三维面部影像在面部软组织不对称研究中的进展

面部美学是口腔医学关注的重点内容，而面部软组织对称性是影响面部美学的重要因素，近年来随着三维面部扫描技术及相关软件的发展，使得客观准确地评价面部软组织不对称性成为可能，相较于CBCT技术而言，该法更为便捷且无需担心辐射对患者的影响，因此在临床应用中有比较大的潜力。本文回顾了近年来利用三维面部影像分析面部不对称性的相关研究，梳理了该领域的发展方向以及具体的应用领域。     

敲低MSX2抑制小鼠成釉细胞釉基质蛋白表达及牙釉质形成

目的研究肌节同源结构域同源框基因2(MSX2)对小鼠成釉细胞釉基质蛋白的表达及牙釉质形成的影响。方法免疫化学染色检测出生后小鼠牙胚MSX2的表达情况及其在成釉细胞中的定位;设计并合成靶向小鼠MSX2基因的短发夹RNA(shRNA)寡聚单链DNA,将退火成双链的DNA构建到RNAi慢病毒载体pG MLV-SC5中,包装慢病毒;慢病毒感染成釉细胞,实时荧光定量PCR筛选最佳干扰片段,并检测釉原蛋白(Amelx)、成釉蛋白(Ambn)、釉蛋白(Enam)、釉成熟蛋白(Amtn)及激肽释放酶4(Klk4)在mRNA水平表达的改变。通过分离小鼠E18.5牙胚并感染靶向MSX2的RNAi重组慢病毒,种植于小鼠肾囊膜下,10周后,取出组织,分离并观察牙齿结构。结果 MSX2在小鼠成釉细胞分泌期及成熟期均有表达,但分泌期表达信号较弱,成熟期较强。成功包装靶向MSX2基因的RNAi慢病毒MSX2-shRNA,敲低MSX2基因表达可不同程度地降低成釉细胞Amelx及Klk4的mRNA水平。靶向MSX2基因的RNAi慢病毒感染牙胚后其牙釉质矿化程度降低。结论 MSX2基因在小鼠成釉细胞中表达,敲低成釉细胞MSX2并促进釉基质蛋白基因的表达和牙釉质的矿化。     

肺癌免疫治疗临床试验进展

手术联合放化疗是肺癌常规治疗手段,但术后复发十分常见,患者死亡率高,生命质量较低。而术后免疫治疗可充分调动患者的机体防御机制,激活免疫细胞,杀灭残留癌细胞。目前关于肺癌免疫治疗的研究成果主要包括4大类：过继性免疫治疗、树突状细胞疫苗、非特异性抗原免疫治疗和抗原特异性疫苗。这些研究成果均表明肺癌术后免疫治疗干预可有效减少癌细胞残留,降低术后复发率,延长患者生存时间,显著改善预后,值得临床推广。     

织物基表面生物电干电极的性能评价仪器及方法

为定量评价织物基表面生物电干电极的性能,本课题组在无源测量方案的基础上开发了一套能够模拟心电信号的有源测量仪器。本文研究共选择5种银/氯化银(Ag/AgCl)织物基表面生物电干电极对仪器进行了测试和评估。研究结果显示,峰值时间间隔的偏差率均小于1%,电压幅度衰减率的最大值为7.2%,噪声幅度均低于0.004 mV;峰值时间偏移量的变异系数低于8%,电压幅度的变异系数低于2%,噪声幅度的变异系数低于10%。研究表明,该仪器在测量模拟心电信号时有良好的可重复性和稳定性。本文提出的有源测量仪器能够为表面生物电干电极的性能评价和标准制定提供一种新方法。     

重症肢体缺血的中西医治疗进展

慢性下肢动脉硬化闭塞症引起的重症下肢缺血是血管外科治疗的难题,临床治疗包括药物治疗、外科手术、腔内手术、腔内手术和介入手术结合的杂交手术、干细胞移植及中医中药治疗,以上各方面治疗均取得可喜的成绩,现综述如下。     

2012 EAU 和 AUA 微创技术新进展

2012年的欧洲泌尿外科学会(EAU)年会和美国泌尿外科学会(AUA)年会分别于2月24 - 28日和5月19 - 23日在法国巴黎和美国亚特兰大召开.今年EAU和AUA年会有关泌尿外科微创技术的讨论热点是对现有微创手术技术适应证的探讨和如何提高微创手术技术的治疗效果. 一、腹腔镜和机器人技术     

胸腺上皮细胞与神经内分泌免疫网络

胸腺上皮细胞(TEC)是胸腺基质细胞的主要成分,它为胸腺细胞的成熟提供了适宜的细胞和体液微环境。TEC可产生多种细胞因子、胸腺激素和神经内分泌多肽并表达相应的受体,它们与神经系统和内分泌系统相互影响、相互协调,共同维护机体内环境的稳定。     

