卡通表情自动加工的失匹配负波研究

Objective To investigate the mechanism of automatic processing of cartoon facial expressions by using event-related potential(ERP).Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers (7 males and 9 females) were recruited for this study.The subjects were instructed to mentally count green faces (targets) and ignore the red ones (non-targets) including standard neutral expressions and deviant emotional expressions.Thirty two channels electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded by Neuroscan Nuamps System.The amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN) were analyzed.Results (1) MMN1:the amplitudes were(-0.570 ± 0.076) μV (TP7/TP8),(-0.840 ±0.119) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.199 ±0.105)μV(T5/T6) ,(-1.184 ±0.102)μV(O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of site (F(3,45) = 8.340, P ＜ 0.05 ) and an interaction of orientation × hemisphere (F(1,15) =11.977, P＜0.05).( 2 ) MMN2: the amplitudes were (-0.469 ± 0.126 ) μV ( TP7/TP8 ), (-1.014 ± 0.255 ) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.071 ±0.182)μV(T5/T6), (-0.915 ±0.178)μV (O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of orientation (F(1,15) = 7.232, P ＜ 0.05 ) and interactions of orientation × type (F(1,15) = 6.458, P ＜ 0.05 )and orientation × hemisphere(F(1,15) = 11.907, P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Cartoon emotional faces elicit expressionrelated MMN indexing automatic processing.The MMN amplitude is right-lateralized and larger for negative than positive expression.     

卡通表情自动加工的失匹配负波研究

Objective To investigate the mechanism of automatic processing of cartoon facial expressions by using event-related potential(ERP).Methods Sixteen healthy volunteers (7 males and 9 females) were recruited for this study.The subjects were instructed to mentally count green faces (targets) and ignore the red ones (non-targets) including standard neutral expressions and deviant emotional expressions.Thirty two channels electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded by Neuroscan Nuamps System.The amplitudes of mismatch negativity (MMN) were analyzed.Results (1) MMN1:the amplitudes were(-0.570 ± 0.076) μV (TP7/TP8),(-0.840 ±0.119) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.199 ±0.105)μV(T5/T6) ,(-1.184 ±0.102)μV(O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of site (F(3,45) = 8.340, P ＜ 0.05 ) and an interaction of orientation × hemisphere (F(1,15) =11.977, P＜0.05).( 2 ) MMN2: the amplitudes were (-0.469 ± 0.126 ) μV ( TP7/TP8 ), (-1.014 ± 0.255 ) μV(A1/A2) ,(-1.071 ±0.182)μV(T5/T6), (-0.915 ±0.178)μV (O1/O2).There was a significant main effect of orientation (F(1,15) = 7.232, P ＜ 0.05 ) and interactions of orientation × type (F(1,15) = 6.458, P ＜ 0.05 )and orientation × hemisphere(F(1,15) = 11.907, P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Cartoon emotional faces elicit expressionrelated MMN indexing automatic processing.The MMN amplitude is right-lateralized and larger for negative than positive expression.     

慢性应激对大鼠海马线粒体解偶联蛋白4及Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨慢性应激对抑郁模型大鼠海马线粒体解偶联蛋白4（UCP4）及Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响.方法 应用慢性轻度不可预见性的应激制作抑郁症大鼠模型,随机分成2组：对照组、模型组.用流式细胞术分别检测海马组织细胞凋亡率、线粒体膜电位;用酶标仪检测乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）含量;用免疫组化检测神经细胞数目;用Western blot法检测UCP4及Bcl-2蛋白表达水平.结果 慢性应激干预后,模型组中海马神经细胞凋亡率[（4.35±0.19）％]和LDH含量[（445.5±91.70）U/mg）]明显升高,与正常对照组[（0.34±0.06）％,（167.2±63.40） U/mg）]相比,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.与对照组相比[（72.50±4.25）个],模型组中海马组织神经细胞数目[（45.30±2.54）个]和线粒体膜电位有所下降.模型组中UCP4及Bcl-2蛋白水平表达下调.结论 抑郁症大鼠海马组织存在明显的神经元凋亡坏死,这可能与线粒体膜电位下降,UCP4及Bcl-2蛋白表达下调有关.     

