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1.
J. A. McKnight S. H. Wild M. J. E. Lamb M. N. Cooper T. W. Jones E. A. Davis S. Hofer M. Fritsch E. Schober J. Svensson T. Almdal R. Young J. T. Warner B. Delemer P. F. Souchon R. W. Holl W. Karges D. M. Kieninger S. Tigas A. Bargiota C. Sampanis V. Cherubini R. Gesuita I. Strele S. Pildava K. J. Coppell G. Magee J. G. Cooper S. F. Dinneen K. Eeg‐Olofsson A.‐M. Svensson S. Gudbjornsdottir H. Veeze H.‐J. Aanstoot M. Khalangot W. V. Tamborlane K. M. Miller 《Diabetic medicine》2015,32(8):1036-1050
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3.
Oral carriage of Candida species and coliforms in patients with burning mouth syndrome 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
L. P. Samaranayake A. B. Lamb P.-J. Lamey T. W. MacFarlane 《Journal of oral pathology & medicine》1989,18(4):233-235
The oral carriage of Candida species and coliforms in a healthy adult population and a group of patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) was investigated. The intra-oral prevalence of Candida species and coliforms was higher in the BMS group compared with the controls. The most frequent yeast isolated from the BMS group was Candida albicans while Enterobacter and Klebsiella species were the most prevalent coliforms. The possible reasons and the significance of the above findings are discussed. 相似文献
4.
Alex P Navarro Dhanwant Gomez Christopher M Lamb Adam Brooks Iain C Cameron 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2014,16(6):503-511
Background
Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is a common benign disease of the liver with no recognized potential for malignant transformation. The term describes an entity of lobular proliferation of normally differentiated hepatocytes, frequently around a central fibrous scar. Two key issues influence surgical decision making in FNH: diagnostic certainty, and symptomatic assessment.Methods
A systematic review of studies reporting hepatic resections of FNH was performed. Indications and outcomes in adult populations were examined with a focus on diagnostic workup, patient selection and operative mortality and morbidity.Results
Diagnostic modalities in the majority of studies involved ultrasound and computed tomography. Fewer than half employed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In instances in which MRI was not available, diagnostic accuracy was inferior.Conclusions
Percutaneous biopsy should be avoided to prevent the risk for tumour seeding. Patients presenting with asymptomatic definitive FNH can be safely managed conservatively. In symptomatic patients surgical resection is a safe and effective treatment for which acceptable rates of morbidity (14%) and zero mortality are reported. However, evidence of symptom resolution is reported with conservative strategies. Diagnostic uncertainty remains the principal valid indication for FNH resection, but only in patients in whom contrast-enhanced MRI forms part of preoperative assessment. 相似文献5.
Sharda Udassi Melissa A. Lamb Jonathan J. Shuster Arno L. Zaritsky 《Resuscitation》2010,81(6):712-717
Objective
Infant CPR guidelines recommend two-finger chest compression with a lone rescuer and two-thumb with two rescuers. Two-thumb provides better chest compression but is perceived to be associated with increased ventilation hands-off time. We hypothesized that lone rescuer two-thumb CPR is associated with increased ventilation cycle time, decreased ventilation quality and fewer chest compressions compared to two-finger CPR in an infant manikin model.Design
Crossover observational study randomizing 34 healthcare providers to perform 2 min CPR at a compression rate of 100 min−1 using a 30:2 compression:ventilation ratio comparing two-thumb vs. two-finger techniques.Methods
A Laerdal™ Baby ALS Trainer manikin was modified to digitally record compression rate, compression depth and compression pressure and ventilation cycle time (two mouth-to-mouth breaths). Manikin chest rise with breaths was video recorded and later reviewed by two blinded CPR instructors for percent effective breaths. Data (mean ± SD) were analyzed using a two-tailed paired t-test. Significance was defined qualitatively as p ≤ 0.05.Result
Mean % effective breaths were 90 ± 18.6% in two-thumb and 88.9 ± 21.1% in two-finger, p = 0.65. Mean time (s) to deliver two mouth-to-mouth breaths was 7.6 ± 1.6 in two-thumb and 7.0 ± 1.5 in two-finger, p < 0.0001. Mean delivered compressions per minute were 87 ± 11 in two-thumb and 92 ± 12 in two-finger, p = 0.0005. Two-thumb resulted in significantly higher compression depth and compression pressure compared to the two-finger technique.Conclusion
Healthcare providers required 0.6 s longer time to deliver two breaths during two-thumb lone rescuer infant CPR, but there was no significant difference in percent effective breaths delivered between the two techniques. Two-thumb CPR had 4 fewer delivered compressions per minute, which may be offset by far more effective compression depth and compression pressure compared to two-finger technique. 相似文献6.
