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Establishing Biomechanical Mechanisms in Mouse Models: Practical Guidelines for Systematically Evaluating Phenotypic Changes in the Diaphyses of Long Bones 下载免费PDF全文
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Effects of Deletion of ERα in Osteoblast‐Lineage Cells on Bone Mass and Adaptation to Mechanical Loading Differ in Female and Male Mice 下载免费PDF全文
Katherine M Melville Natalie H Kelly Gina Surita Daniel B Buchalter John C Schimenti Russell P Main F Patrick Ross Marjolein CH van der Meulen 《Journal of bone and mineral research》2015,30(8):1468-1480
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been implicated in bone's response to mechanical loading in both males and females. ERα in osteoblast lineage cells is important for determining bone mass, but results depend on animal sex and the cellular stage at which ERα is deleted. We demonstrated previously that when ERα is deleted from mature osteoblasts and osteocytes in mixed‐background female mice, bone mass and strength are decreased. However, few studies exist examining the skeletal response to loading in bone cell–specific ERαKO mice. Therefore, we crossed ERα floxed (ERαfl/fl) and osteocalcin‐Cre (OC‐Cre) mice to generate animals lacking ERα in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes (pOC‐ERαKO) and littermate controls (LC). At 10 weeks of age, the left tibia was loaded in vivo for 2 weeks. We analyzed bone mass through micro‐CT, bone formation rate by dynamic histomorphometry, bone strength from mechanical testing, and osteoblast and osteoclast activity by serum chemistry and immunohistochemistry. ERα in mature osteoblasts differentially regulated bone mass in males and females. Compared with LC, female pOC‐ERαKO mice had decreased cortical and cancellous bone mass, whereas male pOC‐ERαKO mice had equal or greater bone mass than LC. Bone mass results correlated with decreased compressive strength in pOC‐ERαKO female L5 vertebrae and with increased maximum moment in pOC‐ERαKO male femora. Female pOC‐ERαKO mice responded more to mechanical loading, whereas the response of pOC‐ERαKO male animals was similar to their littermate controls. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. 相似文献
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目的 探讨延续性护理在心脏瓣膜置换术患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2017年1月—2019年1月在四川省德阳市人民医院接受心脏瓣膜置换术治疗的80例瓣膜性心脏病患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例.出院后对照组不进行主动护理,观察组采用延续性护理,对两组患者干预前后服药依从性、生活质量及心功能进行比较分析.结果 出院时两组服药依从性、生活质量及心功能比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),出院后6个月观察组服药依从性、生活质量及心功能均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 延续性护理应用于心脏瓣膜置换术出院患者中可提高患者服药依从性,提升患者生活质量及心功能恢复,值得临床借鉴推广. 相似文献
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In secondary prevention, among a very wide range of survivors of prior occlusive cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and those suffering acute myocardial infarction (MI) or occlusive stroke, aspirin decreases risks of MI, stroke, and CVD death. In these high risk patients, the absolute benefits are large and absolute risks are far smaller so aspirin should be more widely prescribed. In contrast, in primary prevention, aspirin reduces risks of first MI but the evidence on stroke and CVD death remain inconclusive. Based on the current totality of evidence from predominantly low risk subjects where the absolute benefits is low and side effects the same as in secondary prevention, any decision to prescribe aspirin for primary prevention should be an individual clinical judgment by the healthcare provider that weighs the absolute benefit in reducing the risk of a first MI against the absolute risk of major bleeding. If the ongoing trials of intermediate risks subjects show net benefits then general guidelines may be justified with several caveats. First, any decision to use aspirin should continue to be made by the healthcare provider. Second, therapeutic lifestyle changes and other drugs of life saving benefit such as statins should be considered with aspirin as an adjunct, not alternative. The more widespread and appropriate use of aspirin in primary prevention is particularly attractive, especially in developing countries where CVD is emerging as the leading cause of death. In addition, aspirin is generally widely available over the counter and is extremely inexpensive. 相似文献