瓜蒌薤白桂枝汤对老年冠心病患者的临床观察

目的:探究瓜蒌薤白桂枝汤对老年冠心病患者血脂及NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、Fib水平影响。方法:选取2014年4月至2018年4月西藏民族大学附属医院收治的老年冠心病患者78例作为研究对象,根据就诊顺序编号,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组39例。对照组常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用瓜蒌薤白桂枝汤治疗,同时治疗4周。观察2组治疗前、完成治疗后血脂、NT-pro BNP、hs-CRP、Fib、WBC、HCY、血流流变学、心脏功能水平变化并比较;完成治疗后进行疗效评价。结果:观察组患者治疗后TC、TG、HDL-C、NT-proBNP、hs-CRP、Fib、WBC、HCY、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数下降较对照组患者幅度更低,LDL-C、EDD、NEDD、LVEF、LVPFR上升幅度及治疗后临床总有效率较对照组更高(P<0.05)。结论:瓜蒌薤白桂枝汤能降低老年冠心病患者血脂水平,抑制炎性反应,改善冠状动脉血循环,从而提高疗效,改善心功能。     

西部单中心51例套细胞淋巴瘤患者临床特征及预后因素分析

目的:研究套细胞淋巴瘤（MCL)患者的临床特点及预后相关因素，进一步全面评估病情，探索个体化治疗。方法:回顾性分析2012年1 月至2016年12 月经我院病理科确诊的51例MCL 患者的临床特点、住院20例患者的预后分层和不同化疗方案的近期及远期疗效，并进行随访观察。结果:20例住院治疗患者中，R-Hyper-CVAD组及R-CHOP样组的ORR（分别为100%、100%）均高于其未联合美罗华组（分别为50%、40%）；MIPI评分中，低危组ORR为75.0%，明显高于中危组（16.6%）；CD5-患者CR、PR均高于CD5+患者；Ki67≥30%患者CR率（20%）大于Ki67＜30%组（11%），PR率则相反；Ki67＜30%患者3年OS明显高于Ki67≥30%患者，有统计学差异，而PFS无统计学差异；MIPI分组中，低危组3年OS明显高于中高危组，有统计学差异，PFS无统计学差异；美罗华组无论OS还是PFS均高于非美罗华组；Hyper-CVAD组与非Hyper-CVAD组OS、PFS均无统计学差异。结论:美罗华联合化疗治疗MCL的疗效是肯定的，绝大多数患者能够耐受减低剂量的Hyper-CVAD A及B方案化疗，但统计学显示与非Hyper-CVAD组无明显差异，可能与病例数偏少相关，需要更多大样本的循证医学的支持。     

Genome comparison of African swine fever virus China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ strain and related European p72 Genotype II strains

African swine fever was introduced into China in August 2018 and led to high mortality in domestic pigs. We reported the genome characterization of the China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ strain mainly based on next‐generation sequencing and comparison with related European p72 Genotype II strains. The genome was 189,393 bp long, encoding 181 open reading frames. Pair‐wise genome sequence comparison revealed 54–107 variation sites between China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ and the other genotype II virulent strains contributing to the change of expression or alteration of amino acid residues in 10–38 genes. China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ strain shared the highest similarity with POL/2015/Podlaskie strain. Phylogenetic analysis based on a 125 kb long conserved central region revealed that the China/2018/AnhuiXCGQ strain and four European genotype II strains were grouped into three clusters. This study expanded our knowledge on the genetic diversity and evolution of ASFV and provided valuable information for diagnosis improvement and vaccine development.     

The gut microbiota at the intersection of bile acids and intestinal carcinogenesis: An old story,yet mesmerizing

The prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has markedly increased worldwide in the last decade. Alterations of bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota have been reported to play vital roles in intestinal carcinogenesis. About trillions of bacteria have inhabited in the human gut and maintained the balance of host metabolism. Bile acids are one of numerous metabolites that are synthesized in the liver and further metabolized by the gut microbiota, and are essential in maintaining the normal gut microbiota and lipid digestion. Multiple receptors such as FXR, GPBAR1, PXR, CAR and VDR act as sensors of bile acids have been reported. In this review, we mainly discussed interplay between bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in intestinal carcinogenesis. We then summarized the critical role of bile acids receptors involving in CRC, and also addressed the rationale of multiple interventions for CRC management by regulating bile acids–microbiota axis such as probiotics, metformin, ursodeoxycholic acid and fecal microbiota transplantation. Thus, by targeting the bile acids–microbiota axis may provide novel therapeutic modalities in CRC prevention and treatment.     

