胸部撞击伤时游离Ca2+浓度与中性粒细胞凋亡及肺损伤的关系

目的 :动态观察兔胸部撞击伤时中性粒细胞 (PMN)凋亡的发生以及与肺损伤之间的关系。方法 :制备兔胸部撞击伤模型 ,分离纯化肺灌洗液中的 PMN,应用流式细胞术测定 PMN凋亡、坏死、存活细胞比例及呼吸爆发功能的变化 ,并且观察与乳酸脱氢酶 (L DH)和胞浆游离 Ca2 变化之间的关系。结果 :肺灌洗液中PMN的凋亡延迟持续至 12小时 ,在伤后各时间点活细胞增多 ;而肺灌洗液 PMN呼吸爆发从伤后 2小时即显著增强 ,8小时达到峰值 ;同时肺灌洗液 L DH的升高在伤后 4～ 2 4小时显著高于正常对照组 ;伤后 PMN胞浆游离 Ca2 有短暂升高。结论 :胸部撞击伤时 ,PMN在肺组织中大量扣押 ,且正常的凋亡途径发生障碍 ,造成PMN持续处于激活状态及毒性内容物的持续释放 ,与肺组织损伤有密切关系 ,并且 PMN凋亡延迟可能与胞浆游离 Ca2 的短暂升高有关     

《中图法》第五版医药、卫生类目的修订及意义

《中国图书馆分类法》初版于1975年,第四版于1999年出版,之后10多年间,一直沿用第四版分类法,实践证明,随着时间的推移,第四版分类法已经存在诸如类目体系滞后、类目不够规范化、类目概念与命名不准确等许多问题,尤其是其使用周期过长（改版一次一般使用周期为6—7年）,很多类目已经不适合当前的图书分类,鉴于这种必要性和紧迫性,     

紫杉醇脂质体致过敏性休克患者的用药分析

紫杉醇脂质体是用卵磷脂等将紫杉醇进行包裹,脂质体包裹的抗癌药物进入临床始于20世纪80年代末期。脂质体作为抗癌药物的载体,具有制作简单、对机体无毒,能显著降低药物毒副作用及容易实现肿瘤靶向等优点。经过脂质体包裹后的药物,其溶解性增加,避免和极大的减少了溶媒引起的变态反应。     

大量输血后纤维蛋白原及血小板的临床分析

目的研究大量输血后纤维蛋白原及血小板的变化趋势。方法 35例大量输血患者在输血前、输血后12 h、输血后48 h、输血后96 h各采血1次,检测血小板（PLT）及纤维蛋白原（FIB）的变化。结果输血后12 h PLT及FIB明显降低,与输血前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;输血后48 h PLT有所回升,但与输血前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,FIB则回升至输血前水平,与输血前比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;输血后96 h PLT持续回升,与输血后48 h比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;FIB输血后96 h与输血后48 h比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论应关注大量输血患者PLT及FIB的变化,避免由于大量输血引起凝血功能障碍的发生。     

大学生睡眠质量与人格类型和情绪障碍的关系

睡眠障碍在大学生中较为多见,它严重影响学生的学习、生活和身心健康。本文测评分析621名大学生的睡眠质量、人格类型和情绪障碍,探讨三者间的关系,为提高睡眠质量提供参考。1　资料11　对象:以上海电力学院1～4年级的学生为研究对象,分层抽取650名学生进行调查,资料记录完整纳入统计分析者621名,占实查人数的95.54%,621名学生中男生489名,女生132名,年龄分布为16～24岁,平均年龄为(20.23±1.72)岁。12　方法:采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(ＰＳＱＩ)作为评价睡眠质量的工具[1],ＰＳＱＩ由23个项目构成,可划分为主观睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间…     

对专科生《方剂学》教学的思考

目的 不断改进《方剂学》教学方法，提高教学质量，达到预期教学效果。方法 巩固专业思想，突出配伍特点及组方方法，明确用方指征，注重活跃课堂气氛。结果 掌握方剂组方原则及应用规律。结论 注重教学方法和教学手段，有助于专科生更好地掌握方剂的基本理论和组方能力，为临床实践打下坚实的基础。     

