Dynamical release nanospheres containing cell growth factor from biopolymer hydrogel via reversible covalent conjugation

For practical adipose regeneration, the challenge is to dynamically deliver the key adipogenic insulin-like growth factors in hydrogels to induce adipogenesis. In order to achieve dynamic release, smart hydrogels to sense the change in the blood glucose concentration is required when glucose concentration increases. In this study, a heparin-based hydrogel has been developed for use in dynamic delivery of heparin nanospheres containing insulin-like growth factor. The gel scaffold was facilely prepared in physiological conditions by the formation of boronate-maltose ester cross-links between boronate and maltose groups of heparin derivatives. Due to its intrinsic glucose-sensitivity, the exposure of gel scaffold to glucose induces maltose functionalized nanospheres dissociation off hydrogel network and thereby could dynamically move into the microenvironment. The potential of the hydrogel as a cell scaffold was demonstrated by encapsulation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) within the gel matrix in vitro. Cell culture showed that this dynamic hydrogel could support survival and proliferation of ASCs. This biocompatible coupling chemistry has the advantage that it introduces no potentially cytotoxic groups into injectable gel scaffolds formed and can create a more biomimetic microenvironment for drug and cell delivery, rendering them more suitable for potential in vivo biomedical applications. All these results indicate that this biocompatible gel scaffold can render the formulation of a therapeutically effective platform for diabetes treatment and adipose regeneration.     

The genetic polymorphism and expression profiles of NLRP3 inflammasome in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

NLRP3 inflammasome has been recently reported as an important risk factor in the development of cancer. But the relationship between polymorphisms of NLRP3 inflammasome related genes and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is rarely reported. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association of five genetic polymorphisms (NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, CARD8 and NF-κB) in 267 CML patients and 344 healthy controls. We found that the AT genotype of CARD8 (rs2043211) was significantly higher compared to TT genotype in high and intermediate risk CML patients. IL-1β (rs16944) polymorphism in early molecular response at 6?months was marginally different, with more GG and less AA genotype in BCR-ABL^IS >1% group. IL-18 (rs1946518) polymorphism was significantly different with more GG genotype in BCR-ABL^IS >1% group at 6?months. We also demonstrated that WBC count of newly diagnosed patients carrying AG genotype was significantly higher than that of GG or AA genotype of IL-1β (rs16944). The onset age of patients carrying ins/ins genotype of NF-κB (rs28362491) was significantly older than that of ins/del and del/del genotype. Moreover, IL-1β or NLRP3 mRNA expression was decreased and IL-18 mRNA expression was increased significantly in CML patients compared with controls. In conclusion, the genetic polymorphisms of NLRP3 inflammasome may be served as potential predictors for CML.     

A new computational model for human thyroid cancer enhances the preoperative diagnostic efficacy

Considering the high rate of missed diagnosis and delayed treatments for thyroid cancer, an effective systematic model for the differential diagnosis is highly needed. Thus we analyzed the data on the clinicopathological characteristics, routine laboratory tests and imaging examinations in a cohort of 13,980 patients with thyroid cancer to establish a new diagnostic model for differentiating thyroid cancer in clinical practice. Here, we randomly selected two-thirds of the population to develop the thyroid malignancy risk scoring system (TMRS) for preoperative differentiation between thyroid cancer and benignant thyroid diseases, and then validated its differential diagnostic power in the rest one-third population. The 18 predictors finally enrolled in the TMRS included male gender, clinical manifestations (fever, neck sore, neck lump, palpitations or sweating), laboratory findings (TSH>1.56mIU/L, FT₃>5.85pmol/L, TPOAb>14.97IU/ml, TgAb>48.00IU/ml, Tg>34.59μg/L, Ct>64.00ng/L, and CEA>0.41μg/L), and ultrasound features (tumor number≤ 23mm, site, size, echo texture, margins, and shape of neck lymphnodes). The TMRS is validated to be well-calibrated (P = 0.437) and excellently discriminated (AUC = 0.93, 95% CI [0.92, 0.94]), with an accuracy of 83.2%, a sensitivity of 89.3%, a specificity of 81.5%, positive and negative predictive values of 56.8% and 96.6%, positive and negative likelihood ratios of 4.83 and 0.13 in the development cohort, respectively. The TMRS highlights that this differential diagnostic system could help provide accurate preoperative risk stratification for thyroid cancer, and avoid unnecessary over- and under-treatment for such patients.     

