Electroconvulsive therapy plays an irreplaceable role in treatment of major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder is a serious and common neuropsychiatric disorder that affects more than 350 million people worldwide. Electroconvulsive therapy is the oldest and most effective treatment available for the treatment of severe major depressive disorder. Electroconvulsive therapy modifies structural network changes in patients with major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. And it can also affect neuroinflammatory responses and may have neuroprotective effects. Electroconvulsive therapy plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of major depressive disorder.     

《医疗质量管理办法》中医疗质量概念及相关问题探讨

采用文献复习和实证研究经验的方法对《医疗质量管理办法》中涉及的医疗质量概念及相关问题进行探讨。《医疗质量管理办法》中的医疗质量的定义存在重大缺失,没有涉及医疗服务的结果,特别是患者安全。医疗质量的定义应与国际相关权威机构保持一致,应高度重视医疗服务的结果,特别是患者安全。     

Correction to: Expression profle of PU.1 in CD4+T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Clinical and Experimental Medicine - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-021-00731-x     

脑血管介入治疗患者穿刺点压迫方法的研究进展

综述了脑血管介入术穿刺点压迫方法（包括人工压迫、弹力带加压、压迫器加压、血管闭合装置压迫、止血敷料压迫、气囊加压6种）、止血压力以及压迫时间，提出由于穿刺点和压迫方法的不同，其压迫时间、减压时间和压力大小等需要进一步探讨，为脑血管介入术后患者穿刺点的临床护理提供参考。     

基层医疗卫生机构居家护理服务的安全支持和医务人员服务意愿调查研究

背景 人口老龄化趋势下，罹患多种慢性病的失能或半失能老年人对居家医疗护理服务需求迫切，但基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务存在较大的医疗风险和安全隐患，加强居家医疗护理服务的安全管理，有利于提高基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。 目的 调查基层医疗卫生机构对居家护理服务的安全支持情况和医务人员的服务意愿，为进一步推动居家医疗护理服务发展提供参考依据。 方法 2021年8—10月，采用便利抽样法在四川省五大经济区抽取49所基层医疗卫生机构的1 131例医务人员。自行设计调查问卷，以"问卷星"电子问卷的形式收集资料。问卷内容包括医务人员的一般情况（8个条目）、提供居家医疗护理服务的经历（2个条目）、医疗机构对医务人员的安全支持（7个条目）、医务人员的居家医疗护理服务意愿（1个条目）。比较不同特征医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿，采用二元Logistic回归分析医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿的影响因素。 结果 1 131例基层医务人员中，692例（61.18%）报告有过居家医疗护理服务的经历，193例（17.06%）报告在服务过程中发生过不良事件/安全事件，531例（46.95%）报告其所在医疗机构未评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险，199例（17.60%）表示所在机构评估了医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的安全风险，299例（26.44%）在居家医疗护理服务过程中使用APP定位系统，273例（24.14%）由机构配备报警、延迟预警等设备，807例（71.35%）表示居家医疗护理服务过程中没有获得所在机构内其他医务人员的支持措施，303例（26.79%）表示机构曾组织居家医疗护理服务的专项研讨活动，352例（31.12%）表示接受过有关居家医疗护理服务专项培训，853例（75.42%）表示愿意提供居家医疗护理服务。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，就职的基层医疗卫生机构类型，目前受聘的专业技术职称，医疗机构是否评估过患者接受居家医疗护理服务的安全风险，在居家医疗护理服务过程中是否配备报警、延迟预警等设备，是否参加过有关居家医疗护理服务的专项培训，对医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务意愿有影响（P<0.05）。 结论 现阶段居家医疗护理服务的安全支持不足，多种因素影响基层医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的意愿。基层医疗卫生机构应加强对患者接受居家医疗护理服务安全风险的评估，为提供居家医疗护理服务的医务人员配备报警、延迟预警等设备，积极举办居家医疗护理服务相关的专项培训并鼓励医务人员参加，以降低医务人员提供居家医疗护理服务的风险，保障其人身安全。     

