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1.
Susan Thurstans Natalie Sessions Carmel Dolan Kate Sadler Bernardette Cichon Sheila Isanaka Dominique Roberfroid Heather Stobaugh Patrick Webb Tanya Khara 《Maternal & child nutrition》2022,18(1):e13246
In 2014, the Emergency Nutrition Network published a report on the relationship between wasting and stunting. We aim to review evidence generated since that review to better understand the implications for improving child nutrition, health and survival. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, registered with PROSPERO. We identified search terms that describe wasting and stunting and the relationship between the two. We included studies related to children under five from low- and middle-income countries that assessed both ponderal growth/wasting and linear growth/stunting and the association between the two. We included 45 studies. The review found the peak incidence of both wasting and stunting is between birth and 3 months. There is a strong association between the two conditions whereby episodes of wasting contribute to stunting and, to a lesser extent, stunting leads to wasting. Children with multiple anthropometric deficits, including concurrent stunting and wasting, have the highest risk of near-term mortality when compared with children with any one deficit alone. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the use of mid-upper-arm circumference combined with weight-for-age Z score might effectively identify children at most risk of near-term mortality. Wasting and stunting, driven by common factors, frequently occur in the same child, either simultaneously or at different moments through their life course. Evidence of a process of accumulation of nutritional deficits and increased risk of mortality over a child's life demonstrates the pressing need for integrated policy, financing and programmatic approaches to the prevention and treatment of child malnutrition. 相似文献
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Andrew W. Kirkpatrick Christine Vis Mirette Dubé Susan Biesbroek Chad G. Ball Jason Laberge Jonas Shultz Ken Rea David Sadler John B. Holcomb John Kortbeek 《Injury》2014
Traumatic injury is the leading cause of potentially preventable lost years of life in the Western world and exsanguination is the most potentially preventable cause of post-traumatic death. With mature trauma systems and experienced trauma centres, extra-abdominal sites, such as the pelvis, constitute the most frequent anatomic site of exsanguination. Haemorrhage control for such bleeding often requires surgical adjuncts most notably interventional radiology (IR). With the usual paradigm of surgery conducted within an operating room and IR procedures within distant angiography suites, responsible clinicians are faced with making difficult decisions regarding where to transport the most physiologically unstable patients for haemorrhage control. If such a critical patient is transported to the wrong suite, they may die unnecessarily despite having potentially salvageable injuries. Thus, it seems only logical that the resuscitative operating room of the future would have IR capabilities making it the obvious geographic destination for critically unstable patients, especially those who are exsanguinating. 相似文献
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Palliative care has long been described in medical literature but only recently is being discussed in the surgical domain. Mounting evidence suggests that early integration of palliative care improves patient outcomes and this is especially true of oncology patients. Thus, the pendulum is swinging toward recognizing that palliative care and active disease management are not mutually exclusive but rather synergistic in modern surgical oncology. Here we use a patient vignette to demonstrate the new challenges and possibilities in modern surgical oncology, we then discuss the historic perspective of palliative care and describe how the paradigm is shifting. Finally, we introduce a model that may be beneficial in conceptualizing this new way of thinking about and integrating palliative care into surgical oncology. 相似文献
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Defining sepsis on the wards: results of a multi‐centre point‐prevalence study comparing two sepsis definitions 下载免费PDF全文
T. Szakmany R. Pugh M. Kopczynska R. M. Lundin B. Sharif P. Morgan G. Ellis J. Abreu S. Kulikouskaya K. Bashir L. Galloway H. Al‐Hassan T. Grother P. McNulty S. T. Seal A. Cains M. Vreugdenhil M. Abdimalik N. Dennehey G. Evans J. Whitaker E. Beasant C. Hall M. Lazarou C. V. Vanderpump K. Harding L. Duffy A. Guerrier Sadler R. Keeling C. Banks S. W. Y. Ng S. Y. Heng D. Thomas E. W. Puw I. Otahal C. Battle O. Minik R. A. Lyons J. E. Hall the Welsh Digital Data Collection Platform collaborators 《Anaesthesia》2018,73(2):195-204
Our aim was to prospectively determine the predictive capabilities of SEPSIS‐1 and SEPSIS‐3 definitions in the emergency departments and general wards. Patients with National Early Warning Score (NEWS) of 3 or above and suspected or proven infection were enrolled over a 24‐h period in 13 Welsh hospitals. The primary outcome measure was mortality within 30 days. Out of the 5422 patients screened, 431 fulfilled inclusion criteria and 380 (88%) were recruited. Using the SEPSIS‐1 definition, 212 patients had sepsis. When using the SEPSIS‐3 definitions with Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score ≥ 2, there were 272 septic patients, whereas with quickSOFA score ≥ 2, 50 patients were identified. For the prediction of primary outcome, SEPSIS‐1 criteria had a sensitivity (95%CI) of 65% (54–75%) and specificity of 47% (41–53%); SEPSIS‐3 criteria had a sensitivity of 86% (76–92%) and specificity of 32% (27–38%). SEPSIS‐3 and SEPSIS‐1 definitions were associated with a hazard ratio (95%CI) 2.7 (1.5–5.6) and 1.6 (1.3–2.5), respectively. Scoring system discrimination evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves was highest for Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (0.69 (95%CI 0.63–0.76)), followed by NEWS (0.58 (0.51–0.66)) (p < 0.001). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria (0.55 (0.49–0.61)) and quickSOFA score (0.56 (0.49–0.64)) could not predict outcome. The SEPSIS‐3 definition identified patients with the highest risk. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and NEWS were better predictors of poor outcome. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score appeared to be the best tool for identifying patients with high risk of death and sepsis‐induced organ dysfunction. 相似文献
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Giovanni Faggioni PhD Riccardo De Santis PhD Alice Pomponi PhD Antonella Grottola LS Giulia Fregni Serpini LS Marisa Meacci LS William Gennari LS Sara Tagliazucchi LS Monica Pecorari LS Federica Monaco LS Giovanni Savini PhD Eleonora Benedetti LS Maria Elena Remoli LS Claudia Fortuna LS Giulietta Venturi LS Giovanni Rezza MD Florigio Lista MD 《Journal of medical virology》2018,90(10):1666-1668
A collection of 3069 human sera collected in the area of the municipality of Modena, Emilia Romagna, Italy, was retrospectively investigated for specific antibodies against Usutu (USUV) and West Nile viruses (WNV). All the samples resulting positive using a preliminary screening test were analyzed with the plaque reduction neutralization test. Overall, 24 sera were confirmed as positive for USUV (0.78%) and 13 for WNV (0.42%). The results suggest that in 2012, USUV was circulating more than WNV in North‐eastern Italy. 相似文献
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BTB-ZF transcriptional regulator PLZF modifies chromatin to restrain inflammatory signaling programs
Anthony J. Sadler Fernando J. Rossello Liang Yu James A. Deane Xiangliang Yuan Die Wang Aaron T. Irving Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos Michael P. Gantier Hangjie Ying Howard C. H. Yim Elizabeth L. Hartland Amanda J. Notini Suzan de Boer Stefan J. White Ashley Mansell Jun-Ping Liu D. Neil Watkins Steve Gerondakis Bryan R. G. Williams Dakang Xu 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2015,112(5):1535-1540
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