曲美他嗪对老年糖尿病合并高血压血浆骨膜蛋白、血清孤独G蛋白耦联受体配体及内皮功能的影响

目的探讨曲美他嗪对老年糖尿病合并高血压血浆骨膜蛋白(periostin)、血清孤独G蛋白耦联受体配体(apelin)及内皮功能的影响。方法选取90例老年糖尿病合并高血压患者随机分为对照组(45例)和观察组(45例),对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予曲美他嗪治疗。分别于治疗前和治疗后4 w和8 w比较两组临床疗效、血压、血糖、血脂、血浆periostin和apelin水平和内皮功能指标水平。结果治疗后,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4.865,P=0.027);两组空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血浆periostin、内皮素(ET)-1、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)均明显低于治疗前,治疗后8 w明显优于治疗后4 w,且治疗后,观察组明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、apelin、血管扩张率(FMD)和一氧化氮(NO)水平均明显高于治疗前,治疗后8 w明显优于治疗后4 w,且治疗后,观察组明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论曲美他嗪对老年糖尿病合并高血压患者具有较好的临床疗效,可降低血压和血糖指标,改善血脂指标,其机制可能与调节血浆periostin、apelin及内皮功能指标有关。     

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF FLUVASTATIN ON AORTIC INTIMAL THICKENING IN NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC RABBITS

Objective, The anti-atherosclerotic effect of fluvastatin at doses insufficient to lower serum cholesterol on the catheter-induced intimal thickening and possible mechanism were investigated in abdominal aorta of rabbits. Methods. Fifty-six rabbits were randomly divided into eight groups( n = 7, each). Fluvastatin was given mixed with food at daily dose of 8mg/kg starting 5 days before catheterization. Light microscope, immanohistochemistry, transmis-sion electron microscope and RT-PCR assay were applied to assess vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and apoptosis, as well as oncogene expression in vascular wall. Results. At day 10 and day 15 after catheter induced denudation intima/media( I/M) thickness ratio was obviously higher, and also the percentage of PCNA-positive cells and TUNEL-positive cells in media was significantly higher compared with controls. The intimal hyperplasia was mostly composed of α-SM-actin-pesitive cells. In rabbits given flu-vastatin I/M ratio and the percentage of these positive cells significantly decreased compared with those without fluvas-tatin.The overexpression of proto-oncogene H-ras mRNA and decreased expression of anti-oncogene p53 mRNA were found after vascular injury, whereas fluvastatin significantly reduced H-ras mRNA and increased p53 mRNA expres-sion. Conclusion. Proliferation of VSMC in the media and the migration to the intima can be inhibited, and apoptosis of VSMC be induced by short-term use of fluvastatin after balloon catheter denudation, independent of serum lipid change. The underlying mechanism is presumably associated With the influence of fluvastatin on oncogene expression in the injured vascular Wall.     

SOX-2和OCT-4在宫颈鳞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨SOX-2及OCT-4表达与宫颈鳞癌病理分级的关系及其在宫颈癌发生、发展等方面的作用和意义.方法应用免疫组织化学技术和RT-PCR方法在蛋白及核酸水平检测SOX-2及OCT-4在正常宫颈及宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达.结果(1)免疫组化染色显示,正常宫颈组织与中、低分化宫颈鳞癌组织中SOX-2的表达差异有显著性(P<0.05);OCT-4在正常宫颈和宫颈鳞癌组织表达差异有显著性(P<0.01).(2)RT-PCR示SOX-2mRNA在正常宫颈及中、低分化宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达差异有显著性(P<0.01),并且SOX-2的表达随着病理学分级的下降而表达上调;OCT-4mRNA在正常宫颈及宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达差异有显著性(P<0.01),但OCT-4的表达与病理学分级无关.结论 SOX-2和OCT-4可能在宫颈鳞癌的发生、发展中起重要作用.     

韶关市区2010-2014年儿童入托体检结果分析

目的了解韶关市区2010-2014年儿童入托前体格发育、智力发育及常见病患病率变化趋势,为更好的制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法收集整理2010-2014年韶关市区进行入托前体检的23 071名儿童的体检资料,对性别、身高、体重、贫血、龋齿、营养不良、肥胖、视力异常等资料进行统计分析。结果2010-2014年入托前儿童的男女性别比没有明显差异;入托前儿童身高、体重达标率、龋齿、视力异常的患病率呈逐年上升趋势;贫血及营养不良的患病率均呈逐年下降趋势;2010-2014年入托前儿童肥胖的患病率没有明显的变化。结论韶关市区入托前儿童的视力异常及龋齿的发病率逐年上升,儿童在入托以后需要进一步加强儿童入托后的营养搭配及常见疾病的预防。     

