单侧游离端义齿咀嚼效能的测定和分析

采用吸光度法测定３０例肯氏Ⅱ类牙列缺损患者戴用单侧游离端可摘义齿前及用后１周，１月，３月的咀嚼效能。结果表明；１肯氏Ⅱ类牙列缺失患者咀嚼效能明显低于正常对照组，失牙越多，单侧丧失咀嚼效能越明显，失牙较少时，机体可通过代偿维持吞咽反射前的儿能。２．戴用义齿后，患者的咀嚼效能随戴用时间的增长而逐步提高。     

脑源性神经营养因子基因单体型与散发性Alzheimer病的关系

目的分析汉族人群中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)基因G196A、C270T、G11757C和G712A单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)和单体型频率与散发性Alzheimer病(sAD)的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,检测106例sAD患者和110名健康对照者BDNFG196A、C270T、G11757C和G712A基因型和等位基因频率,采用SHEsis软件进行连锁不平衡及单体型分析。结果sAD组及健康对照组C270T位点T等位基因频率分别为0.9%及4.5%,G712A位点GG基因型频率分别为95.4%、91.8%,A等位基因频率分别为0.5%及4.5%;两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。单体型分析显示,sAD组和健康对照组GTGA频率分别为0.5%和3.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论BDNF基因多态性可能与中国汉族人群sAD发病有关。     

遗忘型轻度认知障碍与血管紧张素转换酶的基因多态性和血清水平关系的研究

Objective To study the relationship among amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)and the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)gene polymorphism of intron 16 insertion/deletion(I/D)and serum ACE level.Methods One hundred and eighty subjects(60-85 years)were divided into aMCI group(n=90)and normal control group(n=90)through a series of neuropsychologcal evaluating.The intron 16 I/D polymorphism of ACE gene was analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The serum ACE levels were measured by using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Results The scores of neuropsychological tests in aMCI patients were significantly poorer than that in controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D aliele of ACE gene were significantly different between aMCI patients and controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D allele were higher in aMCI patients than controls(23%vs.16%;57%vs.43%).ACE genotype was correlated with delayed recall in Auditory Verbal Memory Test(AVMT),delay recall in Complex Figure Test,Category Fluency Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test(all P＜0.05),in which DD and DI genotype was lower than Ⅱ genotype(P＜0.05).A significant difference in serum ACE level was observed among the three genotypes in both aMCI and control group(DD＞DI＞II;P＜0.01).AVMT-delay recall had significant correlations with serom ACE level in aMCI group(r=-0.249,P＜0.05).Conclusions The ACE gene I/D polymorphism may be correlated with aMCI,with D allele possibly being a genetic risk factor for the development of aMCI.The higher serum ACE level my possibly play a role in the episodic memory impairment of aMCI.     

遗忘型轻度认知障碍与血管紧张素转换酶的基因多态性和血清水平关系的研究

Objective To study the relationship among amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)and the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)gene polymorphism of intron 16 insertion/deletion(I/D)and serum ACE level.Methods One hundred and eighty subjects(60-85 years)were divided into aMCI group(n=90)and normal control group(n=90)through a series of neuropsychologcal evaluating.The intron 16 I/D polymorphism of ACE gene was analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The serum ACE levels were measured by using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Results The scores of neuropsychological tests in aMCI patients were significantly poorer than that in controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D aliele of ACE gene were significantly different between aMCI patients and controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D allele were higher in aMCI patients than controls(23%vs.16%;57%vs.43%).ACE genotype was correlated with delayed recall in Auditory Verbal Memory Test(AVMT),delay recall in Complex Figure Test,Category Fluency Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test(all P＜0.05),in which DD and DI genotype was lower than Ⅱ genotype(P＜0.05).A significant difference in serum ACE level was observed among the three genotypes in both aMCI and control group(DD＞DI＞II;P＜0.01).AVMT-delay recall had significant correlations with serom ACE level in aMCI group(r=-0.249,P＜0.05).Conclusions The ACE gene I/D polymorphism may be correlated with aMCI,with D allele possibly being a genetic risk factor for the development of aMCI.The higher serum ACE level my possibly play a role in the episodic memory impairment of aMCI.     

遗忘型轻度认知功能损害患者认知特征与低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1基因的关联研究

Objective To investigate the relationship between neuropsychological characteristics and low density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) gene C766T polymorphism in amnestic mild cognitive impair-ment (Amci). Methods 109 Amci patients and 104 matched normal controls were recruited for the study. Multi-dimension neuropsychologic tests were used to extensively assess the cognitive function. Assay-on-demand was used to analyse LRP1 gene C766T polymorphism in the subjects. Results The scores of neuropsychologic tests in Amci patients were significantly lower than those in the normal controls ( all P<0.01), with the largest im-pairment on 20 minute delayed recall of the auditory verbal memory test (AVMT) ,which reflects episodic memory [Amci patients :3 (0-4) ,normal controls :7.5 (6～12), Z=-12.697, P<0.01]. No significant differences were found for the genotype and allele distribution of C766T polymorphism between Amci patients and the normal controls. C766T polymorphism was not associated with cognitive assessment scores in Amci patients (P>0.05). Conclusion Amci is characterized by episodic memory impairment;and LRP1 gene C766T polymorphism may not be an important genetic factor in susceptibility to aMCI.     

