快速康复外科联合腹腔镜技术治疗婴儿先天性巨结肠

目的：评估快速康复外科（FTS）理念联合腹腔镜技术治疗婴儿先天性巨结肠的安全性及临床效果。方法回顾性分析南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院新生儿外科2010年6月至2013年6月接受择期手术治疗的72例年龄为2．5～5．0月的先天性巨结肠患儿的临床资料,根据家长意愿,其中33例予以快速康复外科理念指导下联合腹腔镜手术（FTS组）,39例予以单纯腹腔镜手术（对照组）,比较两组患儿手术以及术后肠功能恢复时间、总住院时间、住院费用和并发症发生率等情况。结果 FTS组与对照组患儿术中出血和手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。术后肠功能恢复时间FTS组（42±9） d,对照组（46±8） d;虽两组差异无统计学（P＝0．078）,但FTS组要快于对照组。FTS组总住院时间为（10±2） d,住院费用（15316±2273）元,明显低于对照组的（14±4） d和（18641±3082）元（P＜0．01）。随访4周,两组术后并发症发生率和术后恢复情况比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论快速康复外科理念联合腹腔镜技术治疗婴儿先天性巨结肠安全、有效。     

ZEB2和PTEN在先天性巨结肠发生中的意义分析

目的研究ZEB2和PTEN在先天性巨结肠中的表达情况,探讨两者在先天性巨结肠发生中可能的调控关系。方法采用实时定量PCR和蛋白电泳技术检测64例先天性巨结肠狭窄段和扩张段中ZEB2和PTEN mRNA及蛋白表达情况。采用Pearson相关性检验分析ZEB2和PTEN在先天性巨结肠狭窄段和扩张段中表达的相关性。在体外细胞SH-SY5Y中应用ZEB2 siRNA干扰技术降低ZEB2表达,检测其对PTEN表达的影响,利用Transwell实验、CCK-8实验和流式细胞仪技术检测ZEB2对细胞迁移、增殖、周期和凋亡功能。结果 ZEB2和PTEN mRNA在先天性巨结肠狭窄段的表达均比扩张段显著增高(ZEB2:1.2 823±0.1 323 vs 0.987 7±0.124 9,P=0.007 3;PTEN:0.113 2±0.010 9 vs 0.045 9±0.005 8,P0.001)。ZEB2和PTEN在先天性巨结肠狭窄段和扩张段组织中蛋白表达与mRNA表达一致(ZEB2:0.709±0.035 vs 0.531±0.027,P=0.016 6;PTEN:0.466±0.047 vs 0.234±0.052,P=0.029 3)。ZEB2与PTEN mRNA表达在巨结肠狭窄段(r=0.48,P0.001)和扩张段(r=0.54,P0.001)中均呈显著正相关。干扰ZEB2mRNA表达后,体外细胞SH-SY5Y的PTENmRNA和蛋白表达显著下降,细胞增殖和迁移能力受到显著抑制。结论 ZEB2和PTEN在先天性巨结肠狭窄段中表达显著增加;ZEB2表达增加可能是PTEN通过竞争性内源性RNA机制调控后的继发性的改变。     

儿童胸腹腔镜技术学习班暨第8届大陆香港小儿微创外科学习班通知

苏州大学附属儿童医院、上海交通大学附属新华医院和香港大学玛丽医院受香港SK Yee Medical Foundation资助,于2011年6月10～12日在苏州大学附属儿童医院举办“2011年国家级继续教育项目《儿童胸腹腔镜镜技术学习班》暨第8届中国大陆一香港小儿微创外科学习班”,     

