胸骨后间隙透光度的平片-CT对照研究

目的　比较正常成人胸部侧位片上胸骨后间隙和心脏后间隙的透光度 ,结合CT研究影响胸骨后间隙透光度的因素。方法　回顾分析 12 0 0例正常胸部侧位片 ,测定胸骨后间隙的透光度 ,并对其中 13 8例结合CT扫描对照研究胸骨后间隙透光度与胸壁厚度和前纵隔脂肪体积等的关系。结果　 5 3 .5 8%的正常胸部侧位片上胸骨后间隙透光度小于心脏后间隙。 65 .2 1%的女性和 45 .19%的男性胸骨后间隙透光度小于心脏后间隙 ,性别差异具有显著的统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　正常成人胸骨后间隙透光度可以低于心脏后间隙 ,女性胸骨后间隙透光度较低 ,胸骨后间隙透光度与胸壁厚度和前纵隔脂肪体积等有关。     

颅神经血管压迫症的MR血管断层表现与微血管减压术疗效的相关性

Objective To explore the correlation of the operation effects of the miorovascular decompression(MVD) and the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography(MRTA) in patients of neurovascular compression of the cranial nerves.Methods Two hundred and twenty three patients treated with the microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.They were grouped and graded according to the vessel compression on the cranial nerves.The compression were grouped as none, moderate and severe, and the operation effects were graded as Ⅰ ( complete relief), Ⅱ ( partial relief) and Ⅲ ( no relief).The operation effects grades were correlated according to the compression groups by Kruskal-Wallis test and the operation effects between each two of the groups were compared using Nemenyi test.P < 0.05 was defined as statistic significant.Results Of the 53 cases of non-compression group, 31 cases were graded as Ⅰ , 13 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 9 cases were graded as Ⅲ, according to the operation-effects of the decompression.Of the 110 cases of moderate group,95 cases were grade as Ⅰ , 11 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 4 cases were graded as Ⅲ.Of the 60 cases of severe group, 48 cases were graded as Ⅰ, 7 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 5 cases were graded as Ⅲ.There were statistic significance among the three groups,where χ2= 16.84 and P <0.05.The mean rank of the non-compression, the moderate and the severe group was 134.21,102.37 and 110.4 ,respectively.The difference of the mean ranks between the non-compression group and the moderate group was 31.84, and between the non-compression and the severe group was 24.17, respectively, where P < 0.05 both.Conclusions There was close relationship between the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography and the operation effects of the MVD.The operation effects of patients with moderate and severe vessel compression were much better than the non-compression group.MRTA is helpful for MVD surgical indication and its prognosis.     

橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩的临床和磁共振分析

目的：分析橄榄桥脑小脑萎缩（OPCA）的临床和MR表现。方法：回顾28例临床拟诊为OPCA并经MR证实的病例，所有病人均采用1.5T MR进行检查。获得自旋回波序列T1加权矢状面和T2、T2及质子密度加权横断面图像。结果 小脑半球28例、桥脑腹侧28例、小脑中脚28例和延髓腹侧上部26例体积缩小。在T2和质子密度加权像上常可见桥横纤维（19/28）和小脑中脚（12/28）高信号。中脑及幕上亦可见到某些异常征象。结论：OPCA的MR表现主要为小脑半球桥脑腹侧、小脑中脚和延髓橄榄的萎缩。某些异常信号，特别是桥横纤维的高信号在T2和质子密度加权像上较易观察到。     

棘突阶梯征在腰椎滑脱中的诊断意义

目的 探讨棘突阶梯征在腰椎真性和假性滑脱时的不同表现及其诊断价值，方法 回顾分析62帧腰椎侧位片，42例诊断为第4或第5腰椎滑脱，20例作为对照，分别由3位医师对每一帧侧位片中L3，L4和L4，L5棘突间的阶梯征进行评价记分。结果 真性腰椎滑脱时棘突阶梯征位于滑脱节段上方水平，假性滑脱时棘突阶梯征位于滑脱节段下方水平。结论棘突阶梯征对真性和假性腰椎滑脱具有鉴别诊断意义。     

原发性阑尾肿瘤的CT诊断

目的评价原发性阑尾肿瘤的CT表现.方法对24例经手术和病理证实的原发性阑尾肿瘤病人的腹部CT进行回顾性分析,记录阑尾直径、阑尾壁厚度、阑尾腔内改变及阑尾浆膜面改变等,并注意盲肠、末段回肠、阑尾周围脂肪改变和腹腔淋巴结肿大等.结果24例原发性阑尾肿瘤为黏液性腺瘤(n=11)、黏液性腺癌(n=5)、结肠型腺癌(n=4)和类癌(n=4).阑尾最大直径为12 mm～52 mm,19例(79%)最大直径超过15 mm;阑尾壁最大厚度3 mm～16 mm,13例(58%)在5 mm以上;10例(42%)可见阑尾腔内肿块阑尾内壁不规则隆起,1例(4%)可见阑尾表面外突性肿块.使用阑尾肿块/囊状扩张/直径大于15 mm的综合标准诊断率为92%.如附加阑尾壁厚度大于5 mm的标准则诊断率为100%.结论CT是发现阑尾肿瘤的有效方法,表现为阑尾肿块、阑尾腔囊状扩张、直径大于15 mm和壁厚超过5 mm.     

胃肠道基质瘤的临床、病理和影像学表现

胃肠道基质瘤是最常见的胃肠道间叶性肿瘤,发生于胃肠道固有肌层,细胞起源为Cajal间质细胞,免疫组织化学CD117染色阳性,部分CD34阳性,具有向胃肠道腔外生长的特点,易发生出血、坏死和囊变.胃肠道基质瘤的影像学表现有一定的特征性,但最终诊断有赖于组织学和免疫组织化学.     

螺旋CT多平面重建诊断输尿管结石的临床价值

目的 :探讨螺旋CT扫描结合多平面重建 (MPR)在输尿管结石诊断中的应用价值。材料和方法 :对 42例输尿管结石的患者行螺旋CT扫描并行多平面重建 (MPR) ,其中 4例行增强延时扫描。结果 :CT确诊输尿管结石 95 .3 % ( 4 0 /4 2 ) ;MPR图像质量分为好、较好、差 ,分别为 66.7% ( 2 8/4 2 )、2 3 .8% ( 10 /4 2 )、9.5 % ( 4 /4 2 )。结论 :螺旋CT结合MPR可全面、立体、直观地显示输尿管结石及梗阻扩张的程度 ,在诊断和鉴别诊断方面具有重要的临床价值。     

颅神经血管压迫症的MR血管断层表现与微血管减压术疗效的相关性

Objective To explore the correlation of the operation effects of the miorovascular decompression(MVD) and the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography(MRTA) in patients of neurovascular compression of the cranial nerves.Methods Two hundred and twenty three patients treated with the microvascular decompression were analyzed retrospectively.They were grouped and graded according to the vessel compression on the cranial nerves.The compression were grouped as none, moderate and severe, and the operation effects were graded as Ