~(60)钴辐照法对生物羊膜中人类免疫缺陷病毒灭活效果的研究

目的研究60钴辐照法对生物羊膜中污染的人免疫缺陷病毒灭活效果。方法采用细胞培养法,对辐照法灭活生物羊膜中人工污染HIV-1ⅢB病毒效果进行观察。结果经辐照剂量为25 k Gy处理,可使污染在生物羊膜制品的HIV-1ⅢB病毒滴度下降6.5个log以上。处理后生物羊膜制品经细胞培养盲传三代,均未出现细胞病变。结论 25 k Gy辐照法能够完全灭活生物羊膜产品中污染的人免疫缺陷病毒。     

1996-2014年中国HIV-1毒株CRF01_AE亚型传播簇和传播网络研究

目的 了解我国HIV-1毒株CRF01_AE亚型在省内和省际的传播规律和风险因素,为实施精准干预提供参考依据。方法 收集我国19个省份1996-2014年已有的2 094条CRF01_AE pol区基因序列,利用PhyML 3.0软件构建系统进化树,确定传播簇,利用Cytoscape 3.6.0软件构建传播网络,结合背景信息分析传播风险。结果 发现82个传播簇,包含255条序列（12.18%,255/2 094）,省内传播簇数量和包含序列数（61个,173条）明显多于跨省传播簇（21个,82条）。传播簇中男男性传播人群的成簇比例随时间上升趋势明显,由1996-2008年的2.41%（2/83）上升为2013-2014年的23.61%（72/305）（χ²=27.800,df=1,P=0.000）。跨省传播簇的男男性传播人群比例明显高于省内传播簇,由1996-2008年的0.67%（2/297）上升为2013-2014年的6.36%（30/472）,具有随时间的上升趋势（χ²=20.276,df=1,P=0.000）。跨省传播簇中男男性传播的比例（86.59%,71/82）明显高于省内传播簇（56.65%,98/173）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=22.792,P=0.000）。含2种及以上传播途径的跨省传播簇的比例（33.33%,7/21）明显高于省内传播簇（13.11%,8/61）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.273,P=0.039）。传播网络分析发现,跨省传播簇内高传播风险人群比例（51.22%,42/82）明显高于省内传播簇（26.59%,46/173）,差异有统计学意义（χ²=14.932,P=0.000）。跨省传播簇以男男性传播人群为主。结论 我国HIV-1毒株CRF01_AE亚型存在复杂的传播网络,跨省传播簇快速增长,其中高风险传播者对HIV-1亚型的大范围传播起到重要作用,应深入进行传播网络研究以指导精准干预。     

对in-house HIV-1基因型耐药性检测方法的评价

目的 评价in-house HIV-1基因型耐药检测方法的敏感性与准确性。方法 收集2004年4月至2008年10月全军艾滋病检测中心检测的来自河南、广西130份血浆标本。以美国FDA批准的HIV-1基因型耐药性检测系统(ViroSeqTM v2.0)为参考方法,并与建立起的基因型耐药性检测方法(in-house)平行检测待检样本,比较二者在扩增效率、耐药突变位点检测以及耐药报告等方面的一致性。结果已知的14 850个耐药突变位点中,2种方法可同时对99.3％(14 752/14 850)的耐药突变位点准确检出;在对不同突变位点的检测中,2种方法对蛋白酶抑制剂耐药突变位点、逆转录酶抑制剂耐药突变位点及两类抑制剂耐药突变位点检测一致率分别为99.7％、99.0％和99.3％（Kappa值分别为0.909 9、0.952 1和0.948 8,P值均＜0.01）;2种方法出具的两类药物的耐药结果报告一致率94.6％（Kappa=0.637 4,P＜0.01）。本研究共检测到34个ViroSeqTM数据库(ViroSeqTM software v2.7)未收录位点,其中2个突变位点对耐药的影响较大。结论in-house基因型耐药性检测方法与ViroSeqTM基因型耐药性检测系统在耐药突变位点检测以及评价上具有高度一致性,是一种快速准确、性价比高的HIV-1基因型耐药检测方法,同时在耐药数据库方面具有一定优势。     

