不同干预措施治疗腕舟骨骨折的网状Meta分析

目的采用网状Meta分析系统评价石膏固定、空心螺钉、Herbert螺钉、克氏针固定四种干预措施治疗腕舟骨骨折的疗效。方法检索建库至2019年12月31日的PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、Glinical Trial、中国学术期刊网络出版总库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)、维普科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方医学网等数据库所收录的腕舟骨骨折治疗随机对照试验,采用Stata 16.0对符合纳入标准的文献数据进行网状Meta分析及作图。结果纳入16篇文献,参与研究患者1193例。经网状Meta分析结果表明,治疗有效率方面,空心螺钉、Herbert螺钉、克氏针三种干预措施疗效均优于石膏固定,愈合时间均短于石膏固定。结论治疗腕舟骨骨折有效率、愈合时间SUCRA排序均为空心螺钉>Herbert螺钉>克氏针>石膏固定,因此空心螺钉成为最佳治疗措施的可能性最大。     

The optimal distance between two electrode tips during recording of compound nerve action potentials in the rat median nerve简

The distance between the two electrode tips can greatly influence the parameters used for record- ing compound nerve action potentials. To investigate the optimal parameters for these recordings in the rat median nerve, we dissociated the nerve using different methods and compound nerve action potentials were orthodromically or antidromically recorded with different electrode spac- ings. Compound nerve action potentials could be consistently recorded using a method in which the middle part of the median nerve was intact, with both ends dissociated from the surrounding fascia and a ground wire inserted into the muscle close to the intact part. When the distance be- tween two stimulating electrode tips was increased, the threshold and supramaximal stimulating intensity of compound nerve action potentials were gradually decreased, but the amplitude was not changed significantly. When the distance between two recording electrode tips was increased, the amplitude was gradually increased, but the threshold and supramaximal stimulating intensity exhibited no significant change. Different distances between recording and stimulating sites did not produce significant effects on the aforementioned parameters. A distance of 5 mm between recording and stimulating electrodes and a distance of 10 mm between recording and stimulating sites were found to be optimal for compound nerve action potential recording in the rat median nerve. In addition, the orthodromic compound action potential, with a biphasic waveform that was more stable and displayed less interference （however also required a higher threshold and higher supramaximal stimulus）, was found to be superior to the antidromic compound action potential.     

Association analysis of genes in serotonin pathway with attention and executive function in patients with bipolar affective disorder

Background

The reason why it is difficult to identify susceptibility genes attributed to bipolar disorder (BPD) is the phenotypic heterogeneity. The use of endophenotypes has been advocated as one possible strategy to discovery cause variants of BPD.

Methods

A total of 164 patients with BPD and 164 matched controls were employed in the present research. Fifty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the genes in serotonin pathway were selected for genotyping using the GoldenGate genotyping assay. All participants completed three neurocognitive tests including the tower of Hanoi (TOH), the Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST) and Trail making tests (TMTA and TMTB-M).

Results

Patients with BPD demonstrated a wide range of deficits in mental activities of attention and speed of information processing, and executive function. Significant interactions between rs2760347 in 5HTR2A gene and diagnosis were found for the executive time of TOH, with β = 11.82 and P = 0.002 (adjusted P = 0.03 after Bonferroni correction).

Conclusions

Cognitive impairments existing in BPD may be particularly notable in certain domains of attention and executive function, and 5HTR2A gene may be involved in modulating executive function of BP-I patients.     

Genes in the serotonin pathway are associated with bipolar affective disorder in a Han Chinese population

Serotonin plays an important role in mood regulation, but the involvement of serotonin pathway genes in the development of bipolar I disorder (BP-I), a mood disorder, is not clear. We selected 21 singlenucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the HTR2A gene, 8 within the SLC6A4 gene and 23 within the TPH2 gene for genotyping using the GoldenGate genotyping assay. A total of 375 patients with BP-I and 475 normal controls were recruited. Two out of 21 SNPs (rs1475196 and rs9567747) in the HTR2A gene and 1/23 SNPs (rs17110566) in the TPH2 gene were significantly associated with BP-I, both genotype-wise and allele-wise. Furthermore, a specific haplotype in the HTR2A gene showed a significant association with BP-I. Our results indicate that the HTR2A and TPH2 genes in the serotonin pathway play important roles in susceptibility to BP-I.     