诱导型一氧化氮合酶和内皮型一氧化氮合酶在胃癌中的表达关系及临床意义

目的检测诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶(eNOS)在小鼠正常胃组织及原位移植人胃癌组织SGC-7901中的表达情况,探讨严重联合免疫缺陷(SCID)小鼠胃癌不同阶段时iNOS和eNOS含量变化的相关性研究及临床意义。方法采用苏木精-伊红染色法进行检测。结果可见eNOS和iNOS在10只正常胃组织的相关性比较弱,30只胃癌组织中,25只iNOS表达较正常胃组织明显升高差异有统计学意义(83%和38%,P<0.05),iNOS与胃癌的发生发展有关系。25只胃癌组织中有17只eNOS表达略高于正常胃癌组织(57%和20%,P<0.05)。iNOS与eNOS在胃癌组织中的表达有相关性(P<0.01)。结论eNOS和iNOS之间可能存在相互作用共同参与了胃癌的发展转移及浸润。     

护理随访干预对哮喘患儿预后的影响

目的探讨护理干预对小儿支气管哮喘的干预效果和临床疗效的影响。方法对我院2009年1月～2010年12月住院治疗的120例小儿哮喘住院患者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组给予常规基础护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上延伸到家庭及社区护理干预,具体方式为指导患儿父母保持适宜的家庭生活环境、衣着方式,通过测定呼气峰流速监测病情并调整药物剂量、正确使用吸入式工具、鼓励患儿合理饮食并适度运动等。观察对比两组护理干预后1年内哮喘的复发次数与住院次数。结果干预组患儿1年内的哮喘复发次数和住院次数均少于对照组,二者差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论延伸的护理干预可以明显减少小儿哮喘的复发次数和住院次数,提高其生活质量。     

人胎盘间充质干细胞CD200+亚群细胞对同种异基因移植排斥的调节效应

文题释义： CD200⁺亚群细胞：从人胎盘间充质干细胞中分选获得的高表达CD200抗原的一群细胞。属于免疫球蛋白超级家族的膜糖蛋白CD200在调节免疫反应方面很重要,在维持免疫稳态方面起着关键作用。 移植排斥：在同种异基因组织、器官移植中,受者的免疫系统会对移植物产生排斥反应,这是一个涉及多种免疫反应的免疫学现象。排斥反应的轻重取决于供者与受者之间人类主要组织相容抗原的差异程度。 背景：免疫排斥反应仍是皮肤异体移植面临的重要难题,实验室前期研究发现高表达CD200的人胎盘间充质干细胞亚群细胞具备较强的免疫调节能力。 目的：进一步研究人胎盘间充质干细胞CD200⁺亚群细胞对同种异基因移植排斥的调节作用。 方法：构建同种异基因小鼠皮肤移植模型,经尾静脉分别将PBS(对照组)、人胎盘间充质干细胞(PMSCs组)、人胎盘间充质干细胞CD200⁺亚群细胞(CD200⁺-PMSCs组)输注C57BL/6小鼠体内。观察移植物的开始坏死时间、存活时间、皮片状态;细胞治疗7 d,采集小鼠外周血进行白细胞计数,采用Q-PCR、ELISA方法检测小鼠脾脏与外周血中白细胞介素10、干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α的表达。 结果与结论：①与对照组相比,PMSCs组与CD200⁺-PMSCs组移植物状态良好,存活时间明显延长(P < 0.001);CD200⁺-PMSCs组移植物状态及存活时间均优于PMSCs组(P < 0.01);②细胞治疗7 d,PMSCs组与CD200⁺-PMSCs组白细胞数量明显少于对照组(P < 0.01);③与对照组相比,CD200⁺-PMSCs组脾脏中白细胞介素10 mRNA表达明显升高(P < 0.05),PMSCs组、CD200⁺-PMSCs组干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α mRNA表达量则明显下调(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),同时CD200⁺-PMSCs组干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α mRNA表达量明显低于PMSCs组(P < 0.01,P < 0.05);④与对照组相比,PMSCs组、CD200⁺-PMSCs组血液中白细胞介素10水平明显升高(P < 0.05,P < 0.01),而干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α水平则明显下调(P < 0.05,P < 0.001;P < 0.01,P < 0.001),同时CD200⁺-PMSCs组干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α水平明显低于PMSCs组(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,人胎盘间充质干细胞对同种异基因皮肤移植排斥具有调节作用;CD200⁺亚群细胞抑制免疫排斥反应能力更强,其机制可能是CD200通过调节白细胞介素10、干扰素γ及肿瘤坏死因子α等免疫相关因子参与免疫反应。 ORCID: 0000-0002-9945-9094(刘婷) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程     

