CA19-9、CA242、CEA胰腺肿瘤标记物与胰腺癌可切除性的相关性研究

目的 观察胰腺癌患者血清肿瘤标记物CA19-9、CA242、癌胚抗原（CEA）的表达，试图寻找将影像学认为可切除而实际无法切除的患者筛选出来的敏感指标。方法 采用免疫分析法和放射免疫法检测23例可切除和45例未能切除共68例胰腺癌患者的血清CA19-9、CA242、CEA3种胰腺肿瘤标记物的表达，并进行对照研究。结果 3种肿瘤标记物中CA19-9、CA242浓度不可切除组明显高于可切除组（P=0．01。P=0．02），而CEA2组间无差异（P=0．08）。结论 血清CA19-9、CA242的明显升高可作为判断胰腺癌无法切除的辅助指标。     

MMR, MCM2, Cyclin A, and TGFRB as prognostic factors for colorectal cancer: results of a 10-year prospective study using tissue microarray analysis

Background: The expression of genes encoding a number of pathogenetic pathways involved in colorectal cancer could potentially act as prognostic markers. Large prospective studies are required to establish their relevance to disease prognosis. Methods: We investigated the relevance of 19 markers in 790 patients enrolled in a large randomised trial of 5-fluorouracil using immunohistochemistry and chromogenic in situ hybridisation. The relationship between overall 10-year survival and marker status was assessed. Results: MCM2 and Cyclin A were significantly associated with overall survival. Elevated MCM2 expression was associated with a better prognosis (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46–0.86). Cyclin A expression above the median predicted an improved patient prognosis (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.53–0.95). For mismatch repair deficiency and TGFBRII overexpression there was a borderline association with a poorer prognosis (HR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.46–1.04 and HR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.02–4.40, respectively).No apparent associations were found for other markers （eg, VEGF, MMP2, TIMP2,Upa, SMAD4, PRL3, EGFR, AND HER2）. Conclusions: This study identified cell proliferation and cyclin A expression as prognostic indicators of patient outcome in colorectal cancer.     

肝脏血管周上皮细胞瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的 提高肝脏血管周上皮细胞瘤诊断与外科治疗水平.方法 回顾性分析我院腹部外科收治的14例肝脏血管周上皮细胞瘤的临床资料并进行随访.结果 14例患者中男性4例,女性10例,平均年龄46.3岁,均无肝炎病史,术前AFP均正常,肿瘤均为单发,直径5～17cm.14例患者均行手术切除,11例行肝肿瘤不规则切除术,3例行左半肝切除术.14例标本均无完整包膜,质软,边界清,免疫组化HMB45 (14/14)表达阳性.患者术后恢复良好,除2例失访外,无肿瘤复发.结论 肝脏血管周上皮细胞瘤无特异性临床症状,术前影像学检查难以确诊,肿瘤切除术是首选治疗方法,预后良好.     

胃癌腹腔分子残留病灶的诊断方法

腹膜转移是胃癌最常见的转移形式, 是主要致死原因之一。部分患者在手术时往往存在腹腔微小转移灶, 这会导致胃癌患者术后的复发转移, 因此要积极开展胃癌腹膜转移的防治。分子残留病灶是指经过治疗后, 传统影像学或其他实验室方法不能发现, 但可通过液体活检发现的肿瘤来源分子异常, 代表肿瘤持续存在和临床进展的可能。近年来, 基于循环肿瘤DNA检测分子残留病灶逐渐成为了腹膜转移防治领域的研究热点。本课题组建立了胃癌分子残留病灶分子诊断的新方法, 并对该领域研究成果进行了评析。     

脾脏错构瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的 探讨脾脏错构瘤的诊断与外科治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析我院1997年1月至2007年12月收治的3例脾脏错构瘤患者临床病理资料,并检索同期国内文献报道的17例脾脏错构瘤患者的临床资料,对该病的临床表现、病理特点、诊断和治疗进行分析.结果 20例脾脏错构瘤患者以左上腹部不适为首发症状13例,无任何症状7例.20例患者均接受手术治疗,术后恢复良好,无严重并发症发生,无肿瘤复发转移.结论 脾脏错构瘤的确诊依赖于术后病理学诊断,手术切除是最佳治疗手段,预后较好.     