遗忘型轻度认知功能损害认知特征的随访研究

目的 探讨遗忘型轻度认知功能损害(aMCI)的转归及其认知特征的变化.方法 横断面病例-对照和队列研究.采用多维度神经心理测试评估109例aMCI患者和104例正常对照者的神经认知功能.结果 与正常对照组相比,aMCI组的各项神经认知功能基线测试成绩均显著下降(均P＜0.01),尤以反映情节记忆的听觉词语记忆测试(AVMT)的20min延迟回忆受损最明显[aMCI组(2.50±1.48)分,正常对照组(7.85±1.59)分,Z=-12.697,P＜0.01];随访期间69例aMCI患者有15例转变为AD,转化率22%,而正常组无转变为AD者;随访期间aMCI组患者的AVMT、CDT及MMSE测试成绩的减分率[分别为(3.77±60.83)%,(6.89±28.24)%,(6.13±16.89)%]低于正常对照组[分别为(-10.75±27.46)%,(-5.23±14.05)%,(-1.11±8.26)%],差异具有显著性(均P＜0.05);将aMCI组分为认知功能稳定组及转变为AD组,比较2组之间神经认知功能基线测试成绩,差异有统计学意义的测验有AVMT、CFT、TMT-A、TMT-B、SDMT、CDT及MMSE;进一步比较2组之间测试成绩的减分率,aMCI组中转变为AD者AVMT、CFT、DST、VFT、SDMT、MMSE显著下降,差异具有显著性(均P＜0.05).结论 aMCI是AD的前驱期;aMCI患者存在明显的情节记忆减退;神经心理测试有助于预测aMCI是否发展为AD.     

颅内分支动脉粥样硬化病

颅内分支动脉粥样硬化病(branch atheromatous disease,BAD)由Caplan于l989年首先提出,用来描述颅内穿支动脉起始部的动脉粥样硬化斑块引起的狭窄或闭塞而导致的穿支动脉区域脑梗死。之后一直是一个被忽视的概念,近年由于弥散MRI的广泛应用,BAD逐渐成为研究热点,但BAD相关名称和缺血损伤存在争议。文章就BAD相关卒中的概念、病因、临床和影像特征进行综述。     

血清胆红素在短暂性脑缺血发作患者中的临床应用价值

目的：探讨血清胆红素在短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemic attack,TIA）患者中的临床应用价值。方法：测定131例TIA患者的血清胆红素,并按照ABCD2评分测定其评分值。另外观察7天内脑梗死的发生率,并根据是否进展为脑梗死分为A组和B组。结果：两组血清胆红素无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。低危组（ABCD2）评分：无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而高危组（6~7分）血清胆红素分别大于低危组、中危组,且均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：血清胆红素不是TIA患者继发脑梗死的危险因素。     

遗忘型轻度认知障碍与血管紧张素转换酶的基因多态性和血清水平关系的研究

Objective To study the relationship among amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI)and the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)gene polymorphism of intron 16 insertion/deletion(I/D)and serum ACE level.Methods One hundred and eighty subjects(60-85 years)were divided into aMCI group(n=90)and normal control group(n=90)through a series of neuropsychologcal evaluating.The intron 16 I/D polymorphism of ACE gene was analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The serum ACE levels were measured by using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.Results The scores of neuropsychological tests in aMCI patients were significantly poorer than that in controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D aliele of ACE gene were significantly different between aMCI patients and controls(all P＜0.01).The frequencies of DD genotype and D allele were higher in aMCI patients than controls(23%vs.16%;57%vs.43%).ACE genotype was correlated with delayed recall in Auditory Verbal Memory Test(AVMT),delay recall in Complex Figure Test,Category Fluency Test and Symbol Digit Modalities Test(all P＜0.05),in which DD and DI genotype was lower than Ⅱ genotype(P＜0.05).A significant difference in serum ACE level was observed among the three genotypes in both aMCI and control group(DD＞DI＞II;P＜0.01).AVMT-delay recall had significant correlations with serom ACE level in aMCI group(r=-0.249,P＜0.05).Conclusions The ACE gene I/D polymorphism may be correlated with aMCI,with D allele possibly being a genetic risk factor for the development of aMCI.The higher serum ACE level my possibly play a role in the episodic memory impairment of aMCI.     

四年制中等护理专业社区实习的实施

广东梅州卫校根据四年制护理教学大纲要求已满完成第一阶段社区实习，本文就实习的形式、时间、内容的存在问题进行了探讨。