Lisa A. Beck Jeffry L. Lamb Elizabeth J. Atkinson Lisa-Ann Wuermser Shreyasee Amin 《The journal of spinal cord medicine》2014,37(4):359-365
AbstractObjectivesTo examine body composition, including the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and total body fat, in women and men with complete motor paraplegia and to make comparisons with able-bodied controls.MethodsIn 13 subjects with traumatic, complete motor paraplegia (six women, seven men) and 39 sex-, age-, and BMI-matched controls from the community (18 women, 21 men), we measured total and regional (upper extremities, trunk, and lower extremities) lean and fat mass using total body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.ResultsBoth women and men with paraplegia had significantly lower lean mass in their lower extremities, as would be expected, and in their total body when compared with controls. However, they had significantly greater lean mass in their upper extremities than controls (4.4 kg vs. 3.6 kg, P = 0.004 and 8.6 kg vs. 6.7 kg, P < 0.001 in women and men, respectively); all subjects with paraplegia studied used manual wheelchairs. Although total body fat mass was significantly greater in women (P = 0.010) and men (P = <0.001) with paraplegia compared with controls, for the equivalent total body fat mass, BMI was actually lower in women and men with paraplegia than controls (e.g. 20.2 kg/m2 vs. 25.0 kg/m2, respectively).ConclusionWe report on body composition in persons with complete motor paraplegia, including women on whom limited information is currently available. Our results support the need to define better assessments of obesity in both women and men following spinal cord injury, particularly of central body fat distribution, as BMI underestimates adiposity in this population. 相似文献
7.
Background
Selective non-operative management (SNOM) of penetrating abdominal wounds has become increasingly common in the past two or three decades and is now accepted as routine management for stab wounds. Gunshot wounds are more frequently managed with mandatory laparotomy but recently SNOM has been successfully applied. This review systematically appraises the evidence behind SNOM for civilian abdominal gunshot wounds.Methods
A Medline search from 1990 to present identified civilian studies examining success rates for SNOM of abdominal gunshot wounds. Case reports, editorials and abstracts were excluded. All other studies meeting the inclusion criteria of reporting the success rate of non-operative management of abdominal gunshot wounds were analysed.Results
Sixteen prospective and six retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria, including 18,602 patients with abdominal gunshot wounds. 32.2% (n = 6072) of patients were initially managed non-operatively and 15.5% (n = 943) required a delayed laparotomy. The presence of haemodynamic instability, peritonitis, GI bleeding or any co-existing pathology that prevented frequent serial examination of the abdomen from being performed were indications for immediate laparotomy in all studies. Delayed laparotomy results in similar outcomes to those in patients subjected to immediate laparotomy. Implementation of SNOM reduces the rates of negative and non-therapeutic laparotomies and reduces overall length of stay.Conclusions
SNOM can be safely applied to some civilian patients with abdominal gunshot wounds and reduces the rates of negative or non-therapeutic laparotomy. Patients who require delayed laparotomy have similar rates of morbidity and mortality and similar length of stay to those patients who undergo immediate laparotomy. 相似文献8.
9.
M. Alexander R. Krishnan B. Buder M. Lamb K. Laugenour D. Chapman C.E. Foster III J.R.T. Lakey 《Transplantation proceedings》2014
Introduction
Chronic shortage of quality human cadaveric pancreata limits islet transplantation. Porcine islet xenotransplantation is being explored to increase the donor pool. For clinical-ready islets, centralized animal husbandry, Current Good Manufacturing Practice–regulated processing facilities, and organ transportation support are required. Amount of cold ischemia time (CIT) before isolation significantly affects transplantation. The goal of this study was to determine the maximum safe CIT of whole pancreata before islet isolation.Materials and Methods
Pancreata were rapidly removed from Yorkshire pigs (age, 14–22 days) and stored in modified University of Wisconsin solution or in EuroCollins solution at 4°C. Pancreata were processed with <1 hour CIT (control) or stored for 4 or 12 hours before isolation. Islet yield and percent purity and viability were determined after 7 days of in vitro tissue culture and maturation. Samples from nonprocessed pancreata were collected and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 24 hours of preservation, then analyzed for adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate ratio as a measure of tissue energetics.Results
Up to 12 hours in cold storage had no significant impact on overall islet yield after 7 days of in vitro culture compared with controls; islet yield at the end of the maturation process was 28,700 ± 500 islet equivalents per pancreas (mean ± SEM control yield, 30,300 ± 900 islet equivalents per pancreas); islet purity was 75 ± 5% compared with 74 ± 5% in controls. Islet viability was significantly reduced at 12 hours compared with controls (80 ± 6% vs 96 ± 5%; P < .05). The tissue adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate ratio was maintained within the first 6 hours (1.6 ± 0.1 to 1.8 ± 0.2; P = NS) but was markedly increased during the 24-hour study (3.3 ± 0.1 at 24 hours), indicating a progressive loss of adenosine triphosphate tissue stores.Conclusions
Young pig pancreata can be hypothermically stored for up to 12 hours without affecting islet yield and purity; however, islet viability is reduced. These data highlight the need for uniform shipping parameters to standardize islet quality, ideally with CIT <6 hours. 相似文献10.