vaccine has reduced disease prevalence in many countries. Consequently, we aimed to assess the reliability of a rotavirus immunoassay in the community population of Auckland and Northland, New Zealand. Between 22 October 2015 and 31 December 2016, 2873 fecal samples were tested by enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Rotascreen II, Microgen, UK) from 2748 patients (median age 8?years, range 0–101?years). Eighty-nine (3.1%) samples were reactive; 86 samples were tested by a second method. Rotavirus was confirmed in 49/86 (57%). Positive rotavirus EIAs were more likely to be confirmed in samples from cases ≥1?year of age (positive predictive value [PPV] 61%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 50–72%, P?=?0.049) and in spring/summer (PPV 67%, 95% CI 55–78%, P?=?0.003). Reactive rotavirus tests required confirmatory testing regardless of demographic, vaccine, or seasonal factors; a review of rotavirus testing algorithms may be necessary in other vaccinated community populations. 相似文献
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John M. Abrahams Stuart A. Callary Sung W. Jang Joseph Hewitt Donald W. Howie Lucian B. Solomon 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2020,38(7):1497-1505
Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) is the most accurate method of measuring component migration using radiographs but is restricted to use in prospective studies. Ein-Bild-Roentgen-analyze (EBRA)-Cup can be used retrospectively, but its accuracy to measure component migration following revision is unknown. This study aimed to determine the accuracy of EBRA-Cup measurements of uncemented acetabular component migration after revision total hip replacement (THR). The secondary aim was to compare the number of cases identified using EBRA-Cup and RSA as having proximally migrated above and below 1 mm at 2 years postoperatively. EBRA-Cup measurements were performed on plain antero-posterior pelvic radiographs taken at the same time as RSA radiographs in a prospective cohort of 53 hips undergoing acetabular revision. At 2 years, the mean difference between the RSA and EBRA-Cup measurements for 17 components used to treat pelvic discontinuity was 0.90 mm, significantly greater than the mean difference of 0.28 mm for 36 components without discontinuity (P = .0001). The mean difference between the RSA and EBRA-Cup measurements at 2 years for hips that were reconstructed with an acetabular component alone, 0.28 mm, was significantly lower than hips that were reconstructed with an acetabular component in combination with an augment and/or cage, 0.74 mm (P = .0005). In conclusion, EBRA-Cup can accurately measure migration of uncemented acetabular components used at revision THR. The presence of pelvic discontinuity, and addition of augments and cages, significantly influenced the accuracy of EBRA-Cup measurements. EBRA-Cup and RSA had good agreement on classification of components that migrated proximally above or below 1 mm at 2 years, with 100% sensitivity, and 87% specificity. 相似文献
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Kerri E. Woodward Debra L. Boeldt Robin P. Corley Lisabeth DiLalla Naomi P. Friedman John K. Hewitt Paula Y. Mullineaux JoAnn Robinson Soo Hyun Rhee 《Behavior genetics》2018,48(4):283-297
The present study examined the influence of maternal and child characteristics on parenting behaviors in a genetically informative study. The participants were 976 twins and their mothers from the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study and the Twin Infant Project. Indicators of positive parenting were coded during parent–child interactions when twins were 7–36 months old. Child cognitive abilities and affection were independent correlates of positive parenting. There were significant gender differences in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on positive parenting, with shared environmental influences on parenting of girls and additive genetic influences on parenting of boys. Girls received significantly more positive parenting than boys. Differences in etiology of positive parenting may be explained by developmental gender differences in child cognitive abilities and affection, such that girls may have more rewarding interactions with parents, evoking more positive parenting. 相似文献
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Hewitt J 《Journal of advanced nursing》2002,37(5):439-445
AIMS OF THE PAPER: This paper critically reviews the arguments for and against undertaking the role of nurse advocate. BACKGROUND: Advocacy has become a popular concept in nursing literature over the past two decades. By addressing issues of power and accountability, conclusions are drawn about the risks facing nurses who would practice patient advocacy. METHODS: Review and analysis of theoretical debate. RESULTS: Empirical evidence is sparse and philosophical arguments predominate in the field of patient advocacy. Humanistic arguments that promote advocacy as a moral imperative are compelling. However, in reality nurses appear to lack the power base to comply except by covert means. Informed consent with a knowledge of the consequences of undertaking such an intervention is as relevant to the nurse as it is to the patient. CONCLUSION: Nurses need to be empowered first, if they are to empower their patients. There may however, be more suitable candidates for the role of patient advocate and nurses should recognize that they do not have a monopoly on ethical decision making. 相似文献
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Comparative in vitro activity of moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, piperacillin, and aminoglycosides against gram-negative bacilli 下载免费PDF全文
T O Kurtz D J Winston J A Hindler L S Young W L Hewitt W J Martin 《Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy》1980,18(4):645-648
The in vitro activities of four new beta-lactam antimicrobial agents (moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and piperacillin) and the aminoglycosides against 744 recent clinical isolates of facultative gram-negative bacilli were compared simultaneously by the agar dilution method. The major in vitro difference of these newer beta-lactam compounds appeared to be their antipseudomonal activity; cefoperazone was the most active, whereas cefotaxime had the least potency. The aminoglycosides, however, had the most effective in vitro activity on a weight basis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 相似文献
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