中低度近视FS-LASIK、SMILE及ICL植入术的效果比较

目的比较飞秒激光制瓣准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)、全飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)和有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL V4c)植入术三者矫正中低度近视的效果。方法采用回顾性研究。以惠州爱尔眼科医院2019年6月至2020年4月矫正中低度近视120例(120眼)作为研究对象,受术者分为FS-LASIK组、SMILE组及ICL组,每组40例(40眼),各组分别接受相应的手术,术后随访3个月比较其矫正效果。结果术后1个月及3个月,3组间视力及有效性指数对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ICL组安全性指数高于SMILE组及FS-LASIK组(P<0.05)。术后3个月FS-LASIK组的三叶草像差、彗差和球差出现明显变化,而SMILE组的变化较小,ICL组变化最小(P<0.05)。结论对中低度近视FS-LASK、SMILE及ICL植入术三者均有确切疗效,而ICL V4c植入术的安全性最高,患者的视觉质量最好。     

精神科护士夜班经历创伤事件后成长体验的质性研究

目的 探讨精神科护士夜班经历创伤事件后的成长体验,以期为护士不同阶段心理情况进行针对性干预和指导,并为护士职业生涯早期心理建设提供方向。方法 采用扎根理论的研究方法,2020年3月—7月对广东省某三级甲等医院12名夜班经历创伤事件的精神科护士进行深度访谈,采用Strauss和Corbin扎根理论分析资料,分为开放式登录、轴心式登录和选择式登录3个阶段,持续比较分析资料。结果 发现精神科护士夜班经历创伤事件后经历了应激期、调适期、成长期3个不同阶段。结论 精神科护士夜班经历创伤事件后的成长为动态过程,管理者或干预者可根据不同阶段进行针对性干预和指导,并在护士早期培训中促使其提前做好相关知识、技能的储备和必备心理素质的塑造。     

术前控制营养状态评分与肝细胞癌肝切除术后预后的研究进展

肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尽管在早期诊断和个体化治疗方面取得了进展,但经根治性切除等治疗后,HCC患者的临床预后仍不佳,复发率高。因此,在HCC患者中识别准确可靠的预后标志物是必要的。作为一种新的免疫营养生物标志物,控制营养状态(CONUT)评分已被报道用于预测癌症患者的预后。本文将对术前CONUT评分与HCC肝切除术后预后的研究进展进行综述。     

CCPG1 involved in corneal Aspergillus fumigatus infection

AIM: To investigate whether non-canonical autophagy transport receptor cell cycle progression 1 (CCPG1) is involved in the corneal antifungal immune response. METHODS: Human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and human myeloid leukemia mononuclear cells (THP-1) macrophages stimulated by Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) were used as cell models. The expression of CCPG1 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was used to determine the protein expression of CCPG1 and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The dectin-1 neutralizing antibody was used to detect the association between dectin-1 and CCPG1. Immunofluorescence was used to observe the colocalization of CCPG1 and C-type lectin-like receptor-1 (CLEC-1) in THP-1 macrophages. RESULTS: The expression of CCPG1 started to increase at 4h after infection and increased in a time-dependent manner in HCECs and THP-1 macrophages. With dectin-1 neutralizing antibody pretreatment, the expression of IL-1β was down-regulated. CCPG1 up-regulation in response to A. fumigatus infection was independent of dectin-1. Immunofluorescence showed the colocalization of CCPG1 and CLEC-1 in THP-1 macrophages. CONCLUSION: As a specific autophagy protein of non-canonical autophagy pathway, CCPG1 is involved in corneal infection with A. fumigatus.     

多维价值框架推动思政教学——药事法规课程思政建设探索

目的： 探究药事法规课程思政建设的思路与实施路径，为高等学校药学相关专业本科药事法规课程思政建设提供参考方法： 基于《高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要》的文件要求，汇总分析药事法规课程思政建设要点与思政元素，结合课堂内外资源，提出课程思政建设多维价值框架，并应用于药事法规课程思政教学中。结果与结论： 在课程思政教学中，可遵循“三结合，两巩固，一推动”的多维价值框架，将社会主义核心价值观、职业使命感、民族自豪感、中医药文化自信、家国情怀等思政元素融入其中。专业课程需起到良好的思政教学作用，但应注意坚持以学生为中心，做到“润物细无声”，有效把握不同课程思政元素的应用，并重视任课教师的言传身教，还需要对课程思政建设效果进行评价与反思，以使课程建设不断完善。     

