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1.
American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) individuals are diverse culturally and geographically but share a high prevalence of chronic illness, largely because of obstacles to high-quality health care. The authors comprehensively examined cancer incidence and mortality among non-Hispanic AIAN individuals, compared with non-Hispanic White individuals for context, using population-based data from the National Cancer Institute, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Overall cancer rates among AIAN individuals were 2% higher than among White individuals for incidence (2014 through 2018, confined to Purchased/Referred Care Delivery Area counties to reduce racial misclassification) but 18% higher for mortality (2015 through 2019). However, disparities varied widely by cancer type and geographic region. For example, breast and prostate cancer mortality rates are 8% and 31% higher, respectively, in AIAN individuals than in White individuals despite lower incidence and the availability of early detection tests for these cancers. The burden among AIAN individuals is highest for infection-related cancers (liver, stomach, and cervix), for kidney cancer, and for colorectal cancer among indigenous Alaskans (91.3 vs. 35.5 cases per 100,000 for White Alaskans), who have the highest rates in the world. Steep increases for early onset colorectal cancer, from 18.8 cases per 100,000 Native Alaskans aged 20–49 years during 1998 through 2002 to 34.8 cases per 100,000 during 2014 through 2018, exacerbated this disparity. Death rates for infection-related cancers (liver, stomach, and cervix), as well as kidney cancer, were approximately two-fold higher among AIAN individuals compared with White individuals. These findings highlight the need for more effective strategies to reduce the prevalence of chronic oncogenic infections and improve access to high-quality cancer screening and treatment for AIAN individuals. Mitigating the disparate burden will require expanded financial support of tribal health care as well as increased collaboration and engagement with this marginalized population.  相似文献   
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AIDS and Behavior - Although misperceived norms often drive personal health behaviors, we do not know about this phenomenon in the context of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. We conducted a...  相似文献   
5.
Spindler  L.  Alam  A.  Fathallah  N.  Rentien  A.-L.  Draullette  M.  Pommaret  E.  Thierry  M.-L.  Mituialy  A. El  Abbes  L.  Aubert  M.  Benfredj  P.  Far  E. Safa  Beaussier  H.  de Parades  V. 《Techniques in coloproctology》2022,26(2):143-146
Techniques in Coloproctology - The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of sinus laser therapy (SiLaT) for the treatment of pilonidal disease. All adult patients treated with SiLaT in our...  相似文献   
6.
目的考察半夏泻心汤联合甘精胰岛素注射液对脾弱胃强型2型糖尿病患者血糖及免疫指标的影响。方法选取2019年1月~2020年12月于天津市河西区康复医院诊治的脾弱胃强型2型糖尿病患者120例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组60例,对照组仅给予甘精胰岛素注射液,观察组给予半夏泻心汤联合甘精胰岛素注射液。比较两组治疗后1个月和3个月患者临床治疗有效率,治疗前、治疗后1个月和3个月糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)和空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)及免疫细胞CD3+、CD4+、CD8+和CD4+/CD8+水平。结果相比于对照组,观察组治疗后1个月和3个月临床治疗有效率显著提高(P<0.05);两组治疗前血糖和免疫相关指标相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后1个月和3个月,两组患者HbA1c、FPG和CD8+相比于治疗前均显著降低,而CD3+、CD4+和CD4+/CD8+显著升高(P<0.05);治疗后3个月,两组患者HbA1c、FPG和CD8+相比于治疗后1个月均显著降低,而CD3+、CD4+和CD4+/CD8+显著升高(P<0.05);观察组治疗后1个月和3个月HbA1c、FPG和CD8+相比于对照组均显著降低,而CD3+、CD4+和CD4+/CD8+显著升高(P<0.05)。结论半夏泻心汤联合甘精胰岛素注射液治疗脾弱胃强型2型糖尿病患者的临床效果较好,能够有效降低患者血糖水平,改善机体免疫水平。  相似文献   
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Clinical Rheumatology - This study aimed to assess treatment patterns and frequency of inadequate response associated with advanced therapy initiation among patients with ankylosing spondylitis...  相似文献   
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The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - Global longitudinal strain (GLS) has proven to be a powerful prognostic marker in various patient populations, but the prognostic value of...  相似文献   
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Numerous studies showed that postural balance improves through light touch on a stable surface highlighting the importance of haptic information, seemingly downplaying the mechanical contributions of the support. The present study examined the mechanical effects of canes for assisting balance in healthy individuals challenged by standing on a beam. Sixteen participants supported themselves with two canes, one in each hand, and applied minimal, preferred, or maximum force onto the canes. They positioned the canes in the frontal plane or in a tripod configuration. Statistical analysis used a linear mixed model to evaluate the effects on the center of pressure and the center of mass. The canes significantly reduced the variability of the center of pressure and the center of mass to the same level as when standing on the ground. Increasing the exerted force beyond the preferred level yielded no further benefits, although in the preferred force condition, participants exploited the altered mechanics by resting their arms on the canes. The tripod configuration allowed for larger variability of the center of pressure in the task-irrelevant anterior–posterior dimension. High forces had a destabilizing effect on the canes: the displacement of the hand on the cane handle increased with the force. Given this static instability, these results show that using canes can provide not only mechanical benefits but also challenges. From a control perspective, effort can be reduced by resting the arms on the canes and by channeling noise in the task-irrelevant dimensions. However, larger forces exerted onto the canes can also have destabilizing effects and the instability of the canes needs to be counteracted, possibly by arm and shoulder stiffness. Insights into the variety of mechanical effects is important for the design of canes and the instructions of how to use them.  相似文献   
10.
The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging - The new version of EchoPAC platform was recently developed by General Electronics (GE) to provide ‘vendor-independent’...  相似文献   
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