某市干部人群“三高”疾病患病情况及其健康干预需求的调查分析

目的对内蒙古地区中老年人群的重点慢性病(高血压病、糖尿病、高血脂症)患病情况、健康干预需求进行调查分析,为慢性病的健康管理提供理论依据。方法选取2016年1月~12月在内蒙古自治区人民医院体检科体检的924名40岁以上的中老年干部人群,体检前进行问卷调查,了解其健康随访需求情况,然后对体检结果、健康随访需求进行回顾性分析。结果 924名体检者中,高血压病的检出率为41.3%,糖尿病的检出率为18.3%,高血脂症的检出率为49.9%,均高于全国平均水平。年龄≤80岁的体检人群中,高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的患病率与年龄呈正相关。40~60岁体检人群中,男性的高血压和糖尿病患病率明显高于女性,而女性人群的高脂血症患病率却远远高于男性,与年龄无关。需求问卷分析结果示,人们对健康管理的需求随着年龄的增长而增加,40~60岁人群的需求最低,仅有12%;80岁以上人群的需求率最高,达70.4%。结论内蒙古地区中老年人群的重点慢性病患病率高于全国慢性病患病率水平,应加强该地区人群慢性病的健康管理,60岁以下的在职干部人群保健意识淡薄,是慢性病个体化健康管理的重点人群。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

间接血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验检测鼠疫指示动物犬血清F1抗体的一致性研究

为了解鼠疫指示动物犬类在广西鼠疫自然疫源地生态系统中的功能及作用,2006年作者在广西隆林、西林县鼠疫监测点收集犬血清,进行间接血凝试验(IHA)及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),利用Kappa值比较两种方法的一致性,评价其在鼠疫监测中的重要性与可靠性,结果报道如下.     

间接血凝试验和酶联免疫吸附试验检测鼠疫指示动物犬血清F1抗体的一致性研究

为了解鼠疫指示动物犬类在广西鼠疫自然疫源地生态系统中的功能及作用,2006年作者在广西隆林、西林县鼠疫监测点收集犬血清,进行间接血凝试验(IHA)及酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),利用Kappa值比较两种方法的一致性,评价其在鼠疫监测中的重要性与可靠性,结果报道如下.     

广西鼠疫指示动物犬血清IHA、ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的一致性研究

目的 了解应用IHA、ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的一致性,评价方法的优劣,以便更好地制订鼠疫监测的方法及防治策略.方法 对广西鼠疫监测点隆林、西林县的犬血清使用IHA及ELISA两种试验方法,并进行一致性研究,评价IHA与ELISA方法的可靠性.结果 IHA检测鼠疫F1抗体阳性率为0,ELISA检测鼠疫F1抗体的总阳性率为4.4%(12/273);IHA与ELISA之间的一致性为95.6%,其Kappa值等于0,呈轻度一致.结论 间接血凝试验方法特异、操作简便是传统的鼠疫监测手段之一;酶联免疫吸附试验具有敏感性高、特异性强、操作简便等特点,且与间接血凝试验有轻度一致性,适宜在鼠疫监测中推广应用.     

应用人—鼠杂交瘤技术制备抗绿脓杆菌人单克隆抗体的初步研究

The fusion of peripheral B lymphocytes from human immunized with P. aeruginosa polyvalent vaccine and mouse myeloma cell line SP2/0 was successfully performed. The rate of fusion was 74%(71/96) and the positive rate of antibody was 19.7%. Two hybridoma cell lines (A3 and F8) secreting McAb against P. aeruginosa were obtained after three times cloning by limiting dilution. The human chromosomes together with mouse chromosomes were discovered in karyotype assay of the hybrids. A3 and F8McAbs were human IgG by class determination. These MrcAbs could recognize 43 kd and 36 kd MW specific components of P. aeruginosa antigen by enzyme linked immuno-transfer blot technique.     

PCR方法快速检测炭疽芽孢杆菌

目的：快速检测炭疽芽孢杆菌。方法：质粒提取及PCR扩增。结果：用两对引物扩增，阳性样本可分别扩出两条877bp和1089bp左右的条带，阴林样本未扩增出。结论：所采用的方法可快速检测出环境中的炭疽芽孢杆菌，并可对其致病性进行评价。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

青藏铁路沿线鼠疫生态与控制研究

目的通过研究和整理青藏铁路沿线人间鼠疫流行病学资料、喜马拉雅旱獭生态学和鼠疫流行病学资料、鼠疫细菌学特征以及2001~2006年鼠疫监测资料,总结出青藏铁路沿线鼠疫生态学基本内容,确定青藏铁路鼠疫综合防控策略。方法人间鼠疫资料通过查阅历史资料;利用微卫星技术研究旱獭生态学;现场调查方法研究疫源地结构、动物和昆虫种群结构;实验室常规检测鼠疫菌的生化、营养、毒力、药敏和遗传物质;藏系绵羊鼠疫和青海田鼠鼠疫调查按照《国家鼠疫监测方案》中的方法进行。结果自1966年以来青藏铁路沿线已累计发生人间鼠疫疫情11起,发病43人,死亡23人,病死率53.48%;喜马拉雅旱獭的繁殖与种群密度有关联性,旱獭对栖息地的选择与地形地貌和植被有关,所研究的各旱獭种群之间亲缘性较近;青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫菌属于青藏高原型,对Trp、Thr、Leu、Arg不依赖,而对Phe、M et、Cys依赖,对Ile和G lu表现出低营养。属于强毒力菌株,对广谱抗生素敏感,尤其对头孢类、喹诺酮类药物敏感。青藏铁路沿线的鼠疫菌都具有6、45 Mdal,大质粒分别为52 Mdal或65 Mdal或92 Mdal。结论本研究揭示了青藏铁路沿线宿主、媒介、病原体的生态学特点,掌握了人间和动物间鼠疫流行规律,为青藏铁路鼠疫防治提供了科学依据,并且可以改变目前鼠疫监测技术和方法的落后局面,对全国鼠疫监测工作具有重要的指导意义。     

鼠疫菌特异基因的克隆表达和抗原性分析

目的 在大肠埃希菌中克隆表达鼠疫菌特异基因(YPO1089.pst、ymt),分析重组蛋白的抗原性.方法 利用PCR技术扩增目的 基因,PCR产物经纯化、双酶切后,与质粒载体pET-30a(+)相连接并转化大肠埃希菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞.经异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达目标蛋白,并进行10%的变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,蛋白免疫印迹分析其特异性,最后采用亲和层析法纯化诱导表达的融合蛋白.结果 成功构建了pET-YPO1089、pET-pst和pET-ymt 3个重组表达质粒,经优化诱导表达条件,重组的rYP01089、rPst和rYmt在大肠埃希菌中均得到了稳定高效地表达;免疫印迹结果表明重组的rPst可与鼠疫阳性血清发生特异性的免疫反应;目标蛋白经纯化后纯度可达95%以上.结论 鼠疫菌的特异性抗原能够在原核蛋白表达系统中获得高效表达,rPst具有敏感且特异的免疫学特性,实验结果为开发新型鼠疫诊断试剂奠定了基础.