儿童哮喘患者外周血 ILC2 细胞和 Th2 型细胞相关因子水平变化及与临床相关性研究

目的　探讨支气管哮喘患儿外周血中 2 型固有免疫细胞（type2 innate lymphoid cells ILC2）和 Th2 型细胞相关因子水平变化及其临床意义。方法　选取 2019 年 1 月 ~2020 年 5 月在宝鸡高新人民医院确诊的 67 例急性发作期支气管哮喘患儿作为研究对象，根据发病严重程度分为重度 - 危重组 23 例和轻 - 中度组 44 例；并选取同期健康体检的 45例儿童作为对照组。检测两组血清 ILC2 细胞比例和 IL-4，IL-5，IL-10 和 IL-13 水平，记录两组肺功能指标:第一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量（FVC）及最大呼气峰流速（PEF）；并分析 ILC2 细胞比例和 IL-4，IL-5，IL-10 和IL-13 水平与肺功能指标的相关性。结果　支气管哮喘组患儿外周血 ILC2 细胞比例及 IL-4，IL-5 和 IL-13 水平明显高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（F=24.419~209.627，均 P<0.001）；IL-10 水平及肺功能指标 FVC，FEV1 和 PEF 明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（F=80.826~298.942，均 P<0.001）。重度 - 危重组支气管哮喘患儿外周血 ILC2 细胞比例和 IL-4，IL-5，IL-10 和 IL-13 水平及肺功能指标变化较轻 - 中度组更为显著，差异均有统计学意义（t=1.990~7.848，P 均 <0.05）。支气管哮喘患儿外周血 ILC2 细胞比例及 IL-4，IL-5 和 IL-13 水平与 FVC，FEV1 和 PEF 值呈显著负相关，差异均有统计学意义（r=0.564~0.712，均 P<0.01）；IL-10 水平与 FVC，FEV1 和 PEF 值呈显著正相关，差异均有统计学意义（r=0.537~0.603，均 P<0.01）。结论　急性发作期支气管哮喘患儿外周血 ILC2 细胞比例及 Th2 型细胞相关因子水平明显升高或降低，与哮喘患儿肺功能及病情严重程度显著相关，对其进行检测有助于评估支气管哮喘患儿病情程度，为临床提供理论指导。     

COVID-19, chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease and anti-rheumatic treatments

Clinical Rheumatology - Since December 2019, the pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) raises a real public health problem. COVID-19 appeared in Wuhan (Hubei province) in China....     

Human papillomavirus infection in the oromaxillofacial area: Clinical anatomy and histological considerations

Clinical manifestations of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the head and neck can range from benign lesions, which are the most frequent, to malignant lesions. The prevalence of head and neck cancer is increasing, despite currently decreasing trends in known risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use. A new patient profile has appeared in recent practice: most frequently a middle‐aged male patient who does not smoke or drink alcohol, is sexually active (possibly having multiple partners), and presents with oral or cervicofacial lesions requiring diagnosis and treatment. Another risk factor that should be considered in these patients is HPV infection. The association of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) with HPV is a challenge for the medical practitioner. The gold standard for diagnosis is histopathological examination, which can also yield evidence suggesting HPV infection. Determination of the viral genotype provides additional data for assessing the oncological risk of an HPV infection. Treatment of these patients is aimed at removing the lesions, in association or not with antiviral treatment and recurrence control. Clin. Anat. 28:1002–1007, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Children’s right to smoke-free air: Public support in Norway for banning smoking in vehicles with children present

Background

Children have a statutory right to a smoke-free environment, and tobacco control advocates are now considering regulation of smoking behavior in the private sphere. The Norwegian Institute of Public Health has investigated the support for a ban on smoking in cars with children compared to other possible extensions of the tobacco act among the Norwegian public.

甲状腺疾病患者血清 Tg-CIC 中 Tg-Ab 水平检测及相关临床研究

目的　对血清甲状腺球蛋白免疫复合物 (thyroglobulin circulating immune complex, Tg-CIC) 中抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体 (anti-thyroglobulin antibody, Tg-Ab) 含量检测，探讨 Tg-CIC 在甲状腺疾病中的临床以及流行病学意义。方法　收集甲状腺疾病患者血清标本 187 例，每例血清标本分为两组 ( 实验组和空白对照组 )，采用免疫复合物解离专利技术对甲状腺疾病患者血清标本 Tg-CIC 进行分离、解离，通过检测 Tg-CIC 解离后的 Tg-Ab 含量来间接反映甲状腺疾病患者血清中Tg-CIC 水平，按照不同的甲状腺疾病进行分组并对实验结果分析讨论。结果　不同甲状腺患者血清中 Tg-CIC 总阳性率达 92.51%，不同甲状腺疾病血清中 Tg-CIC 的阳性率差异无统计学意义 (χ?=2.917, P>0.05)。不同甲状腺疾病患者间血清游离 Tg-Ab 含量差异无统计学意义 (H=3.882, P>0.05)，不同甲状腺疾病患者间血清 CIC 中 Tg-Ab 含量差异无统计学意义(H=5.5842, P>0.05)。不同甲状腺疾病患者中，甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺炎以及甲状腺结节患者血清游离 Tg-Ab 的含量与血清 CIC 中的 Tg-Ab 含量呈正相关 (P<0.05)，甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺肿瘤患者血清游离 Tg-Ab 的含量与血清 CIC 中的Tg-Ab 含量不相关 (P>0.05)。结论　在甲状腺疾病患者血清中，大部分可检出 Tg-CIC，与疾病类型无关。而甲状腺疾病患者中，甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺炎以及甲状腺结节患者血清游离 Tg-Ab 含量与血清 CIC 中 Tg-Ab 含量存在相关性，为我们进一步了解 Tg-CIC 与甲状腺疾病的发生、发展的相关性研究奠定了基础，提供了新的研究视角。     

Influence of electrode misplacement on the electrocardiographic signs of inferior myocardial ischemia

Electrocardiographic (ECG) artifacts resulting from misplacements of electrodes are frequent, difficult to detect, and can become of clinical importance. We investigated 2 healthy volunteers and 3 patients with ECG signs of inferior myocardial scars. We exchanged the peripheral electrodes in a defined manner and investigated the resulting ECG for morphology and possible diagnostic errors. In the volunteers, ECG signs of inferior ischemia could be produced. In the patients with ischemic heart disease, normal ECG without signs of ischemia resulted by placing the electrode of the left leg to the left arm. The automatic ECG analyzer was not helpful in detecting artifacts by misplaced electrodes. A very low amplitude of the QRS complex in lead I, II, or III was pathognomonic for electrode misplacement in half of the cases. ECG artifacts must also be suspected when abnormal QRS- or P-axis occur or when QRS morphology does not match with the clinical presentation of the patient.     

A 31-year-old woman with jaw deviation and pain: Part I

J Evid Base Dent Pract 2002;2:168-74