Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospital attendance of patients with primary cervical cancer in Heilongjiang,China

Information regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on cervical cancer in mainland China is lacking. We explored its impact on the hospital attendance of patients with primary cervical cancer. We included 1918 patients with primary cervical cancer who initially attended Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 23, 2019, and January 23, 2021. Attendance decreased by 31%, from 1135 in 2019 to 783 in 2020, mainly from January to June (𝜒² = 73.362, P < .001). The percentage of patients detected by screening decreased from 12.1% in January-June 2019 to 5.8% in January-June 2020 (𝜒² = 7.187, P = .007). Patients with stage I accounted for 28.4% in 2020 significantly lower than 36.6% in 2019 (𝜒² = 14.085, P < .001), and patients with stage III accounted for 27.1% in 2020 significantly higher than 20.5% in 2019 (𝜒² = 11.145, P < .001). Waiting time for treatment was extended from 8 days (median) in January-June and July-December 2019 to 16 days in January-June (𝜒² = 74.674, P < .001) and 12 days in July-December 2020 (𝜒² = 37.916, P < .001). Of the 179 patients who delayed treatment, 164 (91.6%) were for the reasons of the healthcare providers. Compared to 2019, the number of patients in Harbin or non-Harbin in Heilongjiang Province and outside the province decreased, and cross-regional medical treatment has been hindered. The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted cervical cancer patient attendance at the initial phase. These results are solid evidence that a strategy and mechanism for the effective attendance of cervical cancer patients in response to public health emergencies is urgently needed.     

PDCA在优化医院新冠病毒核酸检测流程中的应用

目的：应用PDCA循环优化医院新冠病毒核酸检测的流程，提升核酸检测能力，以满足疫情防控和临床患者的需求。方法：应用PDCA循环，分析核酸检测流程存在的问题，建立标准化的核酸检测体系。同时，收集2020年10月至12月（优化前）和2021年10月至12月（优化后）的数据，采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析，以评价PDCA循环的优化效果。结果：经过PDCA循环优化后，总检测中位标本数从20 307个增加至71 403个，优化前后差异有统计学意义（P=0.018）。中位送检时间从224分钟缩短至208分钟，中位检测时间从234分钟缩短至151分钟，中位报告时间从461分钟缩短至371分钟，优化前后差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.001）。结论：应用PDCA循环，能够制定并持续完善标准化的核酸检测流程，有助于提高核酸检测能力和服务水平。     

菊花总黄酮含药血清对干眼细胞模型AR、NF-κB磷酸化蛋白及TGF-β1表达的影响＊

目的 观察菊花总黄酮在体外条件下对泪腺上皮细胞中雄激素受体（Androgen Receptor，AR）的调控作用及对下游的核因子κB（Nuclear Factor kappa B，NF-κB）、转化生长因子-β1（transforming growth factor-beta1，TGF-β1）的表达影响。方法 以过氧化氢（H₂O₂）诱导泪腺上皮细胞凋亡，建立细胞模型，设立无雄激素培养空白对照组、含雄激素培养对照组、无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组。以MTT法摸索含药血清最佳干预加入量；免疫印迹实验（Western Blot）以及实时荧光定量PCR法（Quantitative Real-Time PCR，qPCR）检测泪腺上皮细胞中AR、NF-κB及TGF-β1的表达情况；并应用雄激素受体阻断剂氟他胺进行AR阻断后再次检测上述指标 。结果 MTT法检测后计算得出含药血清干预细胞的最终浓度为13.2%；无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组及含雄激素培养对照组中AR、NF-κB及TGF-β1的表达增强，与空白对照组对比有显著差异（P<0.01）；无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组中NF-κB表达量比含雄激素培养对照组表达量低，两者间的差异有统计学意义。氟他胺及含药血清干预后，无雄激素培养黄酮治疗组及含雄激素培养对照组中AR及NF-κB的表达未见提高，无统计学意义。结论 菊花总黄酮对泪腺上皮细胞可能存在拟雄激素效应，从而使AR、NF-κB表达增加，并通过上调TGF-β1的表达，可能起到在泪腺局部的抗炎作用。     

血清维生素D水平对维持性血液透析患者下肢肌力减退的预测作用

目的探讨维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血清维生素D水平对下肢肌力减退的预测作用。 方法横断面研究设计，选择2018年9月至10月于战略支援部队特色医学中心血液净化中心的95例MHD患者，检测其血清25-羟维生素D₃[25(OH)D₃]水平，采用5次站立-坐下实验(5-STS)评价其下肢肌力。根据5-STS完成时间将MHD患者分为下肢肌力正常组(n＝85)与减退组(n＝10)，比较两组患者人口学特征、实验室指标。采用多因素Logistic回归分析下肢肌力减退的影响因素，绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析上述因素预测MHD患者发生下肢肌力减退的特异度和敏感度。 结果95例MHD患者血清25(OH)D₃水平为11.00~99.50 nmol/L，中位数31.23(19.90~43.30)nmol/L；5-STS完成时间为3.55 s~18.71 s，中位数9.81(7.12，12.43)s，下肢肌力减退者10例(10.53%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，血清25(OH)D₃是MHD患者下肢肌力减退的保护性因素[OR＝0.761，95%CI(0.592~0.978)，P＝0.033]。进一步ROC曲线分析显示，25(OH)D₃对应的ROC曲线下面积为0.815，其预测MHD患者发生下肢肌力减退的敏感度为80.00%，特异度为80.00%。 结论MHD患者血清25(OH)D₃水平普遍较低，下肢肌力减退者更为明显；血清维生素D水平对MHD患者是否存在下肢肌力减退具有较好的预测价值。