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The 11th revision of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) includes a new disorder, complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). The network approach to psychopathology enables investigation of the structure of disorders at the symptom level, which allows for analysis of direct symptom interactions. The network structure of ICD-11 CPTSD has not yet been studied, and it remains unclear whether similar networks replicate across different samples. We investigated the network models of four different trauma samples that included a total of 879 participants (M age = 47.17 years, SD = 11.92; 59.04% women) drawn from Austria, Lithuania, and Scotland and Wales in the United Kingdom. The International Trauma Questionnaire was used to assess symptoms of ICD-11 CPTSD in all samples. The prevalence of PTSD and CPTSD ranged from 23.7% to 37.3% and from 9.3% to 53.1%, respectively. Regularized partial correlation networks were estimated and the resulting networks compared. Despite several differences in the symptom presentation and cultural background, the networks across the four samples were considerably similar, with high correlations between symptom profiles (ρs = .48–.87), network structures (ρs = .69–.75), and centrality estimates (ρs = .59–.82). These results support the replicability of CPTSD network models across different samples and provide further evidence about the robust structure of CPTSD. The most central symptom in all four sample-specific networks and the overall network was “feelings of worthlessness.” Implications of the network approach in research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   
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Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - Our knowledge about the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) and the performance of age adjusted D-dimers (Dd) cutoff amongst patients with lung cancer (LC)...  相似文献   
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Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - To investigate the accuracy of preoperative biometry in eyes undergoing combined phacovitrectomy and to compare it with eyes...  相似文献   
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The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as it relates to individuals’ experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic has yet to be determined. This study was conducted to determine rates of COVID-19–related PTSD in the Irish general population, the level of comorbidity with depression and anxiety, and the sociodemographic risk factors associated with COVID-19–related PTSD. A nationally representative sample of adults from the general population of the Republic of Ireland (N = 1,041) completed self-report measures of all study variables. The rate of COVID-19–related PTSD was 17.7% (n = 184), 95% CI [15.35%, 19.99%], and there was a high level of comorbidity with generalized anxiety (49.5%) and depression (53.8%). Meeting the diagnostic requirement for COVID-19–related PTSD was associated with younger age, male sex, living in a city, living with children, moderate and high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection, and screening positive for anxiety or depression. Posttraumatic stress symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic are common in the general population. Our results show that health professionals responsible for responding to the COVID-19 pandemic should expect to routinely encounter symptoms and concerns related to posttraumatic stress.  相似文献   
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Methylphenidate (MP) is a commonly prescribed psychostimulant to individuals with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and is often used illicitly among healthy individuals with intermittent breaks to coincide with breaks from school. This study examined how intermittent abstinence periods impact the physiological and behavioral effects of chronic oral MP self-administration in rats, and whether these effects persist following prolonged abstinence from the drug. Rats were treated orally with water, low-dose (LD), or high-dose (HD) MP, beginning at PND 28. This daily access continued for three consecutive weeks followed by a 1-week abstinence; after three repeats of this cycle, there was a 5-week abstinence period. Throughout the study, we examined body weight, food intake, locomotor activity, and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. During the treatment phase, HD MP decreased body weight, food intake, and depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors, while it increased locomotor activity. During intermittent abstinence, the effects of MP on locomotor activity were eliminated. During prolonged abstinence, most of the effects of HD MP were ameliorated to control levels, with the exception of weight loss and anxiolytic effects. These findings suggest that intermittent exposure to chronic MP causes physiological and behavioral effects that are mostly reversible following prolonged abstinence.  相似文献   
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BackgroundContinuing medical education and objective performance assessment remain the key components of recertification. Objective skills assessment in routine practice remains challenging due to extensive variations in case selection and treatments. This study explores expert opinions regarding objective skills assessment for specialists within the framework of recertification.MethodsWe used a qualitative, semi-structured interview-based approach to obtain information and suggestions about key issues and recommendations relating to specialists' skills assessment. Twenty-two face-to-face interviews were conducted. Interviews were transcribed and analysed by two reviewers.ResultsThe information from the interviews was categorized under the headings of: (1) the components of specialist-level skills, (2) the methods for assessing specialist skills, (3) the types of tools and procedures used during observational assessment, (4) the unsuccessful specialists, and (5) the selection and training of assessors for specialist assessment.ConclusionsOutcome-based assessment of performance followed by observation of practice, were recommended as effective modes of evaluation of performance.  相似文献   
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The Zucker rat is used as a model of genetic obesity, and while Zucker rats have been well studied for their reduced sensitivity to leptin signaling and subsequent weight gain, little work has examined their responses to environmental signals that are associated with “hedonic” feeding. This study evaluated the effects of a high‐fat food olfactory cue (bacon) in stimulating nose‐poke food‐seeking behavior on first exposure (novel) and after a period of access for consumption (familiar) in lean and obese Zucker rats at either 4 or 12 months of age, and under ad‐lib fed (unrestricted; U) or chronically food‐restricted (70% of ad‐lib; R) conditions. Baseline nose‐poke levels were comparable amongst all groups. At 4 months of age, only ObU rats displayed increased behavioral activation to familiar food cues. Twelve‐month‐old Ob rats, regardless of diet, exhibited substantially greater food‐seeking behavior when exposed to both the novel and familiar olfactory cues. A strong positive correlation between body weight and nose‐poke entries for the familiar food cue was observed at both ages, while this correlation for the novel food cue was significant in 12–month‐old rats only. Similarly, there were strong positive correlations between food intake and poke entries for the familiar food cue was observed at both ages, while this correlation for the novel food cue was significant in 12–month‐old rats only. Although it is possible that differences in olfactory sensitivity contribute to these behavioral effects, our findings support the interactions between food intake, obesity, and food‐seeking behavior and are consistent with leptin inhibiting the brain's reactivity to food cues and suggest that the enhanced sensitivity to the food cues with leptin deficiency is likely to contribute to overeating and weight gain. Synapse, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   
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