长链非编码RNA HOTAIR在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA HOTAIR(lnc RNA HOTAIR)在胃癌组织中的表达情况及其临床意义。方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测42例胃癌患者癌组织与癌旁组织中HOTAIR的表达水平,分析lnc RNA HOTAIR表达水平与临床病理特征之间的关系。结果:胃癌组织中lnc RNA HOTAIR表达阳性率较癌旁组织明显升高,癌组织中lnc RNA HOTAIR表达与肿瘤分化程度及临床分期密切相关。结论:胃癌组织中HOTAIR的表达明显升高,且癌组织分化越低,HOTAIR表达越高,可以将HOTAIR作为判断胃癌恶性程度的一个分子标志。     

晚期居家宁养肿瘤患者的生存状况研究

目的分析晚期肿瘤患者的生存状况,探讨影响患者生存率和生存时间的因素,为肿瘤的临床实践提供依据。方法对某宁养院收治的674例晚期肿瘤患者进行随访调查,计算其中位生存期、生存率,进行生存分析。结果全部因所患肿瘤死亡病例的中位生存期为12.00个月,平均生存期为25.05个月。1年累计生存率为(0.518±0.020),5年累计生存率为(0.088±0.012)。性别、确诊年龄、原发诊断、手术与否和疼痛出现的时间对生存期的影响有统计学意义。结论晚期肿瘤患者的生存期相对较短,早发现、早确诊,有效的手术治疗和疼痛控制,合理的营养供给和积极的综合干预是延长肿瘤患者生存时间的最主要手段。     

碘过量和多聚肌苷酸-聚胞苷酸及甲状腺球蛋白诱发小鼠甲状腺炎对Toll样受体3表达的影响

Objective To observe the effect of iodine excess(HI),polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid[Poly(I:C),Poly]and thyroglobulin(TG)on the thyroid of mice by the expression of Toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)to reveal the functional role of TLR3 in autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods Forty-two non-obese diabetic mice,body weight (20±3)g,were divided into six groups:control group,HI group,Poly group,TG group,HI+TG group,HI+Poly group. Fed with deionized water and injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline 0.1 ml each day for a week, the mice in control group were injected with physiological saline every other day at the same dose for 1 week before they were sacrificed; HI group drank 0.05% NaI water and were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline same as control group; Poly group drank deionized water and were injected intraperitoneally with poly 0.1 ml (1 g/L)each day of the week, then the mice were injected with Poly every other day at the same dose for 1 week before they were sacrificed; TG group drank deionized water and were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline same as control group, immunized with 0.1 mg TG by subcutaneously injecting and the immunization was enhanced after they were fed half dose for 4 and 8 weeks separately. In HI + Poly group, the treatment was the same as HI group and Poly group; HI + TG group: the treatment was the same as HI group and TG group. Eight weeks later, mice were sacrificed and thyroids were taken to make frozen sections, Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was employed to observe the morphological change of the thyroids. The expression of TLR3 of thyroids was observed under fluorescence microscope after Immumofluorescence using TLR3 antibody and TR3-positive cells were analyzed in the thyroid density. Results HE staining showed thyroids of Poly group had no inflammation under microscope.There were different degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration in HI group and TG group. The inflammatory cell infiltration and the damage of follicular thyroid of HI + TG group and HI + Poly group were serious, and the degrees of inflammation were higher over "++". Thyroid follicular epithelial cell with TLR3 expression could be seen in Poly group and HI group, meanwhile, there were TLR3 strong positive inflammatory cells in HI group under fluorescent microscope. Using stereological analysis of TLR3-positive cell density in the thyroid, the difference between groups was statistically significant(F=7.870, P<0.01 ). TLR3-positive cell density in the thyroid of HI + Poly group was higher[ (9.287 ± 0.522)mm2] than control group[ (0.062 ± 0.025)mm2, P < 0.01] significantly, meanwhile, the density in HI + Poly group was higher than HI group [ (2.574 ± 0.257 )mm2] and Poly group[ (1.361 ± 0.148 )mm2, all P < 0.01]. The density in HI + TG group[ (4.843±0.405)mm2] was higher than HI group and TG group[(1.601 ±0.268)mm2, all P < 0.01 )]. Conclusions Excessive iodine and thyroglobulin can induce thyroiditis, and stimulate the expression of TLR3 in the thyroid follicular epithelial, Poly aggravated thyroiditis induced by iodine excess in NOD mice; TLR3 positive inflammatory cells also appeared in inflammatory region, suggesting that TLR3 is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis