新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中的价值

目的 探讨新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中的价值。 方法 选取肺部感染早产儿80例为观察组，无肺部感染的早产儿80例为对照组，均给予新生儿肺部超声检查，比较2组肺部超声评分、氧合指数、呼吸指数，比较观察组不同病情、预后患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数、呼吸指数,分析肺部超声评分和氧合指数、呼吸指数的相关性。 结果 观察组肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于对照组，呼吸指数高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组极危重患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于危重和非危重患儿，呼吸指数高于危重和非危重患儿，危重患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于非危重患儿，呼吸指数高于非危重患儿，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肺部超声评分与呼吸指数呈负相关（r=-0.455，P＜0.05），与氧合指数呈正相关（r=0.470，P＜0.05）。观察组死亡患儿肺部超声评分、氧合指数低于存活患儿，呼吸指数高于存活患儿，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。肺部超声评分预测患儿预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.874，高于呼吸指数和氧合指数（P＜0.05），其截断值为20分时，敏感度和特异度为88.50%和75.00%。 结论 新生儿肺部超声在早产儿肺部感染评价中有较好的效果，值得临床使用。     

关节镜下半月板成形术对膝关节半月板损伤患者血清疼痛因子、一氧化氮、透明质酸及关节活动度的影响

目的探讨关节镜下半月板成形术(AMP)对膝关节半月板损伤患者血清疼痛因子、一氧化氮(NO)、透明质酸(HA)及关节活动度的影响。方法选取2019年5月—2020年12月收治的90例膝关节半月板损伤为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组和治疗组,每组45例。对照组接受保守治疗,治疗组行AMP治疗。比较两组的临床疗效,治疗前后的血清前列腺素E₂(PGE₂)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)、NO、HA、疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分和膝关节活动度。记录两组治疗并发症发生情况。结果治疗组疗效优良率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清PGE₂、5-HT、NO、HA水平均较治疗前下降,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后1、2、3、4周,两组VAS评分均较治疗前降低,且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组膝关节屈伸活动度均较治疗前升高,且治疗组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论AMP对膝关节半月板损伤疗效良好,可减少疼痛因子生成,控制NO、HA水平,提高关节活动度。     

认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死介入手术患者不良情绪及疾病感知的影响

目的探讨认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死(AMI)介入手术患者不良情绪及疾病感知的影响。方法72例AMI介入手术患者随机分为两组各36例,对照组给予常规护理干预,研究组在对照组基础上给予认知重构干预,比较两组的不良情绪、疾病感知以及治疗依从性。结果干预后,研究组的HAMA、HAMD评分均低于对照组,疾病感知各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的治疗依从性为94.44%,高于对照组的75.00%(P<0.05)。结论认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死介入手术患者的不良情绪及疾病感知均有积极的影响,可提升患者的治疗依从性。     

控制性低中心静脉压在原发性肝癌伴肝炎后肝硬化患者腹腔镜肝切除中的应用

背景与目的:在肝脏切除手术中采用控制性低中心静脉压(CLCVP)技术可有效减少肝断面出血,然而,低中心静脉压(CVP)所产生的相对低血压和潜在低灌注可能造成不良影响,这使其推广应用受到一定程度的限制。本研究探讨CLCVP技术在原发性肝癌伴肝炎后肝硬化患者腹腔镜肝切除手术中的应用效果和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2017年4月—2019年3月在安徽医科大学第一附属医院肝胆胰外科行全腹腔镜解剖性肝切除手术的44例原发性肝癌伴肝炎后肝硬化患者临床资料,所有患者均接受同一组医生手术,其中24例患者术中采用CLCVP技术(观察组),另外20例患者术中未采用CLCVP对照组(对照组),分析并比较两组术前、术中、术后的相关临床资料。结果:两组患者术前资料包括性别、年龄、BMI、Child分级、肝硬化程度、肝肾功能指标差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组手术均顺利完成,无围手术期死亡病例。观察组术中、术后均未见低CVP相关气栓、肝肾损伤等并发症。与对照组比较,观察组术中动脉收缩压、CVP明显降低,手术时间与肝门阻断时间明显缩短、术中出血和手术输血率明显降低,但术中乳酸指标明显升高(均P0.05)。两组的术后出血、感染、胸腔积液、胆汁漏的发生率以及肝肾功能指标、拔管时间、住院时间方面均无统计学差异(均P0.05),但观察组患者术后引流量多于对照组(P0.05);两组术后复发率亦无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:在做好术前肝功能评估和术中密切观测患者灌注指标的前提下,CLCVP技术对肝炎后肝硬化患者腹腔镜肝切除手术是安全可靠的,虽然低CVP会使机体灌注减少,机体无氧代谢增强,乳酸含量增高,但对肝肾功能及肝癌的复发无明显影响,而且较低的CVP能够有效减少术中出血量和输血量,缩短手术时长和肝门阻断时间,降低长时间缺血缺氧对肝脏的打击。总之,在无严重心、肺、脑、肾基础疾病的肝炎后肝硬化患者腹腔镜肝切除手术中,CLCVP是一种值得推荐的控制肝断面出血技术。     

