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1.
ObjectiveTo determine prognostic factors and survival patterns for different treatment modalities for nasal cavity (NC) and paranasal sinus (PS) mucosal melanoma (MM).MethodsPatients from 1973 to 2013 were analyzed using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Kaplan-Meier method and multivariable cox proportional hazard modeling were used for survival analyses.ResultsOf 928 cases of mucosal melanoma (NC = 632, PS = 302), increasing age (Hazard Ratio [HR]:1.05/year, p < 0.001), T4 tumors (HR: 1.81, p = 0.02), N1 status (HR: 6.61, p < 0.001), and PS disease (HR: 1.50, p < 0.001) were associated with worse survival. Median survival length was lower for PS versus NC (16 versus 26 months, p < 0.001). Surgery and surgery + radiation therapy (RT) improved survival over non-treatment or RT alone (p < 0.001). Adding RT to surgery did not yield a survival difference compared with surgery alone (p = 0.43). Five-year survival rates for surgery and surgery + RT were similar, at 27.7% and 25.1% (p = 0.43).ConclusionSurgery increased survival significantly over RT alone. RT following surgical resection did not improve survival.  相似文献   
2.
Tympanic membranes (TM) that have healed spontaneously after perforation present abnormalities in their structural and mechanical properties; i.e., they are thickened and abnormally dense. These changes result in a deterioration of middle ear (ME) sound transmission, which is clinically presented as a conductive hearing loss (CHL). To fully understand the ME sound transmission under TM pathological conditions, we created a gerbil model with a controlled 50% pars tensa perforation, which was left to heal spontaneously for up to 4 weeks (TM perforations had fully sealed after 2 weeks). After the recovery period, the ME sound transmission, both in the forward and reverse directions, was directly measured with two-tone stimulation. Measurements were performed at the input, the ossicular chain, and output of the ME system, i.e., at the TM, umbo, and scala vestibuli (SV) next to the stapes. We found that variations in ME transmission in forward and reverse directions were not symmetric. In the forward direction, the ME pressure gain decreased in a frequency-dependent manner, with smaller loss (within 10 dB) at low frequencies and more dramatic loss at high frequency regions. The loss pattern was mainly from the less efficient acoustical to mechanical coupling between the TM and umbo, with little changes along the ossicular chain. In the reverse direction, the variations in these ears are relatively smaller. Our results provide detailed functional observations that explain CHL seen in clinical patients with abnormal TM, e.g., caused by otitis media, that have healed spontaneously after perforation or post-tympanoplasty, especially at high frequencies. In addition, our data demonstrate that changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) result from altered ME transmission in both the forward and reverse direction by a reduction of the effective stimulus levels and less efficient transfer of DPs from the ME into the ear canal. This confirms that DPOAEs can be used to assess both the health of the cochlea and the middle ear.  相似文献   
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Wu  Dan  Chen  Mengya  Chen  Shile  Zhang  Shimin  Chen  Yongheng  Zhao  Qian  Xue  Ke  Xue  Feng  Chen  Xiaosong  Zhou  Min  Li  Hao  Zheng  Jie  Le  Yunchen  Cao  Hua 《Clinical rheumatology》2022,41(10):3107-3117
Clinical Rheumatology - Extrahepatic tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) metabolism via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) induction was found to be associated with intrinsic immune regulation....  相似文献   
5.
梅娟  马新义  张金莲  张正 《安徽医药》2022,26(9):1794-1798
目的探讨乳腺癌组织中基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)表达与人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)16/18感染的关系及其临床病理意义。方法回顾性选取2015年3月至2018年5月蚌埠医学院第二附属医院收治的90例乳腺癌病人乳腺癌组织为研究对象(乳腺癌组),同时选取同期该院85例良性乳腺疾病切除病变周围正常乳腺组织作为对照(对照组)。实时荧光定量逆转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测组织中MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA表达水平;免疫组织化学法检测组织中MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达;采用原位杂交法检测HPV16/18感染情况。回顾性分析乳腺癌病人临床病理资料,比较MMP-2、MMP-9表达、HPV 感染与病人临床病理特征关系。结果乳腺癌组病人MMP-2、MMP-9 mRNA 表达水平(1.58±0.13、2.14±0.11)及其蛋白阳性表达率(77.78%、80.00%)均显著高于对照组(1.00±0.05、1.02±0.07、27.06%、17.65%)(P<0.05);乳腺癌组HPV16/18-DNA阳性率[71.11%(64/90)]显著高于对照组[12.94%(11/85)](P<0.05);MMP-2、MMP-9表达及HPV16/18阳性表达均与淋巴结转移、临床分期、绝经状态、雌激素受体(ER)阳性相关(P<0.05);MMP-2、MMP-9表达与HPV感染呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌病人乳腺癌组织中MMP-2、MMP-9表达水平明显升高,与HPV16/18感染呈正相关,均与病人临床病理特征密切相关。HPV感染可能引起基质金属蛋白酶表达增高,从而促进乳腺癌的发生发展。  相似文献   
6.