肠折叠术在肠闭锁手术中的应用

目的 评价肠折叠术在肠闭锁手术中的应用效果.方法 回顾分析2005年4月至2009年4月南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院收治的68例肠闭锁患儿术前、术中和术后恢复过程的临床资料,比较手术方法、胎龄、出生体重、伴发疾病、手术年龄和时间、住院时间、全静脉营养持续时间、肠功能恢复时间(术后经口喂养时间、术后经口喂养达40ml/3 h的时间)、生长发育以及是否需再手术等方面的差异.结果 根据手术方法将患儿分为二组,38例在切除闭锁盲端肠吻合基础上加肠折叠术(折叠组),30例行扩张段斜行切除肠成形术(对照组);二组在胎龄、出生体重、伴发疾病、手术年龄上差异无统计学意义;折叠组手术时间(1.21±0.24)h、住院时间(12.2±2.5)d比对照组(1.77±0.31)h、(17.3±3.2)d显著减少(P＜0.05);折叠组术后经口喂养时间、术后经口喂养达40ml/3 h的时间和全静脉营养持续时间分别是(8±2.3)d、(13.1±1.9)d、(8.3±1.8)d,均比对照组(12.9±1.7)d、(18.7±1.1)d、(13.6±2.5)d显著缩短(P＜0.05);术后半年内折叠组有1例因粘连性肠梗阻需再次手术,对照组共有6例术后半年内再次手术,其中术后功能性肠梗阻3例、吻合口漏2例、粘连性肠梗阻1例,比折叠组显著增加.术后平均随访时间为2.7年(6个月至5年),二组生长发育达到正常标准,差异无统计学意义.结论 肠闭锁手术时在肠吻合基础上加肠折叠术,方法简单,创伤小,并发症少,有助于保留肠管吸收面积和促进肠功能恢复,可以作为预防肠闭锁扩张肠管功能性梗阻的一种有效选择方法.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bowel plication as a part the surgical treatment of intestinal atresia (IA) in childrea Methods Between April 2005 and April 2009,68 neonates with IA underwent surgical treatment in this center. According to the surgical procedures the patients underwent, the 68 neonates were divided into bowel plication group and control group. The 38 children underwent bowel plication after atretic segments resection and primary anastomosis. The 30 children of the control group underwent tapering enteroplasty after atretic segments resection. Data including operation procedures,ages,birth weight,concomitant diseases,age at surgery, length of hospital stay, length of total parenteral nutrition (TPN),postoperative intestinal function recovery (the time of the first oral feeding and the oral feeding volume reached 40 ml/kg/3h),growth and development,complications and reoperations were retrospectively analyzed. Results No differences of ages, birth weight, age at operation, and concomitant diseases were found between the two groups. The time of operation and hospital stay of the bowel plication group were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(1.21±0.24)h,(12.2±2.5)d vs. (1. 77 ± 0. 31)h, (17. 3 ± 3. 2)d,P＜0. 010]. The time of the first oral feeding, the time when oral feeding volume reached 40 ml/kg/3h,and TPN length of the bowel plication group were also shorter than those of control group [(8 ± 2. 3)d, (13. 1 ± 1. 9)d, (8. 3 ± 1.8)d vs (12. 9 ±1. 7)d,(18. 7 ± 1. l)d,(13. 6 ± 2. 5)d,P＜0. 05]. In the bowel plication group, 1 (2. 6%) underwent reoperation for adhesive intestinal obstruction half a year after the initial surgery. However,in the control group,6 (20%) included 3 underwent reoperation for intestinal obstruction,2 for anastomotic leakage and 1 for adhesive intestinal obstruction. The patients were followed up for an average period of 2. 7 years (6 months-5 years). All infants thrived. Conclusions The additional bowel plication after atretic segment resection and primary anastomosis improves the clinical outcomes for children with intestinal atresia.     