大鼠腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元介导食欲素促进全麻后觉醒效应

目的:研究大鼠腹侧被盖区(VTA)多巴胺能神经元是否介导食欲素(orexin)的促进全麻后觉醒效应。方法:将兴奋性光遗传病毒注射至Hcrt-cre大鼠的orexin阳性神经元所在的下丘脑外侧穹隆周区(PeFLH),同时在VTA区注射抑制性化学遗传病毒及带有酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)-cre的混合病毒抑制多巴胺能神经元,并在VTA区植入光纤。观察通过化学遗传抑制VTA区多巴胺能神经元后,光遗传兴奋VTA区的orexin阳性神经投射终末是否仍能引起促进异氟醚麻醉后觉醒的效应。结果:与对照组相比,用化学遗传技术预先抑制VTA区多巴胺能神经元,阻断了光遗传兴奋VTA区orexin阳性神经投射终末所产生的缩短大鼠1.4%异氟醚麻醉后觉醒时间的作用;并阻断了光遗传兴奋VTA区orexin阳性神经投射终末所产生的降低大鼠1.4%异氟醚麻醉中脑电图爆发抑制率(BSR)效应。用Fos染色法验证了化学遗传法抑制多巴胺能神经元的可靠性。结论:抑制VTA区的多巴胺能神经元能够阻断兴奋大鼠VTA区orexin阳性神经末梢所产生的促进大鼠异氟醚后觉醒的效应,提示VTA区的多巴胺神经神经元介导了orexin调控VTA区产生的促进觉醒效应。     

Interplay between bile acids and the gut microbiota promotes intestinal carcinogenesis

The gut microbiota and the bile acid pool play pivotal roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Bile acids are produced in the liver from cholesterol and metabolized in the intestine by the gut microbiota. Gut dysbiosis has been reported to be associated with colorectal cancer. However, the interplay between bile acid metabolism and the gut microbiota during intestinal carcinogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential roles of bile acids and the gut microbiota in the cholic acid (CA; a primary bile acid)‐induced intestinal adenoma‐adenocarcinoma sequence. Apc ^min/+ mice, which spontaneously develop intestinal adenomas, were fed a diet supplemented with 0.4% CA for 12 weeks. Mice that were fed a normal diet were regarded as untreated controls. In CA‐treated Apc ^min/+ mice, the composition of the gut microbiota was significantly altered, and CA was efficiently transformed into deoxycholic acid (a secondary bile acid) by the bacterial 7α‐dehydroxylation reaction. The intestinal adenoma‐adenocarcinoma sequence was observed in CA‐treated Apc ^min/+ mice and was accompanied by an impaired intestinal barrier function and IL‐6/STAT3‐related low‐grade inflammation. More importantly, microbiota depletion using an antibiotic cocktail globally compromised CA‐induced intestinal carcinogenesis, suggesting a leading role for the microbiota during this process. Overall, our data suggested that the crosstalk between bile acids and the gut microbiota mediated intestinal carcinogenesis, which might provide novel therapeutic strategies against intestinal tumor development.     

水陆地黄汤联合盐酸贝那普利对气阴两虚夹瘀型糖尿病肾病氧化应激及临床指标的影响

目的:观察水陆地黄汤对气阴两虚夹瘀型糖尿病肾病氧化应激及临床指标的影响。方法:60例气阴两虚夹瘀型糖尿病肾病患者随机分为对照组与联合组,每组30例,对照组给予盐酸贝那普利片10 mg,1次/d,联合组在对照组基础上加服水陆地黄汤,1剂/d。治疗12周后观察两组氧化应激指标:谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)及临床指标:空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、尿微量白蛋白(mALB)、24 h尿蛋白定量(24 hU-PQ)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)的变化及临床症状的改善。结果:联合组治疗总有效率为90.0%,与对照组56.7%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后联合组MDA较治疗前均降低(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-Px均高于治疗前(P<0.05),与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);联合组FPG、2 hPG、HbA1c、mALB、24 hU-PQ、eGFR较治疗前均降低(P<0.01)。结论:水陆地黄汤联合盐酸贝那普利可改善气阴两虚夹瘀型糖尿病肾病氧化应激状态,明显缓解临床症状,延缓病程进展。     

基于信息化的手术分级及非计划再手术管理智能实时监控研究

目的探索通过开发基于信息化的手术分级及非计划再手术管理智能实时监控系统,以提高手术管理的质量和效率。方法通过上海市嘉定区南翔医院开发的“南翔医院手术及非计划再手术智能监控系统1.0”,对,手术及非计划再手术进行实时监控。结果与传统的手术检查模式相比,基于信息化的手术分级及非计划再手术管理智能实时监控更为及时、有效,有助于提高检查效率和质量。结论基于信息化的手术分级及非计划再手术管理智能实时监控已具备现实可能性,可以将事后监控前伸,提高手术监管的效率和质量,对提高医疗质量、确保手术安全也能起到有效的作用。