AIM: To identify the predictive factors and laser photocoagulation associated with the use of silicone oil as endotamponade during primary diabetic vitrectomy. METHODS: The medical and surgical records of 690 patients (798 eyes) who underwent primary diabetic vitrectomy at a tertiary eye hospital in China from January 2018 to December 2018 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study. The patients’ baseline characteristics and preoperative treatments were recorded. The binary Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the risk factors for the use of silicone oil as endotamponade agent during primary vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)-related complications. RESULTS: Among 690 patients with mean age of 52.1±10.5y (range: 18-85y), 299/690 (43.3%) were female. The 31.6% of the eyes received preoperative laser treatment, and 72.4% of the eyes received preoperative anti-VEGF adjuvant therapy. Non-clearing vitreous haemorrhage (VH) alone or combined with retinal detachment was the main surgical indication (89.5%) for primary vitrectomy. Silicone oil was used as endotamponade in 313 (39.2%) eyes. Lack of preoperative laser treatment [odds ratio (OR) 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48-0.92; P=0.015] and older age (OR 0.96, 95%CI: 0.95-0.98; P<0.001) were predictors of silicone oil tamponade during primary vitrectomy for PDR. CONCLUSION: The lack of preoperative laser treatment is a significant predictor of silicone oil tamponade during primary vitrectomy for PDR. However, the severity of PDR relevant to silicone oil use should be further evaluated.  相似文献   
7.
向征  石赟懿  谭钢 《眼科新进展》2022,(10):769-774
目的 探讨一氧化氮(NO)对角膜神经再生的影响作用。方法 本研究以亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)作为外源性NO供体,在细胞实验中以小鼠神经母细胞瘤细胞(Neuro-2a)为研究对象。采用不同浓度的NaNO2处理Neuro-2a细胞并筛选出NO的最佳神经营养浓度。在动物实验中,将30只SD 大鼠随机分组,10只作为NC组,其余20只大鼠建立角膜碱烧伤模型,再随机分为PBS组和NO组,每组10只。从碱烧伤当天开始,PBS组给予PBS治疗,NO组给予10.00 μmol·L-1 NaNO2与PBS混合治疗。用荧光素钠染色后观察并记录大鼠角膜上皮愈合情况,计算角膜上皮愈合率。用CCK-8检测细胞活性,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,免疫荧光法检测细胞神经元标记物的表达。于大鼠角膜碱烧伤处理后7 d取大鼠角膜上皮组织,分别采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot法检测每组角膜上皮中神经元标志物βⅢ-微管蛋白和神经生长因子(NGF)、胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(GDNF)、睫状神经营养因子(CNTF)的表达水平。结果 10.00 μmol·L-1 NaNO2处理Neuro-2a细胞24 h后可显著提高细胞活性;使用浓度为0.00 μmol·L-1、10.00 μmol·L-1、1000.00 μmol·L-1的NaNO2处理Neuro-2a细胞24 h后,测得细胞凋亡率分别为18.60%、13.00%、19.48%;与0.00 μmol·L-1组相比,10.00 μmol·L-1组细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.01)。与0.00 μmol·L-1组相比,10.00 μmol·L-1组Neuro-2a细胞βⅢ-微管蛋白、MAP2和SMI312三种神经元标志物相对表达量均增加(均为P<0.05) 。碱烧伤后1 d、3 d、7 d,与PBS组相比,NO组大鼠角膜上皮愈合率均升高(均为P<0.05) 。与NC组相比,PBS组和NO组大鼠角膜组织各神经营养因子mRNA的相对表达量均增高(均为P<0.05)。与PBS组相比,NO组大鼠角膜组织NGF、GDNF、CNTF mRNA的相对表达量均增高(均为P<0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示:碱烧伤后7 d,与NC组相比,PBS组和NO组大鼠角膜组织βⅢ-微管蛋白、NGF、GDNF、CNTF的蛋白表达水平均增高(均为P<0.05);与PBS组相比,NO组大鼠角膜组织βⅢ-微管蛋白、NGF、GDNF、CNTF蛋白的表达水平均明显增高,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论 气体信号分子NO能促进神经细胞的生长以及相关神经元标志物的表达;在大鼠角膜碱烧伤模型中,局部应用外源性NO进行治疗,可对角膜上皮和角膜神经产生明显的营养作用。  相似文献   
8.
目的 筛选赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对炎症反应的抑制作用最强的流份。 方法 使用MTT法确定壮药赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对RAW264.7细胞安全给药浓度范围,通过ELISA法测定赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度二氯甲烷-甲醇部位对LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞分泌NO、TNF-a、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β含量,筛选对炎症反应的抑制作用最强的流份。 结果 赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及流份在0.06~2.0 mg/ml浓度范围内,赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及流份对细胞活力的抑制作用逐渐增强,浓度在0.5 mg/ml以上具有明显的细胞毒性,在0.5 mg/ml以下对细胞活力具有增强作用。二氯甲烷-甲醇洗脱部位高剂量能抑制炎症因子IL-12、IL-6、TNF-a、IL-1β释放,对NO的分泌没有抑制作用。 结论 赪桐乙酸乙酯部位及不同洗脱梯度的二氯甲烷-甲醇部位抗炎机制是通过抑制NO、TNF-a、IL-12、IL-6、IL-1β炎症因子的分泌,二氯甲烷-甲醇(50:1)洗脱部位和二氯甲烷-甲醇(30:1)洗脱部位的抗炎能力较强。  相似文献   
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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a cancer of the digestive system, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounts for approximately 90% of all PC cases. Exosomes derived from PDAC (PDAC-exosomes) promote PDAC development and metastasis. Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by most cells, which can carry biologically active molecules and mediate communication and cargo transportation among cells. Recent studies have focused on transforming exosomes into good drug delivery systems (DDSs) to improve the clinical treatment of PDAC. This review considers PDAC as the main research object to introduce the role of PDAC-exosomes in PDAC development and metastasis. This review focuses on the following two themes: (a) the great potential of PDAC-exosomes as new diagnostic markers for PDAC, and (b) the transformation of exosomes into potential DDSs.  相似文献   
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