Implementation of Newborn Screening for Hemoglobin H Disease in Mainland China

Hemoglobin H disease is the most severe non-fatal form of α-thalassemia syndrome characterized by pronounced microcytic hypochromic hemolytic anemia. It is predominantly seen in Southeast Asia, the Middle East and the Mediterranean. Studies suggest that hemoglobin H disease is not as benign a disorder as previously thought. Newborn screening for hemoglobin H disease is especially appealing because the screening test is based on the detection of hemoglobin Bart’s (γ4) that is only possible within the newborn period. In this study, we reported on a 4-year period of newborn screening program at a mainland Chinese hospital, which detected 35 babies with hemoglobin H disease in a total of 26 152 newborns. The overall prevalence for hemoglobin H disease among all newborns in southern China is ~1 in 1,000. These children need appropriate follow-up and potential comprehensive care during their growth and development.     

Low dose of homoharringtonine and cytarabine combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming on the outcome of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia

Background  

To explore the effect of low dose of homoharringtonine (HHT) and cytarabine (Ara-c) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) priming (HAG regimen) on relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML).     

Cord blood analysis for rapid prenatal confirmation of Hb Bart's disease using the Sebia Capillary electrophoresis system

Prenatal diagnosis of severe α-thalassemia (α-thal) diseases is usually performed by DNA analysis. To establish a simple and rapid method, we evaluated the reliability of cord blood hemoglobin (Hb) analysis using an automated capillary electrophoresis (CE) system. Our results demonstrated that analysis of fetal Hb using the Sebia CapillaryS 2 is an effective, accurate and simple alternative for prenatal diagnosis of Hb Bart's (γ4) disease.     

CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞在特发性血小板减少性紫癜发病机制中的作用

本研究探讨特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）治疗前后患者外周血中CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞（CD25-PE染色阳性〉10^2为CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞）的表达情况及其可能的作用机制。应用免疫荧光标记和流式细胞术检测20例治疗前ITP患者、20例治疗后患者及14名正常人外周血中CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞的表达。结果表明：ITP患者治疗前外周血T细胞表面CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞表达水平明显低于治疗后组及正常对照组（P均〈0．01）；ITP治疗后患者组与正常对照组相比无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：ITP治疗前患者外周血中CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞水平较正常对照组明显降低，而在治疗有效后有所升高。外周血CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞表达率与血小板数量呈正相关。CD4^＋CD25^highT细胞水平的检测可作为对ITP患者预后判断的一个有效指标，并可以作为免疫治疗的靶点进行进一步研究。     

Overexpression of apolipoprotein E4 increases kainic-acid-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) has an intricate biological function in modulating immune responses and apoE isoforms exhibit diverse effects on neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. In the present study, we investigated the individual roles of apoE isoforms in the kainic acid (KA)-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration with focus on immune response and microglia functions. ApoE2, 3 and 4 transgenic mice as well as wild-type (WT) mice were treated with KA by intranasal route. ApoE4 overexpressing mice revealed several peculiarities as compared with other transgenic mice and WT mice, i.e. (1) they had more severe KA-induced seizures than apoE2 and 3 mice, (2) they exhibited neuron loss in hippocampus that was higher than in apoE2, 3 and WT mice, (3) KA administration resulted in higher counts of their head drops in the cross-area of elevated plus-maze, (4) they showed lower KA-induced rearing activity than apoE2 mice in the open-field test, (5) their KA-induced microglial expression of MHC-II and CD86 was elevated compared to apoE3 mice, (6) the KA-induced increase of microglial iNOS was higher than that in the other groups of mice, and (7) the TNF-α and IL-6 expression was decreased 7 days after KA application compared to untreated mice and mice treated 1 day with KA. However, the signaling pathway of NFκB or Akt seemed not to be involved in apoE-isoform dependent susceptibility to KA-induced neurotoxicity. In conclusion, over-expression of apoE4 deteriorated KA-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration in C57BL/6 mice, which might result from a higher up-regulation of microglia activation compared to apoE2 and 3 transgenic mice and WT mice.     

初探膀胱经的脑属性及其与心经之关系

本文从经络角度探析足太阳膀胱经与脑的关系,通过经络基础、心经与脑的关系、膀胱经与脑的关系、膀胱经的脑属性、心经与膀胱经的经络联系,层层剖析,提出＂足太阳膀胱经为脑经＂的概念.借此为基础,进一步从经络角度阐明心脑间的关系特征,为＂心脑同治＂＂从心治脑＂＂从脑治心＂提供理论依托,也为临床实践提供更多的诊疗思路.     

微波与索氏提取野黄芩苷的正交实验比较

目的：研究不同方法提取野黄芩苷的最佳工艺．方法：采用正交实验，考察灯盏花粒度、提取剂浓度、提取剂用量和提取时间等4个因素，以野黄芩苷收率为指标，比较微波提取与传统索氏提取方法对野黄芩苷的提取效果．结果：索氏提取优化工艺条件为A282C2D2，微波提取最佳条件为A282C1D1．微波辐照10min的提取效果与索氏提取2h效果相当，提取速率是索氏的10～15倍．结论：微波提取的时间短、提取速率高、温度低．微波技术用于中草药提取有其独特的优越性．     

恶性疟原虫抗独特型抗体的初步研究

用抗恶性疟原虫单克隆抗体１３Ａ２，制备兔抗血清，经ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ－ＩｇＧ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ和１３Ａ２ＭｃＡｂ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱提纯，得到抗独特型抗体（Ａｂ２）。免疫双扩散试验和ＥＬＩＳＡ试验表明：抗独特型抗体仅与１３Ａ２ＭｃＡｂ反应。４ｉ试验显示：当恶性疟原虫抗原浓度为８０μｇ／ｍｌ，对１３Ａ２Ｉｄ－Ａｎｔｉｌ３Ａ２Ｉｄ系统产生８１％的抗体结合抑制率，而伯氏疟原虫和诺氏疟原虫抗原检测，抗体结合抑制率分别为２７％和２．５％。兔抗血清中抗Ａｂ２抗体（Ａｂ３）滴度为１：６４０，提示此抗独特型抗体可替代原始抗原诱生抗恶性疟抗体。