病毒性心肌炎患儿心率变异的研究

病毒性心肌炎(CMV)是小儿的常见疾病,目前主要是应用血清酶学等指标对其进行诊断和预后判断,较少涉及心脏自主神经功能的变化.心率变异(HRV)是指窦性心率在一定时间内的周期性改变的现象,一般可分时域分析和频域分析两部分,是反映心脏自主神经功能变化的重要指标.我们于2002年1月～2002年6月对部分正常小儿及病毒性心肌炎患儿进行了短程HRV研究,以探讨CMV患儿HRV的变化及意义.……     

舒适护理在门诊静脉输液患者中的应用

目的在门诊静脉输液中,采用舒适护理模式取得良好效果。方法对门诊输液治疗患者采用问卷调查的方法,通过舒适护理模式的应用和对门诊输液患者的调查,患者满意率高达99.7%。结果经问卷调查统计,患者满意率高达99.7%。结论在门诊输液中,采用舒适护理模式,可以提高患者的满意度。     

左卡尼汀联合EPO治疗维持性血透患者肾性贫血的临床观察

目的 观察左卡尼汀和促红细胞生成素(EPO)治疗维持性血液透析患者肾性贫血的疗效,以及对促红细胞生成素用量的影响.方法 将维持性血液透析肾性贫血患者60例随机分成两组,治疗组在应用促红细胞生成素的同时血透后静脉推注左卡尼汀,对照组单用红细胞生成素,治疗12周,两组促红细胞生成素初始用量均为每周150U/kg,当血红蛋白≥100g/L,红细胞压积≥30%时,EPO逐渐减量至维持量.结果 两组患者的血红蛋白、红细胞压积较治疗前均有所提高(P＜0.05),治疗组于治疗后促红细胞生成素用量仅为治疗前的一半,而对照组促红细胞生成素用量无明显改变.结论 左卡尼汀能显著提高促红细胞生成素治疗肾性贫血的疗效,减少促红细胞生成素的用量.     

肝脏特异性可调控丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白表达的转基因小鼠模型的建立

【目的】制备TRE-HCV-C转基因小鼠，为四环素调控系统的体内研究提供了反应部分的转基因小鼠。以便与本实验室同时建立的调控部分的小鼠共同作用，为进一步建立双转基因小鼠模型奠定基础，更为丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白（HCV-C）的发病机制的研究提供一个实用方便的模型。【方法】重组构建含有目的基因HCV-C、TRE序列和SV40polyA的转基因载体pTRE-HCV-C．以显微注射的方法将l_153kb的转基因片段注人BALB／C母鼠的受精卵．出生动物及其后代经PCR初步筛选出阳性．再经Southern杂交对阳性鼠基因组DNA标本行进一步鉴定。用转基因阳性小鼠和整合有肝脏特异性启动子ApoE和胛A基因的另一品系转基因小鼠杂交，得到子代F1小鼠，通过免疫组织化学来初步检测HCV-C在肝脏中特异性的可调控性的表达。【结果】产生了5只整合有TRE-HCV-C基因的首建鼠，以及它的子代也带有此基因。与基因组上整合有肝脏特异性启动子ApoE和rtTA基因的转基因小鼠杂交后，得到子代F1小鼠。特定时问与DOX作用后，小鼠肝脏的免疫组织化学结果表明，TRE-HCV-C小鼠为丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白的发病机制研究提供了一个良好的动物模型工具。【结论】成功制备了HCV-C转基因小鼠，可利用四环素调控系统来研究HCV中的C基因对小鼠的作用，为进一步建立四环素调控系统调控下表达HCV-C基因双转基因小鼠模型奠定基础．也是HCV-C基因功能研究及与肝细胞癌的关系的机制研究的一个有用工具。     

医疗器械生物学安全性评价——风险分析

1 引言 在对事物的结果没有十分把握的情况下,进行活动会带来风险,其后果可能与预期结果不一致.而对一个患者健康状况方面的任何影响,都难免带来不良后果的风险,因为患者在现有的医疗条什下和特殊治疗中本来就有一定风险.     

Analysis of Infertility Rate among Firstly Married Chinese Women During 1976-1985

Data of “China Two-per-thousand Fertility and Contraception Survey‘, a project organized by the State Family Planning Commission in 1988, were applied to analyze the infertility rates in Chinese married women and its probable affectingfactors,The average infertility rate in firstly married Chinese women in 1976-1985 was 6.89%.The rates were gradually declining while calendar years in which Chinese women got married were close to 1985. Approximately 11.32percent of the women who were married in 1976 experienced infertility, whereas 3.89 percent of those did in 1985. The infertility rates in the women whose age of getting married were youhger than 20 years or elder than 29 years were apparently higher than those of the 20s. The rates were gradually going up while the age at women‘s menarche was increasing. The infertility rates were relatively lower in the developed economic regions of the eastern provinces and the metropolises in contrast to the western mountainous regions. The married women in rural area had slightly higher infertility rate than those in urban area. The infertility rates in women who used contraceptives before or immediately after their marriage showed no significant difference to those of nonuser.