Expanding the spectrum of PTH1R mutations in patients with primary failure of tooth eruption

Objectives

Primary failure of tooth eruption (PFE) is a rare autosomal-dominant disease characterized by severe lateral open bite as a consequence of incomplete eruption of posterior teeth. Heterozygous mutations in the parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) gene have been shown to cause PFE likely due to protein haploinsufficiency. To further expand on the mutational spectrum of PFE-associated mutations, we report here on the sequencing results of the PTH1R gene in 70 index PFE cases.

Materials and methods

Sanger sequencing of the PTH1R coding exons and their immediate flanking intronic sequences was performed with DNA samples from 70 index PFE cases.

Results

We identified a total of 30 unique variants, of which 12 were classified as pathogenic based on their deleterious consequences on PTH1R protein while 16 changes were characterized as unclassified variants with as yet unknown effects on disease pathology. The remaining two variants represent common polymorphisms.

Conclusions

Our data significantly increase the number of presently known unique PFE-causing PTH1R mutations and provide a series of variants with unclear pathogenicity which will require further in vitro assaying to determine their effects on protein structure and function.

Clinical relevance

Management of PTH1R-associated PFE is problematic, in particular when teeth are exposed to orthodontic force. Therefore, upon clinical suspicion of PFE, molecular DNA testing is indicated to support decision making for further treatment options.     

A novel rat full‐thickness hemi‐abdominal wall/hindlimb osteomyocutaneous combined flap: influence of allograft mass and vascularized bone marrow content on vascularized composite allograft survival

Vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMT) appears to promote tolerance for vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). However, it is unclear whether VBMT is critical for tolerance induction and, if so, whether there is a finite amount of VCA that VBMT can support. We investigated this with a novel VCA combined flap model incorporating full‐thickness hemiabdominal wall and hindlimb osteomyocutaneous (HAW/HLOMC) flaps. Effects of allograft mass (AM) and VBMT on VCA outcome were studied by comparing HAW/HLOMC VCAs with fully MHC‐mismatched BN donors and Lewis recipients. Control groups did not receive treatments following transplantation. Treatment groups received a short course of cyclosporine A (CsA), antilymphocyte serum, and three doses of adipocyte‐derived stem cells (POD 1, 8, and 15). The results showed that all flaps in control allogeneic groups rejected soon after VCAs. Treatment significantly prolonged allograft survival. Three of eight recipients in HLOMC treatment group had allografts survive long‐term and developed donor‐specific tolerance. Significantly higher peripheral chimerism was observed in HLOMC than other groups. It is concluded that the relative amount of AM to VBMT is a critical factor influencing long‐term allograft survival. Accordingly, VBMT content compared with VCA mass may be an important consideration for VCA in humans.     

学习状态对齿状回神经干细胞增殖的影响

目的：观察学习状态与学习不良对齿状回神经干细胞增殖状况的影响。方法：本实验于2005-5／10在广西医科大学神经解剖实验室完成，实验动物为成年雄性昆明小鼠。共27只。动物随机分为水迷宫训练组（n=18）及对照组n=9）。对照组不进行水迷宫训练。水迷宫训练组在经过训练后，根据其水迷宫训练中的表现将动物分为正常学习组和不良学习组。水迷宫训练组动物于水迷宫训练最后3d。以40mg／kg进行5-溴脱氧尿苷（BrdU）腹腔注射，每日3次。12h内完成。对照组同步进行5-澳脱氧尿苷注射；然后在水迷宫训练后的第1、7、14天，应用免疫组化染色检测齿状回神经干细胞的增殖及存活情况。 结果：各组实验动物均进入结果分析。无脱落。①学习状态对神经干细胞增殖的影响：正常学习组小鼠的5-溴脱氧尿苷阳性细胞数明显多于对照组和不良学习组（P〈0．01）。而对照组与不良学习组之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。②学习状态对增殖神经干细胞细胞存活的影响：水迷宫训练后第7天。正常学习组与不良学习组小鼠齿状回5-溴脱氧尿苷阳性细胞均数均明显多于对照组（P〈0．01）。正常学习组5-溴脱氧尿苷阳性细胞数多于不良学习组（P〈0．05）；水迷宫训练后第14天。正常学习组与不良学习组小鼠齿状回5-澳脱氧尿苷阳性细胞均数仍明显多于对照组小鼠（P〈0．01）；而正常学习组与不良学习组之间差异无显著性。 结论：神经干细胞的增殖活动不但受到学习记忆的调节，而且还与学习状态有关，但不良学习状态对齿状回的神经干细胞增殖不产生影响。