限制性液体复苏对肝脏缺血-再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of limited resuscitation on hepatic ischernia-reperfusion in-jury in rots with hemorrhagic shock. Method Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock was induced in 54 rats by transect-ing the middle branch of the splenic artery to produce standardized massive splenic injury. Resuscitation started when the mean arterial pressure (MAP) reached 40 mmHg. The rats were randomly divided (n = 9per group) in-to sham-operated group (SS), or one of five treatment groups in which infusion of Ringer' s solution was continually administrated to maintain MAP at 40 (RS40), 50 (RS50), 60 (RS60), 80 (RS80) or 100 mmHg (RS100) for 45 minutes (T45 point). After the bleeding was controlled, resuscitation was continued with Ringer's solution and whole blood (2:1) to increase the MAP to 100 mmHg for 120 minutes (T165 point), which was followed by obser-vation for 240 minutes (T405 point). All animals were observed for 240 minutes or until death. Blood specimens were collected at TO, T45, T165 and T405 for determination of blood lactate levels. At the end of the experiment,a small amount of hepatic tissue was collected to measure tissue blood perfusion, total antioxidative capacity (TAOC), Na+K+ ATPase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results At T405, the blood lactate lev-els in the RS80 and RS100 groups [(3.60±0.68) and (3.84 ± 1.09) mmol/L, respectively] were significantly higher than those in the SS, RS40, RS50 and RS60 groups [(2.00±0.66),(2.74±1.45),(2.43 +0.94) and (2.07±0.95) mmol/L, respectively;all:P < 0.05]. The MDA levels were significantly higher in the RS80 and RS100[(7.32±0.31) and (7.71±0.23) nmol/mg,respectively] than those in the SS, RS40, RS50 and RS60 groups[(4.95±0.80),(6.14±0.94),(6.42±0.48) and (6.84±0.36) nmol/mg, respeetively;all: P <0.05]. The Na+ K+ ATPase and TAOC levels were significantly lower in all of the RS groups than those in the SS group (all: P < 0.05), and those in the RS80 and RS100 groups was significantly lower than those in the RS40,RS50 and RS60 groups (all: P <0.05). Blood perfusion in the RS80 and RS100 groups was significantly lower than that in the other groups (all: P < 0.05). Conclusions If hemorrhage is uncontrolled, limited resuscitation appears to balance the needs for organ perfusion, improve the microcircttlation and decrease lactate levels. Fur-thermore, limited resuscitation could decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver tissue.     

限制性液体复苏对肝脏缺血-再灌注损伤的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of limited resuscitation on hepatic ischernia-reperfusion in-jury in rots with hemorrhagic shock. Method Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock was induced in 54 rats by transect-ing the middle branch of the splenic artery to produce standardized massive splenic injury. Resuscitation started when the mean arterial pressure (MAP) reached 40 mmHg. The rats were randomly divided (n = 9per group) in-to sham-operated group (SS), or one of five treatment groups in which infusion of Ringer' s solution was continually administrated to maintain MAP at 40 (RS40), 50 (RS50), 60 (RS60), 80 (RS80) or 100 mmHg (RS100) for 45 minutes (T45 point). After the bleeding was controlled, resuscitation was continued with Ringer's solution and whole blood (2:1) to increase the MAP to 100 mmHg for 120 minutes (T165 point), which was followed by obser-vation for 240 minutes (T405 point). All animals were observed for 240 minutes or until death. Blood specimens were collected at TO, T45, T165 and T405 for determination of blood lactate levels. At the end of the experiment,a small amount of hepatic tissue was collected to measure tissue blood perfusion, total antioxidative capacity (TAOC), Na+K+ ATPase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Results At T405, the blood lactate lev-els in the RS80 and RS100 groups [(3.60±0.68) and (3.84 ± 1.09) mmol/L, respectively] were significantly higher than those in the SS, RS40, RS50 and RS60 groups [(2.00±0.66),(2.74±1.45),(2.43 +0.94) and (2.07±0.95) mmol/L, respectively;all:P < 0.05]. The MDA levels were significantly higher in the RS80 and RS100[(7.32±0.31) and (7.71±0.23) nmol/mg,respectively] than those in the SS, RS40, RS50 and RS60 groups[(4.95±0.80),(6.14±0.94),(6.42±0.48) and (6.84±0.36) nmol/mg, respeetively;all: P <0.05]. The Na+ K+ ATPase and TAOC levels were significantly lower in all of the RS groups than those in the SS group (all: P < 0.05), and those in the RS80 and RS100 groups was significantly lower than those in the RS40,RS50 and RS60 groups (all: P <0.05). Blood perfusion in the RS80 and RS100 groups was significantly lower than that in the other groups (all: P < 0.05). Conclusions If hemorrhage is uncontrolled, limited resuscitation appears to balance the needs for organ perfusion, improve the microcircttlation and decrease lactate levels. Fur-thermore, limited resuscitation could decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver tissue.     

中美俄军队伤票的比较

文章首先介绍中国、美国和俄罗斯军队现行伤票的主要内容,并从伤票的基本结构、填写内容、运行方式等方面进行对比分析,为我军未来战场医疗后送文书的设计和修订提出建议：在内容填写方面应适度精简,制作材质方面应考虑防水防污等。