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1.
Marike Gabrielson Mattias Hammarström Magnus Bäcklund Jenny Bergqvist Kristina Lång Ann H Rosendahl Signe Borgquist Roxanna Hellgren Kamila Czene Per Hall 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2023,152(11):2362-2372
Tamoxifen prevents recurrence of breast cancer and is suggested for preventive risk-reducing therapy. Tamoxifen reduces mammographic density, a proxy for therapy response, but little is known about its effects in remodelling normal breast tissue. Our study, a substudy within the double-blinded dose-determination trial KARISMA, investigated tamoxifen-specific changes in breast tissue composition and histological markers in healthy women. We included 83 healthy women randomised to 6 months daily intake of 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1 mg of tamoxifen or placebo. The groups were combined to “no dose” (0-1 mg), “low-dose” (2.5-5 mg) or “high-dose” (10-20 mg) of tamoxifen. Ultrasound-guided biopsies were collected before and after tamoxifen exposure. In each biopsy, epithelial, stromal and adipose tissues was quantified, and expression of epithelial and stromal Ki67, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) analysed. Mammographic density using STRATUS was measured at baseline and end-of-tamoxifen-exposure. We found that different doses of tamoxifen reduced mammographic density and glandular-epithelial area in premenopausal women and associated with reduced epithelium and increased adipose tissue. High-dose tamoxifen also decreased epithelial ER and PR expressions in premenopausal women. Premenopausal women with the greatest reduction in proliferation also had the greatest epithelial reduction. In postmenopausal women, high-dose tamoxifen decreased the epithelial area with no measurable density decrease. Tamoxifen at both low and high doses influences breast tissue composition and expression of histological markers in the normal breast. Our findings connect epithelial proliferation with tissue remodelling in premenopausal women and provide novel insights to understanding biological mechanisms of primary prevention with tamoxifen. 相似文献
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Caroline Williamsson Jenny Rystedt Bodil Andersson 《HPB : the official journal of the International Hepato Pancreato Biliary Association》2021,23(6):847-853
BackgroundLittle is known of possible gender differences in treatment of periampullary tumours and outcome after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), and the aim of this study was therefore to investigate any variances from national multicentre perspective.MethodsData from the Swedish National Registry for Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancer for all patients diagnosed with a periampullary tumour from 2012 throughout 2017 was collected. The material was analysed in two groups, men and women, for palliative treatment and curative intended resection.ResultsA total of 5677 patients were included, 2906 (51%) men and 2771 (49%) women. Women were older than men, 72 (65–78) years vs. 70 (64–76), p < 0.001. A lesser proportion of women were planned for resection (1131 (41%) vs. 1288 (44%), p = 0.008), but after adjusting for age and tumour location no difference was seen. Postoperative morbidity was equal, but women had significantly better long-term survival than men. The survival was equal for palliative men and women.ConclusionNo gender bias could be established when analysing treatment for periampullary tumours in Sweden, even though less women were offered surgery. Data suggest that even though women were older they tolerate surgery well and hence offering PD at a higher age for women could be suggested. 相似文献
7.
K. Jean Forney PhD Jenny H. Jo MA Gabriella Pucci BS Christopher R. France PhD 《The International journal of eating disorders》2021,54(12):2223-2228
Fear is central to conceptualizations of weight and shape-focused eating disorders. The current study will examine the reliability and validity of a test meal paradigm that varies perceptions of fat content to manipulate fear. Undergraduate women with elevated eating pathology (N = 96) will be randomized to one of three test meal conditions: two “low” fat yogurts, two “high” fat yogurts, or one “high” fat and one “low” fat yogurt. In actuality, all yogurts will have the same fat content. Supporting reliability, we hypothesize that self-reported fear and electrodermal activity (psychophysiological index of fear-related arousal) will exhibit good test–retest reliability over a 48-hr period in the “high” fat/“high” fat and “low” fat/“low” fat conditions. Supporting construct validity, self-reported fear and electrodermal activity will be elevated during the “high” versus “low” fat condition and responses to the “high" fat condition will correlate with fear of food, eating, and weight gain. Supporting discriminant validity, self-reported disgust and anger will be comparable in the “high” and “low” fat conditions and will exhibit weak correlations with trait measures of disgust and anger. This experimental paradigm will allow researchers to manipulate fear in order understand the mechanisms by which fear maintains eating pathology. 相似文献
8.
Peter H. Egbers Anna-Liisa Sutt Jenny E. Petersson Liza Bergström Eva Sundman 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》2023,67(10):1403-1413
Background
Weaning from mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy after prolonged intensive care consume enormous resources with optimal management not currently well described. Restoration of respiratory flow via the upper airway is essential and early cuff-deflation using a one-way valve (OWV) is recommended. However, extended OWV use may cause dry airways and thickened secretions which challenge the weaning process. High-flow therapy via the tracheostomy tube (HFT-T) humidifies inspired air and may be connected via an in-line OWV (HFT-T-OWV) alleviating these problems. We aim to provide clinical and experimental data on the safety of HFT-T-OWV along with a practical guide to facilitate clinical use during weaning from mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy.Methods
Data on adverse events of HFT-T-OWV were retrieved from a quality register for patients treated at an intensive care rehabilitation center between 2019 and 2022. Benchtop experiments were performed to measure maximum pressures and pressure support generated by HFT-T-OWV at 25–60 L/min flow using two different HFT-T adapters (interfaces). In simulated airway obstruction using a standard OWV (not in-line) maximum pressures were measured with oxygen delivered via the side port at 1–3 L/min.Results
Of 128 tracheostomized patients who underwent weaning attempts, 124 were treated with HFT-T-OWV. The therapy was well tolerated, and no adverse events related to the practice were detected. The main reason for not using HFT-T-OWV was partial upper airway obstruction using a OWV. Benchtop experiments demonstrated HFT-T-OWV maximum pressures <4 cmH2O and pressure support 0–0.6 cmH2O. In contrast, 1–3 L/min supplemental oxygen via a standard OWV caused pressures between 84 and 148 cmH2O during simulated airway obstruction.Conclusions
Current study clinical data and benchtop experiments indicate that HFT-T-OWV was well tolerated and appeared safe. Pressure support was low, but humidification may enable extended use of a OWV without dry airway mucosa and thickened secretions. Results suggest the treatment could offer advantages to standard OWV use, with or without supplementary oxygen, as well as to HFT-T without a OWV, for weaning from mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. However, for definitive treatment recommendations, randomized clinical trials are needed. 相似文献9.
Ram n Cantero-Cid Karla Marina Montalb n-Hern ndez Jenny Guevara Alejandro Pascual-Iglesias Elisa Pulido Jos Carlos Casalvilla Crist bal Marcano Cristina Barrag n Serrano Jaime Valent n Gloria Cristina Bonel-P rez Jos Avenda o-Ortiz Ver nica Terr n Roberto Lozano-Rodr guez Alejandro Mart n-Quir s Elvira Mar n Eva Pena Laura Guerra-Pastri n Eduardo L pez-Collazo Luis Augusto Aguirre 《World journal of gastrointestinal oncology》2022,14(1):295-318
10.
Akbil Bengisu Meyer Tim Stubbemann Paula Thibeault Charlotte Staudacher Olga Niemeyer Daniela Jansen Jenny Mühlemann Barbara Doehn Jan Tabeling Christoph Nusshag Christian Hirzel Cédric Sanchez David Sökler Nieters Alexandra Lother Achim Duerschmied Daniel Schallner Nils Lieberum Jan Nikolaus August Dietrich Rieg Siegbert Falcone Valeria Hengel Hartmut Kölsch Uwe Unterwalder Nadine Hübner Ralf-Harto Jones Terry C. Suttorp Norbert Drosten Christian Warnatz Klaus Spinetti Thibaud Schefold Joerg C. Dörner Thomas Sander Leif Erik Corman Victor M. Merle Uta Kurth Florian von Bernuth Horst Meisel Christian Goffinet Christine 《Journal of clinical immunology》2022,42(6):1111-1129
Journal of Clinical Immunology - Six to 19% of critically ill COVID-19 patients display circulating auto-antibodies against type I interferons (IFN-AABs). Here, we establish a clinically applicable... 相似文献