WuT系列试剂检测我国不同地区艾滋病病人CD4和CD8细胞相对计数的效果评价

目的评价武汉生物制品研究所WuT系列CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂,检测我国不同地区的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人CD4和CD8细胞相对计数的效果。方法以美国BD公司的试剂为参比,用CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂分别检测616人的CD4/CD3比值和584人的CD8/CD3的比值,用线性回归方法对结果进行比较。结果CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果有较好的一致性。CD3FITC/CD4PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果呈正相关关系(r=0.956,P<0.01),回归方程为y=0.922x 0.0047;CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂与参比试剂的检测结果也呈正相关关系(r=0.941,P<0.01),回归方程为y=0.9464x 0.0097。结论WuT系列CD3FITC/CD4PE和CD3FITC/CD8PE试剂检测我国不同地区艾滋病病人的CD4和CD8细胞的相对计数取得较好的效果。     

ASPCR检测微量HIV-1 K103N耐药突变方法的建立

目的 建立检测微量HIV-1 K103N耐药突变的等位基因特异扩增实时定量PCR(allele-specific real-time PCR,ASPCR)方法,用于微量K103N耐药突变的检测和分析.方法 首先建立检测K103N耐药突变的ASPCR方法,然后对方法进行验证,最后采用ASPCR方法检测对照样本.构建含K103N突变的质粒作为标准品,然后设计特异性引物用以区分野生型和突变型模板,采用SYBR green法进行实时定量PCR,并绘制标准曲线.分别采用特异性和非特异性引物扩增模板,根据二者Ct(cycle threshold)值结合相应的标准曲线判断是否存在K103N突变及突变比例.对ASPCR检测K103N突变位点的特异性、敏感性、准确性、重复性等进行验证.结果 特异性和非特异性引物扩增等量野生型模板的Ct值之差(△Ct)可达13.56;当突变比例小于0.1%时仍具有良好的准确性;批内变异系数小于0.7,批间变异系数小于1.6;检测灵敏度可达0.01%.检测阴性对照样本的△Ct显著高于临界值,阳性对照样本检测结果均为刚性.结论 ASPCR是一种快速、灵敏、准确的检测HIV-1微量耐药突变的方法,可为临床抗病毒治疗提供理论指导.     

经输血感染的HIV/AIDS患者HIV-1耐药基因突变研究

目的 研究经输血感染的HIV-1遗传基因突变特征,分析其对抗HIV药物的耐药性.方法 经输血感染HIV-1的患者37例,从血浆提取HIV-1 RNA,运用RT-PCR和巢式聚合酶链反应(nested-PCR)扩增HIV-1 pol区基因片段,并对电泳阳性的目的片段进行测序,将结果提交到http://HIVdb.stanford.edu,分析HIV-1的耐药突变情况.结果 37例患者中共20例发生耐药突变,其中19例为病毒学或免疫学失败.3例患者在治疗过程中发生了蛋白酶抑制剂(PIs)位点突变,主要位点突变为V32AV,但未引发PIs耐药.有23例患者发生了反转录酶编码区基因突变,包括M184V、TAMs、Q151M复合体、K103N、Y181C等,其中20例HIV-1遗传基因的突变不同程度地导致了反转录酶抑制剂(RTIs)耐药,发生率为54.1％(20/37).结论 经血液感染HIV-1患者在参加抗病毒治疗后耐药发生率较高,应适时进行耐药监测,及时更新治疗方案.     

HIV-1 B′亚型CNHN24毒株 5′端和3′端长末端重复序列的测定及全基因组克隆的构建

目的：对我国HIV-1 B′亚型CNHN24毒株5′端和3′端长末端重复序列（LTR）进行扩增及测序并构建全基因组克隆。方法：利用PCR扩增出5′LTR和3′LTR片段；并利用高保真DNA聚合酶分别扩增出病毒全基因组的5′半分子和3′半分子DNA，然后依次将其克隆入低拷贝载体pLG338。结果与结论：完成CNHN24毒株5′LTR和3′LTR的测序并提交至GenBank，其登录号分别为AY860947和AY894352，使CNHN24株成为具有完整全序列的HIV毒株；获得可以稳定传代的全基因组克隆质粒pCN24，利用此克隆转染293T细胞后可以产生恢复病毒。     