Genetic polymorphisms of IL-18 rs1946518 and IL-1β rs16944 are associated with prognosis and survival of acute myeloid leukemia

Background

Though the pathogenesis of AML is still unknown, accumulating evidence revealed that immune response plays a vital part in it. NLRP3 inflammasome as a component of immune system has been found related to several cancers. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NLRP3 inflammasome genes may be related to pathogenesis and prognosis of AML.

Methods and results

We determined polymorphisms of NLRP3 (rs35829419), CARD8 (rs2043211), IL-1β (rs16944), IL-18 (rs1946518) and NF-κB ?94 ins/del ATTG in de novo AML patients to find out whether they play roles in the susceptibility and severity of AML. In our study, 383 AML cases and 300 randomly selected healthy individuals were examined for the polymorphisms and expression of NLRP3 genes. IL-1β (rs16944) polymorphism in different risk AML subgroups was found statistically different, with more GA genotype in favorable-risk cytogenetics group. We also demonstrated that the bone marrow blasts of patients carrying IL-18 (rs1946518) GG or GT genotype were higher than patients of TT genotype. IL-18 plasma level of patients with IL-18 (rs1946518) GT or TT genotype was higher than GG genotype. Moreover, the GT genotype of IL-18 (rs1946518) led to statistically poorer AML-specific survival.

Conclusion

IL-1β (rs16944) and IL-18 (rs1946518) may be served as potential predictors for AML.

     

特发性肠系膜静脉硬化性肠炎并发结肠破裂一例

特发性肠系膜静脉硬化性肠炎(idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis,IMP)临床少见,病因及发病机理不明。本文报告1例IMP并发结肠自发性穿孔破裂的临床表现,内镜、CT及病理特征,并结合复习文献,以期提高医师对IMP的认识水平。     

宫颈分泌物支原体检测及支原体药敏分析(附286例)

目的观察女性泌尿生殖道支原体感染及药物的敏感性情况。方法回顾性分析我院自2008年6月～2010年6月对286例女性患者的宫颈分泌物标本进行培养及药敏试验。结果 286例患者宫颈分泌物支原体感染162例,总阳性率为56.6%,其中解脲支原体单项阳性119例,阳性率为41.6%,人型支原体单项阳性9例,阳性率为3.1%,混合感染34例,阳性率为11.9%。162例支原体感染的药敏结果中敏感率最高的是交沙霉素(94.44%),其次为强力霉素(87.03%),中介度最高的是司帕沙星(42.59%),耐药率最高的为氧氟沙星(75.31%)、阿奇霉素(77.16%)及罗红霉素(70.37%)。结论对于女性泌尿生殖道支原体的感染,应进行培养和药敏试验,科学合理地使用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生。