卡通表情自动加工的失匹配负波研究

目的 采用事件相关电位(Event-related potential,ERP)技术探讨人脑对卡通表情自动加工的脑电生理机制.方法 受试者为16名健康人(男7,女9).要求受试者观看卡通表情图片并计数靶刺激绿色图片的呈现次数,而忽略非靶刺激红色图片(包括作为标准刺激的中性表情及作为偏差刺激的情绪性表情).记录32导脑电,对受试者的视觉失匹配负波(Mismatch negativity,MMN)的波幅进行分析.结果 (1)MMN1:波幅分另为(-0.570±0.076)μV(TP7/TP8)、(-0.840±0.119)μV(A1/A2)、(-1.199±0.105)μV(T5/T6)、(-1.184±0.102)μV(O1/O2).波幅的电极位置主效应显著(F(3,45)=8.340,P＜0.05).方向与半球存在交互效应显著(F(1,15)=11.977,P＜0.05).(2)MMN2:波幅分别为(-0.469±0.126)μV(TP7/TP8)、(-1.014±0.255)μV(A1/A2)、(-1.071±0.182)μV(T5/T6)、(-0.915±0.178)μV(O1/O2).方向主效应差异有显著性(F(1,15)=7.232,P＜0.05),且方向与表情交互效应显著(F(1,15)=6.458,P＜0.05),方向与半球交互效应显著(F(1,15)=11.907,P＜0.05).结论 人脑对正、负性卡通表情均可进行自动加工,而负性表情自动加工较正性表情更强;表情信息自动加工存在右侧偏侧化效应.     

脑卒中失语抑郁量表的试修订

目的：引进脑卒中失语抑郁量表（SADQ）并评价其信度、效度,为该量表在中国的应用推广提供有用的信息.方法：对105名脑卒中患者进行Hamilton抑郁量表（HAMD）测评,并协助患者完成BDI,同时由患者陪护人员完成SADQ量表,其中30名患者的陪护者被要求2周后进行SADQ复查.结果：①重测信度0.754;②Cronbach＇sα系数为0.809,分半信度为0.743;③因素分析共产生7个因子,共解释了65.641%的方差;④SADQ与BDI的相关为0.548（P＜0.01）;SADQ与HAMD的相关为0.488（P＜0.01）.结论：SADQ的修订版具有良好的信度和效度,基本符合心理测量学标准.     

晚发性抑郁症患者抑制控制的功能磁共振研究

目的 应用功能磁共振成像技术探讨晚发性抑郁症患者抑制控制加工过程的神经环路.方法 14例晚发性抑郁症患者(首次发病年龄≥60岁)和13名年龄、性别、受教育程度相匹配的健康老年人(对照组),采用视觉Go/Nogo试验范式进行fMRI扫描,要求被试对正立的三角形尽快准确地按键(Go),对倒立的三角形不按键(Nogo),比较两组被试在Go、Nogo两种不同任务下脑区激活的差异.结果 (1)晚发性抑郁症患者在Go任务下反应时间、正确率与对照组相比,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).Nogo任务下的误按率晚发性抑郁症患者[(0.09±0.06)]高于对照组[(0.04±0.02)],差异有显著性(P＜0.05).(2)在Go任务下,晚发性抑郁症患者较对照组激活增强的脑区有左中央后回、左顶下小叶、右中央前回、左中央旁小叶、右顶下小叶、右前扣带回、左额中回、右额中回、右额上回.在Nogo任务下,晚发性抑郁症患者较对照组激活增强的脑区有左顶下小叶、左额中回.结论 晚发性抑郁症患者抑制控制功能障碍与前额叶-纹状体环路损害有关,其中双侧额中回、右前扣带回过度激活可能是其神经基础.