用噬菌体表面展示技术筛选与肝癌细胞系结合的抗体模拟肽

目的:从噬菌体展示肽库中,筛选可与肝癌细胞特异性结合的抗体模拟肽。方法:通过生物淘选使噬菌体富集。利用ELISA法,鉴定噬菌体单克隆原种的亲和性,并进行统计学分析。通过竞争ELISA,分析筛选所得抗体模拟肽的结合位点,并进一步分析抗体模拟肽的序列组成。结果:随着淘选次数的增加,出现噬菌体的富集。ELISA的结果显示,相对于正常肝细胞,筛选所得环状7肽对肝癌细胞系SMMC7721和BEL7402均有良好的结合活性(P<0.05),且与SMMC7721细胞的结合活性明显优于与BEL7402细胞的亲和性(P<0.05)。在α=0.01的水平上,7肽单克隆噬菌体原种可明显与scFv竞争结合SMMC7721细胞(0.005相似文献   

河南某农村接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者HIV-1耐药发生的六年队列分析

Objective To analyze the occurring rules of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)drug resistance under an unique therapy model among HIV-1 infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural areas of Henan, China. Methods A cohort of 75 individuals on an ART regimen of zidovudine (ZDV) , dideoxyinosine (ddI) and nevirapine (NVP) was established in March 2003. A total of 12 surveillances were conducted and 788 person-times were studied until 2010. The parameters of CD4 cell count and viral load (VL) were tested in each survey. And genotypic resistance testing was performed in patients with a failure of viral suppression. Survival analysis was used to estimate the occurrence time of resistance. Results The cumulative mortality rate was 16% (12/75) in the cohort. And the cumulative resistance rate was 88% (66/75) from 2004 to 2010. The rate of resistance reached 54. 7% and the probability from susceptibility to drugs developing resistance decreased drastically from 100% to 45. 3% within the first 1 year of initiation. The occurrence time of resistance for half of individuals in the cohort was at 12.0 months(95% CI 8. 6 - 17. 0)after initiation, 25. 1 months(95%C/19.0-33. 3)in those whose VL was less than 4. 0 lgU/ml and 4. 8 months (95% CI 4.1 - 5. 6) at VL ＞ 4. 0 lgU/ml during the first investigation. The individuals with an early occurrence of resistance within 12 months carried high risks for afailure of viral suppression and a decrease of CD4 counts. Conclusion The occurrence of resistance rises with the course of therapy. And the greatest probability for resistance is within the first 1 year of initial therapy. A high level of VL has a significant impact on the development of resistance. Preventing the occurrence of resistance during the initial therapy remains a key goal.     

河南某农村接受抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者HIV-1耐药发生的六年队列分析

Objective To analyze the occurring rules of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)drug resistance under an unique therapy model among HIV-1 infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural areas of Henan, China. Methods A cohort of 75 individuals on an ART regimen of zidovudine (ZDV) , dideoxyinosine (ddI) and nevirapine (NVP) was established in March 2003. A total of 12 surveillances were conducted and 788 person-times were studied until 2010. The parameters of CD4 cell count and viral load (VL) were tested in each survey. And genotypic resistance testing was performed in patients with a failure of viral suppression. Survival analysis was used to estimate the occurrence time of resistance. Results The cumulative mortality rate was 16% (12/75) in the cohort. And the cumulative resistance rate was 88% (66/75) from 2004 to 2010. The rate of resistance reached 54. 7% and the probability from susceptibility to drugs developing resistance decreased drastically from 100% to 45. 3% within the first 1 year of initiation. The occurrence time of resistance for half of individuals in the cohort was at 12.0 months(95% CI 8. 6 - 17. 0)after initiation, 25. 1 months(95%C/19.0-33. 3)in those whose VL was less than 4. 0 lgU/ml and 4. 8 months (95% CI 4.1 - 5. 6) at VL ＞ 4. 0 lgU/ml during the first investigation. The individuals with an early occurrence of resistance within 12 months carried high risks for afailure of viral suppression and a decrease of CD4 counts. Conclusion The occurrence of resistance rises with the course of therapy. And the greatest probability for resistance is within the first 1 year of initial therapy. A high level of VL has a significant impact on the development of resistance. Preventing the occurrence of resistance during the initial therapy remains a key goal.