4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

我国秋季型恙虫病地方特点及流行状况分析

恙虫病是由恙虫病东方体引起的自然疫源性疾病,根据其流行的季节特征大致分为夏季型、秋季型和冬季型3种类型,各种类型的恙虫病流行特征存在较大的差异。本文根据我国文献报道秋季型恙虫病疫情资料进行分析,归纳总结了我国秋季恙虫病的一些主要的流行特征,为制定秋季型恙虫病预防控制措施提供参考和依据。     

四川震灾区湿疹病人皮肤菌群分析

2008年5月12日的四川大地震,导致大量房屋倒塌毁坏,使人们的生活环境发生了巨大的变化,帐篷成为许多人的临时住所.调查发现,地震期间,许多居住在帐篷的人患了湿疹性皮肤瘙痒症.为了解细菌等因素在其致病中的作用,我们对皮肤病患者患处的菌群分布进行了调查分析,现将结果报告如下.     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

盐城市2006-2010年恙虫病流行病学研究

目的研究2006-2010年盐城市恙虫病流行病学及病原学特点,探讨防制对策。方法系统收集恙虫病疫情,检测病人血液中恙虫病东方体及进行相关分子生物学研究,开展人群及动物恙虫病血清流行病学调查。结果盐城市2006-2010年共报告399例恙虫病病例,各县(市)均有疫情发生。每年疫情始于10月,11月为高峰,终于12月。病人以中老年为主。从1例病人血液中分离出恙虫病东方体,经分子技术测定及目的基因同源性比较,基因型别属Kawasaki。15岁以上人群血清抗恙虫病东方体IgG阳性率为1.85%,牛的血清阳线率为3.40%。结论盐城市各县(市)均发现恙虫病疫源地,疫情将持续流行,病原体基因型别未发生变化。     

猪链球菌脉冲场凝胶电泳分析方法的建立

目的 建立一种可共享的猪链球菌脉冲场凝胶电泳分析(PFGE)方法.方法 利用PulseNet技术优化猪链球菌PFGE分子分型方法,提出新的分析方案,包括胶块的制备、内切酶的选择、电泳条件等.利用DNAStar的Mapdraw软件对猪链球菌基因组序列进行分析,发现在242种内切酶中,Swa Ⅰ、Sma Ⅰ、Apa Ⅰ种酶比较适合.结果 通过对34个血清型共100株菌的分析,发现使用Swa Ⅰ可获得59种带型,使用Sma Ⅰ可获得53种带型,使用Apa Ⅰ可获得43种带型.其中以Swa Ⅰ的分辨率最好.结论 提出猪链球菌的Swa Ⅰ PFGE分析方法,并对条件进行优化,较原方法所需时间短、图像清晰,更具有可重复性,基本具备推广的条件.     

16SrRNA基因克隆文库用于菌群分析的效能研究和评价

目的建立16SrRNA基因克隆文库进行菌群相对定量的方法，评价其对细菌的检测效率以及对混合菌群巾低含量细菌的分析能力。方法取脆弱类杆菌等9种细菌以相同及级差比例制备细菌悬液，分别用或不用变溶菌素处理后，用试剂盒提取核酸，16SrRNA基因通用引物进行PCR扩增、纯化、连接、克隆和测序，建立16SrRNA基因克隆文库，将序列与数据库进行比对分析。结果相同比例制备的菌悬液，加或不加变溶菌素提取的核酸，掺入的9种细菌均可检出。级差比例制备的菌悬液，加变溶菌素提取核酸，掺入的9种细菌均可检出；不加变溶菌素提取核酸，数量少难裂解的革兰阳性菌双歧杆菌未能检出。混合菌悬液中各种细菌的比例与文库反映的各种细菌的比例有数量对应关系，但不是线性对应关系。结论16SrRNA基因序列分析是一种较好的细菌菌群分析方法，它可以同时检出多种细菌，并能对混合细菌标本进行菌群相对定量，反映菌群中各种细菌的丰度，但不能准确定量菌群中各种细菌的数量。     

四川省一起伴中毒性休克综合征的人感染猪链球菌2型暴发

目的 调查2005年7月中旬四川省资阳市一家医院报告5例以败血症休克为主要临床表现的聚集性病例的病因。方法 建立了病例主动发现、报告的加强监测系统，根据病例的流行病学暴露史和临床表现进行临床诊断；采集患者标本进行细菌分离培养和生化反应鉴定，应用PCR方法对猪链球菌2型的种属和毒力基因进行检测和序列测定；与当地往年报告的流行性脑脊髓膜炎发病数进行比较。结果 2005年6月10日至8月21日，四川省共报告了68例实验室确诊人感染猪链球菌病例，发病前都有屠宰、洗切、加工等病（死）猪的直接暴露史。其中26例（38％）表现为中毒性休克综合征，15例（58％）死亡。其他病例临床表现为轻型败血症或脑膜炎。分离菌株应用PCR方法检测猪链球菌2型的种属和毒力基因（tuf、16S rRNA、cps2J、mrp、sly、ef）均为阳性。同期还报告了136例有相似暴露史，但缺乏实验室确诊依据的临床诊断病例。结论 证实该起发生在四川省部分农村地区直接暴露于病（死）猪后的疾病为猪链球菌2型感染暴发。推测这种罕见的、表现为高病死率的中毒性休克综合征可能是由于感染某种高致病性菌株循环所致。     

一种快速检测患者血液标本猪链球菌方法的研究

目的建立一种快速检测患者血液标本中猪链球菌的方法。方法收集患者血液标本。提取细菌金基因组DNA；根据猪链球菌6个特异基因设计引物，采用PCR技术对这些基因进行检测，并对PCR扩增阳性的基因产物进行序列分析验证，并分析该方法诊断猪链球菌病的特异性和敏感性。结果取唾液链球菌等6种链球菌进行验证，该检测方法的特异性为100％。模拟标本（细菌含量〉10^3个／ml）的敏感性为100％，血培养阳性病人标本的敏感性为100％。通过对90份血培养阴性临床标本的检测，9份PCR结果阳性，序列分析结果证实扩增片段为目的基因。结论该方法灵敏、特异、快速。可直接用于患者血液标本的猪链球菌特异性基因的检测，为猪链球菌感染的早期诊断提供实验室依据。