一株靶向CD90+MHCC97-L细胞单克隆抗体治疗肝癌的实验研究

目的:研究抗人肝癌干细胞单抗28C10体内外功能，为肝癌干细胞的靶向治疗提供有应用价值的候选治疗剂。方法:采用无血清成球实验、侵袭实验和CCK-8方法等检测分析28C10单抗对MHCC97-L sphere的细胞自我更新、侵袭和耐药的影响。裸鼠体内治疗实验研究单抗28C10联合顺铂对MHCC97-L移植瘤生长的作用。Western-Blot方法鉴定该单抗识别抗原的分子量。结果:流式细胞检测结果显示单抗28C10能够识别MHCC97-L中CD90阳性细胞的比例为2.75%。体外功能实验结果显示单抗28C10能显著抑制MHCC97-L sphere细胞的无血清成球能力和侵袭能力，抑制率分别达33.33%和53.8%。28C10能显著抑制MHCC97-L sphere的顺铂耐药能力，其IC50为0.74 μg/ml，而对照组的IC50为1.42 μg/ml。抗体体内治疗实验结果显示，低、高剂量抗体28C10均能抑制肝癌移植瘤的生长，抑制率分别达到了24.0%和67.7%，单独顺铂组肝癌移植瘤的抑制率为35.9%，而顺铂联合高剂量抗体28C10组对肝癌移植瘤的抑制率达到70.1%。Western-Blot结果显示单抗28C10识别的抗原蛋白分子量约100 kD。结论:筛选获得了1株抗肝癌干细胞的功能性单抗，为靶向肝癌干细胞治疗肝癌奠定了重要的基础。     

CIP2A在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探究蛋白磷酸酶2A(CIP2A)在子宫内膜样腺癌中的表达情况及临床意义。方法:选取2011年1月至2014年3月行手术切除并经病理证实的50例子宫内膜样腺癌(EAC)及同期行门诊刮宫术获取的40例正常增生期子宫内膜(NE)组织标本。应用RT-PCR、Western blot法检测EAC和NE组织中CIP2A mRNA及蛋白水平，免疫组化法检测CIP2A阳性表达情况。分析CIP2A在EAC和NE组织中的表达差异及与子宫内膜样腺癌临床病理特征的关系。采用Kaplan-Meier法分析CIP2A不同表达水平对患者预后生存的影响，通过COX分析预后独立危险因素。结果:免疫组化染色显示:CIP2A在子宫内膜样腺癌中呈高表达，阳性着色定位于细胞浆和细胞核中，EAC组织中CIP2A阳性表达率显著高于NE组织(P＜0.01)。RT-PCR和Western blot检测显示EAC组织中CIP2A mRNA及蛋白表达水平高于NE组织(P＜0.01)。CIP2A表达与EAC的组织学分级、FIGO分期、宫颈管受累情况、p53表达及Ki-67增殖指数有关（P＜0.05）。Kaplan-Meier法生存分析显示EAC患者5年无病生存率为92.0%、总生存率为88.0%；CIP2A表达、组织学分级、FIGO分期、肌层浸润深度、附件转移、脉管内癌栓及Ki-67增殖指数与患者预后不良相关（P＜0.05）。多因素分析显示，组织学分级、FIGO分期及脉管内癌栓是影响子宫内膜样腺癌患者预后生存的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论:CIP2A在子宫内膜样腺癌中呈高表达，与患者总生存率下降相关，并非影响患者预后的独立危险因素。     

Cardiovascular effects and mechanisms of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) are a new type of drug for the treatment of diabetes, and they have been proven to have a good hypoglycemic effect. Several lines of clinical evidence have shown that SGLT2 inhibitors can significantly reduce the risks of atherosclerosis, hospitalization for heart failure, cardiovascular death, and all-cause mortality and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease. Because of the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the heart and kidney, they are being studied for the treatment of heart failure and chronic kidney disease in patients without diabetes. Therefore, it is necessary for cardiologists, patients with diabetes, and nephrologists to fully understand this type of drug. In this review, we summarize the following three aspects of SGLT2 inhibitors: the recent clinical evidence of their cardiovascular benefits, their mechanisms of action, and their safety.     

miR-26b Mimic Inhibits Glioma Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo Suppressing COX-2 Expression

Glioma is the most common malignant tumor of the nervous system. Studies have shown the microRNA-26b (miR-26b)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) axis in the development and progression in many tumor cells. Our study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of the miR-26b/COX-2 axis in glioma. Decreased expression of miR-26b with increased levels of COX-2 was found in glioma tissues compared with matched normal tissues. A strong negative correlation was observed between the level of miR-26b and COX-2 in 30 glioma tissues. The miR-26b was then overexpressed by transfecting a miR-26b mimic into U-373 cells. The invasive cell number and wound closing rate were reduced in U-373 cells transfected with miR-26b mimic. In addition, COX-2 siRNA enhanced the effect of miR-26b mimic in suppressing the expression of p-ERK1 and p-JNK. Finally, the in vivo experiment revealed that miR-26b mimic transfection strongly reduced the tumor growth, tumor volume, and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9. Taken together, our research indicated a miR-26b/COX-2/ERK/JNK axis in regulating the motility of glioma in vitro and in vivo, providing a new sight for the treatment of glioma.     

Cardiac Denervation for Arrhythmia Treatment with Transesophageal Ultrasonic Strategy in Canine Models

Stellate ganglion (SG) modification has been investigated for arrhythmia treatment. In this study, transesophageal SG imaging and intervention were explored using a homemade 30F integrated focused ultrasonic catheter in healthy mongrel canines in vivo. Anatomic details of SGs were ultrasonically imaged and evaluated. SG had a heterogeneous echoic structure and characteristic profiles sketched by hyper-echoic outlines in an ultrasonogram. Left SGs in the experimental group were successfully ablated through the esophagus under ultrasonic guidance provided by the catheter itself. Two weeks after the ablation, the QT and QTc of the experimental group decreased compared with those of the sham group and at baseline (both p values < 0.001). Histologic examination revealed that left SGs were destroyed. No major complications were observed. This approach may be further explored as a method for ganglia remodeling evaluation and as a strategy of ganglia modification for arrhythmia and for other diseases.