直肠癌前切除术中的直肠冲洗

在直肠癌前切除术过程中，直肠内脱落的癌细胞是否是引起吻合口种植复发的重要原因目前尚无定论，但是术中直肠冲洗作为减少肿瘤复发的措施已在临床工作中应用^[1]。本文研究直肠癌细胞脱落的阳性率，并探索建立术中直肠冲洗的有效方法。     

胰腺黏液性肿瘤22例临床诊治分析

目的 探讨胰腺黏液性肿瘤的诊断和治疗.方法 对1999年1月至2007年6月我院腹部外科收治的经病理证实的22例胰腺黏液性肿瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤3例,黏液非囊性癌11例,黏液性囊性肿瘤8例.临床表现无特异性,影像学检查难以确诊.22例均行手术治疗,术后2例失访.黏液性囊性肿瘤术后1例因复发转移死亡;导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤1例出现复发转移死亡;黏液非囊性癌失访2例,其余均于5～22个月内死亡,平均生存期lO个月.结论 胰腺黏液性肿瘤是一种恶性或潜在恶性病变.胰腺导管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤和胰腺黏液性囊性肿瘤根治性切除术后疗效满意,胰腺黏液非囊性癌预后差,生物学特点有待于进一步研究.     

胰十二指肠切除术后住院时间影响因素分析-回顾性研究

Background. Postoperative hospital stay after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) was relatively longer than other gastrointestinal operations, The aim of current study was to investigate the risk factors of postoperative hospital stay after PD. Methods. Patients who were performed PD in Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CHCAMS) between December 2008 and November 2012 were selected for the retrospective study. The clinical and pathological data was collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was postoperative hospital stay. Normal discharge or recovery was defined as postoperative hospital stay no more than 10 days, otherwise it was defined as delayed discharge or recovery (including hospital death). Results. Finally, 152 patients were enrolled in present study. Postoperative hospital stay was 19.7±7.7 (7-57 d). 67 of 152 patients were normal discharge, and 85 of 152 patients were delayed discharge. The overall morbidity of complications was 62.5% (95/152), and the mortality rate was 3.29% (5/152). Multiple factors analysis showed that complication morbidity (adjusted OR=10.40, 95%CI=3.58-30.22), age (adjusted OR=4.09, 95%CI=1.16-14.39), BMI (body mass index) (adjusted OR=4.40, 95%CI=1.19-16.23), surgical procedure (adjusted OR=26.14, 95%CI=4.94-153.19), blood transfusion (adjusted OR=7.68, 95%CI=2.09-28.27) and fluid input (adjusted OR=3.47, 95%CI=1.24-11.57) were significantly associated with delayed discharge. Conclusions. Postoperative complications affects the postoperative hospital discharge. Furthermore, age, BMI, transfused red blood, surgical procedure and input might prolong LOS (length of hospital stay). Studies with more patients were needed in future.     

脾脏错构瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的 探讨脾脏错构瘤的诊断与外科治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析我院1997年1月至2007年12月收治的3例脾脏错构瘤患者临床病理资料,并检索同期国内文献报道的17例脾脏错构瘤患者的临床资料,对该病的临床表现、病理特点、诊断和治疗进行分析.结果 20例脾脏错构瘤患者以左上腹部不适为首发症状13例,无任何症状7例.20例患者均接受手术治疗,术后恢复良好,无严重并发症发生,无肿瘤复发转移.结论 脾脏错构瘤的确诊依赖于术后病理学诊断,手术切除是最佳治疗手段,预后较好.     

早期壶腹癌的外科手术进展

十二指肠乳头及壶腹癌是一种较少见的恶性肿瘤。目前主要以手术治疗为主,以胰十二指肠切除术为主要术式。对于早期壶腹癌的治疗有学者提出以局部切除或内镜下乳头切除。局部切除及内镜下切除具有手术死亡率、术后并发症发生率低等优势。但由于缺乏大宗的病例对照研究,对于早期壶腹癌的局部切除治疗的效果仍存在争论。