Silencing KLF16 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis

Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16), a member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family, has been extensively investigated in multiple cancer types. However, the role of KLF16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate its related mechanism. KLF16 expression in OSCC cell lines was quantified by western blotting. Then, OECM1 and OC3 cells were divided into Blank, siCtrl, siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 groups. Subsequently, cell proliferation was detected using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, cell migration and invasion were detected with wound healing and Transwell assays, and cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were detected via flow cytometry. KLF16, p21, CDK4, Cyclin D1 and p-Rb expression was detected by western blotting. Finally, xenograft models were established in nude mice to observe the in vivo effects of KLF16 on OSCC. KLF16 protein expression was upregulated in OSCC cells. Compared to the cells in the Blank group, the OECM1 and OC3 cells in the siKLF16#1 group and siKLF16#2 group exhibited a sharp decrease in proliferation but a remarkable increase in apoptosis. Moreover, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase notably increased and that in the S phase decreased, with evident decreases in cell invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), Cyclin D1 and p-Rb protein expression was upregulated, but p21 expression was downregulated. The mice in the siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 xenograft model groups exhibited slower tumour growth and smaller tumours with evident downregulation of Ki67 expression compared to the mice in the Blank group. KLF16 expression was upregulated in OSCC cells, and interfering with KLF16 led to cell cycle arrest, inhibited OSCC cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis.     

刍议清络法论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作＊

本文通过对特发性肺纤维化急性发作病因病机的分析，认为其病因为外邪或内伤引动肺络虚火，从阳化热，病机为“肺热”、“络瘀”；并结合其病因病机，探究归纳《温病条辨》中清络法和中药复方清络饮在论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作时的理论基础，为临床中论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作，改善患者症状提供新方法，为肺络病证治体系构建及应用提供新思路。     

Metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma to the parotid lymph nodes

Parotid lymph node (PLN) metastasis greatly worsens the prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and poses a great challenge for further treatment of OSCC. The clinicopathological characteristics and treatment strategies for PLN metastasis from OSCC need to be comprehensively elucidated. A retrospective review of OSCC patients who experienced postoperative PLN metastasis in our department between 2000 and 2018 was performed in this study. A total of 47 OSCC patients with postoperative PLN metastasis were identified. PLN with metastasis were divided into three groups based on the location: parotid tail (PLN-t), superficial lobe (PLN-sl), and deep lobe (PLN-dl). Most of the patients experienced PLN metastasis within less than 12 months after the primary surgery for OSCC. Comparatively, patients with PLN-sl metastasis were more prone to have infiltration of the facial nerve. The tongue and buccal mucosa were the most frequent primary sites associated with PLN metastasis from OSCC. PLNs in the parotid tail were most commonly affected by the metastasized OSCC. Consequently, we recommend a series of strategies for the prevention and treatment of PLN metastasis for OSCC patients. In conclusion, PLNs should not be overlooked during preoperative evaluation and postoperative follow-up examinations for OSCC patients.     

Thinned-out skin paddle versus collagen matrix as an optimized peri-implant soft tissue following fibula osteoseptocutaneous free flap: 3-year retrospective study

The objective of this study was to compare the implant longevity following two methods of peri-implant soft tissue optimization following free fibula flap (FFF): thinning of skin paddle (SP) and collagen matrix (CM). All patients who underwent rehabilitation with dental implants after mandibular reconstruction with FFF between June 2009 to May 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Two methods of peri-implant soft tissue optimization were applied: (1) SP group, (2) CM group. Outcome measurements were: modified plaque index (mPI), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing depth (PD), marginal bone loss (MBL), implant success rate and complication rates. A total of 24 patients with 69 implants were included in the study, with 8.7% (n = 6) of implants lost in 3 years. No statistically significant difference was found regarding the outcome measurements in both groups. Failed implants presented with statistically significant higher mPI, mSBI, PD and MBL scores during prosthesis delivery and subsequent follow-ups (P<0.03). In the SP group, one patient experienced SP necrosis which later underwent soft tissue optimization using CM. CM is an alternative peri-implant soft tissue, while thinning of SP is feasible if thickness is well controlled.     

Interdiction de vente de tabac aux mineurs en France et au Québec. Comparaison du cadre législatif,de son application,et du tabagisme des adolescents

Background

Prohibition of tobacco sales to minors is a provision of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on tobacco control. This measure is effective to reduce youth tobacco use, if the legislation adopted is properly implemented and enforced. Through the examples of France and Quebec, the objective of this study is to compare legislative frameworks prohibiting tobacco sales to minors, their enforcement, and possible impact on underage smoking.

新型胸骨环抱器结合钢丝固定胸骨的临床效果

目的探讨新型胸骨环抱器结合钢丝固定胸骨在成人心脏正中切口直视手术中的应用效果。 方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2017年12月期间在临沂市人民医院心脏血管外科接受手术治疗的328例心脏大血管疾病患者临床资料，按胸骨固定方法不同分为对照组159例和研究组169例。其中对照组采用传统的钢丝将锯开的胸骨左右两侧缝合，后收紧钢丝、合拢胸骨并拧紧钢丝，予以固定胸骨；研究组采用钢丝对合锯开胸骨的基础上放置新型环抱器固定胸骨。分析2组患者关胸时间(关胸开始到皮肤切口缝合结束的时间)、二次开胸止血(胸骨相关)率、术后24 h引流量、术后切口、胸骨感染或胸骨裂开率、术后胸痛不适发生率以及术后住院时间。患者出院后通过门诊、电话询问进行随访。数据比较采用t检验和χ²检验。 结果关胸术后，对照组1例患者因急性A型主动脉夹层术后急性肾功能衰竭死亡，其余所有患者均痊愈出院。研究组患者关胸时间(32.3±7.3) min，明显少于对照组(51.5±8.4) min，差异有统计学意义(t＝－22.113，P<0.05)。胸骨相关的二次开胸止血，研究组发生1例，而对照组发生6例，2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ²＝3.969，P＝0.046)。研究组术后24 h引流量(372.8±213.1) mL，少于对照组(538.9±202.6) mL，2组比较差异有统计学意义(t＝－7.224，P<0.05)。研究组术后未见切口和胸骨感染和(或)裂开，而对照组感染和(或)裂开共7例，其中胸骨裂开4例，早期予以新型环抱器重新固定胸骨，治愈出院；切口感染2例，予以换药后重新缝合切口后治愈；胸骨感染1例，予以胸骨清创加胸大肌肌瓣转移手术后康复出院，2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ²＝7.599，P<0.05)。研究组术后出现胸痛不适2例，而对照组7例，2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ²＝4.101，P＝0.043)。研究组患者术后住院时间(8.6±4.1) d，少于对照组(10.5±3.4) d，2组比较差异有统计学意义(t＝－4.467，P<0.05)。患者出院后随访(11.3±4.9)个月，所有患者均未见胸骨感染及裂开。 结论新型胸骨环抱器结合钢丝固定胸骨手术切口，与传统手术相比操作简单、固定牢固，在缩短关胸手术时间、减少术后切口并发症、缩短住院时间等方面优势明显，可以广泛使用于成人心脏外科正中手术切口。