新生儿围产期肝脾出血的临床特点和预后分析

目的 总结新生儿围产期肝脾出血的临床特点、诊治方法 和预后.方法 回顾分析1992年6月1日至2009年6月1日南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院新生儿内、外科收治的围产期肝脾出血新生儿的临床资料,分析病因、临床表现、治疗及预后情况.结果 围产期肝脾出血新生儿共23例,其中巨大儿12例,早产儿6例.主要原因是异常分娩史(剖宫产、胎儿窘迫、产程延长、胎头吸引、急产等)和产伤,分别占65.2%(15/23)和47.8%(11/23).肝出血14例,脾出血6例,肝脾同时出血3例.早期主要临床表现包括反应差、嗜睡、拒乳者21例(91.3%),早期出现黄疸者18例(78.3%),苍白、贫血貌者17例(73.9%),腹胀者15例(65.2%),其他临床表现包括易激惹、呼吸困难、腹壁发紫、阴囊血肿等.保守治疗15例;手术治疗8例,其中死亡3例,病死率13.0%.结论 新生儿围产期肝脾出血与巨大儿、早产儿及异常分娩史有关,以产伤为主要原因,临床表现与出血量有关,早期表现具有非特异性,超声是最好的诊断手段.血流动力学稳定的患儿保守治疗成功率高,出血不止者应尽早手术.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and management methods and prognosis of hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia of newborns.Methods A retrospective review of clinical data of neonates with hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia in perinatal period was performed from June 1,1992 to June 1,2009 in Nanjing Children's Hospital.Results There were twenty-three neonates suffered from hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia in the perinatal period.There were 12 macrosomias and 6 preterm newborns.Abnormal birth history (65.2%,15/23),including caesarean section,fetal distress,application of vacuum extractor,prolonged labour and precipitate labor,were most commom reasons of hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia,and birth injuries [47.8% (11/23)]was subsequent.In all cases,14 cases were hepatorrhagia,six were splenorrhagia,three were hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia simultaneously.Primary early symtoms included low response,sleepiness (91.3%,21/23);jaundice 78.3% (18/23);pallor and anemia 73.9% (17/23);abdominal distension (65.2%,15/23) and so on.Ultrasonography and computed tomography may make a definite diagnosis.Fifteen newborns underwent non-operative treatment and 8 received hemostatic laparotomy.The general mortality was 13.0%(3/23).Conclusions Hepatorrhagia and splenorrhagia of neonates in perinatal period is associated with macrosomias,abnormal birth history and preterm birth,and birth injuries were the major etiological factors.Clinical presentations are nonspecific which maybe asociated with the degree of blood loss.Abdominal ultrasonography is an optimal diagnostic method.Nonoperative management may be successful in hemodynamically stable patients,while immediate intervention,such as laparotomy,is required to control persist bleeding.     

十二指肠有孔隔膜状狭窄手术方法探讨

目的：评价十二指肠隔膜切除术和菱行吻合术在各年龄段十二指肠有孔隔膜状狭窄患儿中的治疗效果。方法：将72例患儿分为3个年龄组,即新生儿组（〈30 d）、小婴儿组（30~60 d）和较大婴儿组（≥60 d）;将各年龄组按手术方法分别分为隔膜切除组和菱形吻合组,比较各年龄组中隔膜切除组和菱形吻合组的手术时间、术后肠功能恢复时间（术后胆汁样粪便排出时间）、术后达到完全肠内营养时间（经口喂养达80 mL/（kg·d）-1所需时间）、术后平均住院时间、术后2月及6月的体质量（仅新生儿组和小婴儿组）、术后梗阻性黄疸的发生率、术后再发生胆汁性呕吐的发生率。结果：新生儿组中,隔膜切除组手术时间、术后达到完全肠内营养所需时间及术后住院时间低于菱形吻合组（P均〈0.05）;小婴儿组中,隔膜切除组手术时间及术后2月体质量低于菱形吻合组,但肠功能恢复时间、术后达到完全肠内营养所需时间及术后住院时间高于菱形吻合组（P均〈0.05）;较大婴儿组中,隔膜切除组肠功能恢复时间、达到完全肠内营养所需时间、术后住院时间及术后胆汁性呕吐的发生率高于菱形吻合组（P均〈0.05）。结论：对于十二指肠有孔隔膜状狭窄的患儿,在新生儿期宜采用隔膜切除术,在≥60 d时宜采用十二指肠菱形吻合术。     