Measuring healthy female nulliparous pubovisceral muscle from diffusion kurtosis imaging

This study explores the feasibility of using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in the pelvic floor region and assesses the water diffusivity of the pubovisceral muscle. Twenty-seven healthy young nulliparous females underwent DKI at 3.0 T that included 15 gradient directions and three b values (0, 750, and 1500 s/mm²). The diffusion tensor and diffusion kurtosis metrics values of the pubovisceral muscle were measured after image processing. Two independent sample t-tests, a paired-samples t-test, and a nonparametric hypothesis test were performed as appropriate to compare the differences among different metrics. Twenty-six subjects (mean ± standard deviation age, 25 ± 2 years) were successfully analyzed by measuring the diffusion tensor and diffusion kurtosis metrics of the bilateral pubovisceral muscles. The metrics included mean kurtosis, axial kurtosis, radial kurtosis, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity. We found no statistically significant differences for these measurement values between the left and right pubovisceral muscles (p = 0.271–0.931). However, radial kurtosis was greater than axial kurtosis in both pubovisceral muscles (p < 0.001) and axial diffusivity was lower than radial diffusivity in both pubovisceral muscles (p < 0.001). We deem the application of DKI technology to the pelvic floor region to be feasible.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间基于列线图预测隔离留观患者的焦虑抑郁情绪

<正>新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)因其传播速度快、传染性强及人群易感等特点,已被我国列入乙类传染病并按甲类传染病管理[1]。发热门诊隔离留观的患者具有发热等类新冠症状且面对环境的改变对心理可能带来负面影响。故本研究探讨COVID-19流行期间发热门诊隔离留观患者焦虑抑郁情绪及相关因素,以期尽早识别高危患者并进行心理干预治疗。     

剪切波成像对乳腺BI-RADS 4类肿块分类影响的研究

目的:探讨剪切波成像（shear wave elastography，SWE）对乳腺BI-RADS 4类肿块分类影响。方法:收集2017年9月至2019 年3月就诊于我院肿瘤科且常规超声定为BI-RADS 4类的乳腺肿瘤患者139例，共 157个病灶，在手术或穿刺活检前均进行SWE检查，以病理结果作为金标准，评估常规超声及SWE对乳腺肿块诊断的敏感度、特异度和准确性。结果:常规超声诊断4a类73个，4b类35个，4c类49个，常规超声诊断乳腺肿块的敏感性86.1%，特异性74.1%，准确性76.9%；SWE参数最大杨氏模量值（Emax）诊断乳腺良恶性病灶的临界值为94.15 kPa，以该值为诊断良恶性肿块的依据，SWE校正BI-RADS分类后诊断的敏感性87.5%，特异性90.6%，准确性90.4%。结论:SWE通过硬度信息评估，在常规超声的基础上矫正BI-RADS 4类肿块的亚分类，降低了误诊率，提高了诊断的准确性，有一定临床应用价值。     

前列腺特异性膜抗原PET/CT特异性分子显像在非前列腺癌诊断中的应用

前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）是由前列腺上皮细胞分泌的一种Ⅱ型谷氨酸缩肽酶，特异性高表达于前列腺癌及其转移灶的细胞中，在多数实体瘤部位毛细血管内皮细胞中有较高程度的表达。目前，已有超过二十种PSMA靶向的分子探针用于前列腺癌的诊断与治疗。本文综述了PSMA在除前列腺癌以外的多种实体瘤中的表达情况及PSMA-PET/CT特异性探针在非前列腺癌诊断中的临床应用实例，以期拓展以PSMA为靶点的新型PET探针在肿瘤分子诊断中的临床应用。     

Relationship between tRNA-derived fragments and human cancers

tRNA-derived fragments, a class of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs), have been identified in numerous studies in recent years. tRNA-derived fragments are classified into two main groups, including tRNA halves (tiRNAs) and tRNA-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs), according to different cleavage positions of the precursor or mature tRNAs. Instead of random tRNA degradation debris, a growing body of evidence has shown that tRNA-derived fragments are precise products of specific tRNA modifications and play important roles in biological activities, such as regulating protein translation, affecting gene expression, and altering immune signaling. Recently, the relations between tRNA-derived fragments and the occurrence of human diseases, especially cancers, have generated wide interest. It has been demonstrated that tRNA-derived fragments are involved in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, progression and survival. In this review, we will describe the biogenesis of tRNA-derived fragments, the distinct expression and function of tRNA-derived fragments in the development of cancers, and their emerging roles as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and precise targets of future treatments.