Epstein–Barr-virus-associated hepatitis with aplastic anemia: A case report

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is a rare condition. Patients with HAAA usually present with acute hepatitis, jaundice and significantly increased transaminase. After 1–2 mo, hepatitis gradually improves, but progressive hemocytopenia, bone marrow hematopoietic failure, and severe or extremely severe aplastic anemia are manifest. Most cases of HAAA are fulminant and usually lethal if left untreated. The literature on Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated HAAA is sparse. CASE SUMMARY We report a 30-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital because of pale yellow urine and skin with a simultaneous decrease in peripheral blood ternary cells. We made a diagnosis of EBV-associated HAAA. The treatment strategy for this patient included eltrombopag, an immunosuppressive regimen of rabbit anti-human thymocyte immunoglobulin, cyclosporine, and supportive care. The patient was discharged in normal physical condition after five months. A hemogram performed on follow-up revealed that he had achieved a complete response. CONCLUSION Eltrombopag plus anti-thymocyte globubin and cyclosporine may be a therapeutic option for EBV-associated HAAA.Larger studies are warranted to confirm.     

地方医学院校课程质量监控体系的构建探索

基于国家深化高等院校课程建设的新时代视域，提升课程质量成为高校教育教学发展的重要任务。地方医学院校作为基层卫生人才的培养摇篮，构建科学合理的课程质量监控体系愈发迫切。本文分析了我国高等院校课程质量监控体系存在的问题，结合地方医学院校办学特点和广州医科大学工作实践，探索构建了集“多样化监控方法、全维度监控指标、闭环式反馈机制、多层级文化建设”为一体的课程质量监控体系，为同类院校提供实际参考。     

Knockdown of DEAD-box 51 inhibits tumor growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via the PI3K/AKT pathway

BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies that seriously threaten people’s health worldwide.DEAD-box helicase 51(DDX51)is a member of the DEAD-box(DDX)RNA helicase family,and drives or inhibits tumor progression in multiple cancer types.AIM To determine whether DDX51 affects the biological behavior of ESCC.METHODS The expression of DDX51 in ESCC tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected by Immunohistochemistry(IHC)analyses and quantitative PCR(qPCR).We knocked down DDX51 in ESCC cell lines by using a small interfering RNA(siRNA)transfection.The proliferation,apoptosis,and mobility of DDX51 siRNAtransfected cells were detected.The effect of DDX51 on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT pathway was investigated by western blot analysis.A mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the effects of DDX51 knockdown on ESCC tumor growth.RESULTS DDX51 exhibited high expression in ESCC tissues compared with normal tissues and represented a poor prognosis in patients with ESCC.Knockdown of DDX51 induced inhibition of ESCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.Moreover,DDX51 siRNA-expressing cells also exhibited lower migration and invasion rates.Investigations into the underlying mechanisms suggested that DDX51 knock down induced inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway,including decreased phosphorylation levels of phosphate and tensin homolog,PI3K,AKT,and mammalian target of rapamycin.Rescue experiments demonstrated that the AKT activator insulin-like growth factor 1 could reverse the inhibitory effects of DDX51 on ESCC malignant development.Finally,we injected DDX51 siRNA-transfected TE-1 cells into an animal model,which resulted in slower tumor growth.CONCLUSION Our study suggests for the first time that DDX51 promotes cancer cell proliferation by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway;thus,DDX51 might be a therapeutic target for ESCC.     

双水平气道正压对OSAHS患者预后及血管内皮功能的影响

目的 分析双水平气道正压双水平气道正压通气(bi-level positive airway pressure,BiPAP)对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS)患者血管内皮功能及预后的影响。 方法 将100例OSAHS患者纳入研究，随机分为观察及对照组，各50例。观察组行BiPAP ，对照组行常规治疗，比较两组多导睡眠监测(polysomnography，PSG)检查指标（低通气指数、呼吸暂停指数、呼吸暂停及低通气时间、90%以下血氧饱和度次数、90%以下血氧饱和度时间）、心肺功能［脑钠肽(brainnatriureticpeptide,BNP)、右心室Tei指数、左心室Tei指数、一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量的百分比(forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity，FEV1/FVC)、一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(FEV1占预计值%)］、血管内皮功能［内皮素1(endothelin-1,ET-1)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、凝血酶Ⅲ(antithrombin Ⅲ,AT-Ⅲ)］及生活质量。 结果 观察组低通气指数、呼吸暂停指数、呼吸暂停及低通气时间、90%以下血氧饱和度次数及时间指标均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）。观察组治疗后BNP以及Tei指数显著低于治疗前及对照组治疗后，FEV1/FVC、FEV1占预计值%显著高于治疗前及对照组治疗后(P＜0.05)。观察组治疗后ET-1、AT-Ⅲ低于治疗前及对照组治疗后，NO高于治疗前及对照组治疗后（P＜0.05）。观察组治疗后生活质量各项目评分高于对照组（P＜0.05）。 结论 BiPAP治疗能够改善OSAHS患者的预后情况及血管内皮功能，效果确切。     

PCOS 患者胰岛素释放试验峰值后移与胰岛素分泌总量及敏感性的特征分析

目的　分析胰岛素释放试验（insulin release test，IRT） 峰值后移的多囊卵巢综合征（polycystic ovarysyndrome，PCOS）患者的胰岛素分泌特征，探讨胰岛素峰值后移对胰岛素敏感度的影响。方法　回顾性分析2019 年11 月～ 2021 年12 月在佛山市南海区妇幼保健院妇科就诊的PCOS 患者120 例。首次就诊时行空腹血糖（fasting plasmaglucose，FPG）和IRT 检测，根据IRT 的峰值时间进行分组，峰值时间在30min 为I30 组（n=30），在60min 为I60 组（n=30），在120min 为I120 组（n=30）和在180min 为I180 组（n=30）。比较四组FPG 和IRT 各时间点血浆胰岛素水平的差异，通过公式计算出胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index，ISI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(insulin resistance index ，IRI) 和胰岛素曲线下面积（area under the curve ，AUC），比较这三个指标以及峰值的血浆胰岛素水平在四组的差异，通过Pearson 相关性分析探讨峰值后移与胰岛素分泌总量和胰岛素敏感度指标的相关性。结果　①单因素方差分析显示四组的FPG 和30min 的胰岛素水平差异无统计学意义（F=1.795, 1.780，均P ＞ 0.05），但达峰时间影响空腹和60，120，180min 的胰岛素分泌量，差异均有统计学意义（F = 9.355 ～ 24.170，均P ＜ 0.05）。②四组ISI 和AUC 差异无统计学意义（F=1.906,0.492，均P ＞ 0.05），而IRI 和峰值的胰岛素值从I30 组到I180 组均呈递增趋势，差异有统计学意义（F=10.360，5.140，均P ＜ 0.05）。③ Pearson 相关性分析表明ISI,AUC 与峰值后移无相关性(r =-0.077，-0.014，均P ＞ 0.05)，IRI 和峰值的胰岛素水平与峰值后移呈显著正相关(r =0.359，0.335，均P =0.000)。结论　PCOS 患者胰岛素峰值后移对空腹和60，120，180min 的胰岛素分泌量有影响；随着胰岛素峰值后移，峰值的胰岛素水平和胰岛素抵抗程度增加，但胰岛素敏感性和胰岛素分泌总量变化不明显。