瘘管原位游离后移肛门重建治疗无肛舟状窝瘘

无肛舟状窝瘘是女孩最常见的先天性肛门直肠畸形[1]。国内多行一期手术,手术方式多样[2,3]。我院1992年1月至2006年12月采用瘘管原位游离后移肛门重建治疗无     

新生儿和婴儿肠梗阻1511例临床分析

1988～2001年,本院共收治新生儿、婴儿肠梗阻患儿1 511例,经及时早期诊断,并根据诊断采取手术和保守等治疗方法,大部分疗效良好,现进行总结,以便更好地指导今后的工作。1 资料和方法1.1 一般情况 本组1 511例,男性829例,女性682例;年龄1～180天,平均66天。其中30天以内978例,早产儿138例。体重1.8～7.6 kg,平均4.5 kg。临床症状:呕吐1 493例,腹胀926例,肛门停止排便排气1 045例,血便457例。辅助检查包括腹部     

表皮生长因子对全胃肠外营养大部小肠切除大鼠肠适应的实验研究

目的：观察应用表皮生长因子(EGF)对全胃肠外营养(TPN)大部小肠切除大鼠残存小肠黏膜的代偿作用。方法：30只大鼠切除80％小肠后分为对照组、常规TPN组、TPN EGF组，观测体重、小肠黏膜形态学改变，流式细胞仪分析肠黏膜细胞增殖活性。结果：术后3组大鼠体重逐渐降低，1周后渐增加。3组间差异无显著性。TPN组小肠肠壁各层均变薄，黏膜萎缩。TPN EGF组肠黏膜厚度、绒毛高度、隐窝深度较TPN组均增加，S期细胞比率系数、增殖指数TPN EGF组较TPN组高，而TPN捐与对照绸差异无昂著件。结论：TPN联合EGF可晟著地增讲肠黏膜的适应性代偿。     

肠折叠术在肠闭锁手术中的应用

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bowel plication as a part the surgical treatment of intestinal atresia (IA) in childrea Methods Between April 2005 and April 2009,68 neonates with IA underwent surgical treatment in this center. According to the surgical procedures the patients underwent, the 68 neonates were divided into bowel plication group and control group. The 38 children underwent bowel plication after atretic segments resection and primary anastomosis. The 30 children of the control group underwent tapering enteroplasty after atretic segments resection. Data including operation procedures,ages,birth weight,concomitant diseases,age at surgery, length of hospital stay, length of total parenteral nutrition (TPN),postoperative intestinal function recovery (the time of the first oral feeding and the oral feeding volume reached 40 ml/kg/3h),growth and development,complications and reoperations were retrospectively analyzed. Results No differences of ages, birth weight, age at operation, and concomitant diseases were found between the two groups. The time of operation and hospital stay of the bowel plication group were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(1.21±0.24)h,(12.2±2.5)d vs. (1. 77 ± 0. 31)h, (17. 3 ± 3. 2)d,P＜0. 010]. The time of the first oral feeding, the time when oral feeding volume reached 40 ml/kg/3h,and TPN length of the bowel plication group were also shorter than those of control group [(8 ± 2. 3)d, (13. 1 ± 1. 9)d, (8. 3 ± 1.8)d vs (12. 9 ±1. 7)d,(18. 7 ± 1. l)d,(13. 6 ± 2. 5)d,P＜0. 05]. In the bowel plication group, 1 (2. 6%) underwent reoperation for adhesive intestinal obstruction half a year after the initial surgery. However,in the control group,6 (20%) included 3 underwent reoperation for intestinal obstruction,2 for anastomotic leakage and 1 for adhesive intestinal obstruction. The patients were followed up for an average period of 2. 7 years (6 months-5 years). All infants thrived. Conclusions The additional bowel plication after atretic segment resection and primary anastomosis improves the clinical outcomes for children with intestinal atresia.