滋肾育胎丸加减方预防ACA阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究＊

目的 探讨滋肾育胎丸加减方预防抗磷脂抗体（ACA）阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究。方法 选取2016年2月至2019年2月我院收治的89例ACA阳性，先兆性流产或有习惯性流产（RSA）史患者，将采用西医治疗的40例作为对照组，将采用西医联合滋肾育胎丸加减方治疗的49例作为观察组，比较两组中医证候疗效、中医证候积分、ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG、凝血指标［血小板聚集功能（PAF）、活化蛋白C（PC）、抗凝血酶（AT）、纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1（PAI-1）］、Th1/Th2细胞因子［干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、白介素-2（IL-2）、白介素-4（IL-4）、白介素-10（IL-10）］、妊娠结局、安全性。结果 治疗2周后检测ACA，观察组2例未降低，对照组11例未降低，观察组未降低患者占比低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组总有效率100.00%高于对照组85.00%（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后中医证候积分低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后PAF、PAI-1低于对照组，PC、AT高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后IFN-γ、IL-2低于对照组，IL-4、IL-10高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组活产率95.92%高于对照组80.00%（P<0.05）；组间不良反应总发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 动态监测ACA对滋肾育胎丸加减方精准应用具有指导意义，指导滋肾育胎丸加减方通过调理脏腑、气血、经络功能，改善先兆性流产或有RSA史患者临床症状及凝血因子指标，降低ACA水平，并可改善患者免疫耐受功能，提高胎儿活产率，且安全性高。     

Silencing KLF16 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis

Krüppel-like factor 16 (KLF16), a member of the Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family, has been extensively investigated in multiple cancer types. However, the role of KLF16 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Thus, we conducted this study to investigate its related mechanism. KLF16 expression in OSCC cell lines was quantified by western blotting. Then, OECM1 and OC3 cells were divided into Blank, siCtrl, siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 groups. Subsequently, cell proliferation was detected using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, cell migration and invasion were detected with wound healing and Transwell assays, and cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were detected via flow cytometry. KLF16, p21, CDK4, Cyclin D1 and p-Rb expression was detected by western blotting. Finally, xenograft models were established in nude mice to observe the in vivo effects of KLF16 on OSCC. KLF16 protein expression was upregulated in OSCC cells. Compared to the cells in the Blank group, the OECM1 and OC3 cells in the siKLF16#1 group and siKLF16#2 group exhibited a sharp decrease in proliferation but a remarkable increase in apoptosis. Moreover, the proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase notably increased and that in the S phase decreased, with evident decreases in cell invasion and migration. Moreover, KLF16, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), Cyclin D1 and p-Rb protein expression was upregulated, but p21 expression was downregulated. The mice in the siKLF16#1 and siKLF16#2 xenograft model groups exhibited slower tumour growth and smaller tumours with evident downregulation of Ki67 expression compared to the mice in the Blank group. KLF16 expression was upregulated in OSCC cells, and interfering with KLF16 led to cell cycle arrest, inhibited OSCC cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis.     

Quantification of myocardial fibrosis using noninvasive T2-mapping magnetic resonance imaging: Preclinical models of aging and pressure overload

Noninvasive imaging of cardiac fibrosis is important for early diagnosis and intervention in chronic heart diseases. Here, we investigated whether noninvasive, contrast agent-free MRI T₂-mapping can quantify myocardial fibrosis in preclinical models of aging and pressure overload. Myocardial fibrosis and remodeling were analyzed in two animal models: (i) aging (15-month-old male CF-1 mice vs. young 6- to 8-week-old mice), and (ii) pressure overload (PO; by transverse aortic constriction in 4- to 5-month-old male C57BL/6 mice vs. sham-operated for 14 days). In vivo T₂-mapping was performed by acquiring data during the isovolumic and early diastolic phases, with a modified respiratory and ECG-triggered multiecho TurboRARE sequence on a 7-T MRI. Cine MRI provided cardiac morphology and function. A quantitative segmentation method was developed to analyze the in vivo T₂-maps of hearts at midventricle, apex, and basal regions. The cardiac fibrosis area was analyzed ex vivo by picro sirius red (PSR) staining. Both aged and pressure-overloaded hearts developed significant myocardial contractile dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. The aged mice had two phenotypes, fibrotic and mild-fibrotic. Notably, the aged fibrotic subgroup and the PO mice showed a marked decrease in T₂ relaxation times (25.3 ± 0.6 in aged vs. 29.9 ± 0.7 ms in young mice, p = 0.002; and 24.3 ± 1.7 in PO vs. 28.7 ± 0.7 ms in shams, p = 0.05). However, no significant difference in T₂ was detected between the aged mild-fibrotic subgroup and the young mice. Accordingly, an inverse correlation between myocardial fibrosis percentage (FP) and T₂ relaxation time was derived (R² = 0.98): T₂ (ms) = 30.45 – 1.05 × FP. Thus, these results demonstrate a statistical agreement between T₂-map–quantified fibrosis and PSR staining in two different clinically relevant animal models. In conclusion, T₂-mapping MRI is a promising noninvasive contrast agent-free quantitative technique to characterize myocardial fibrosis.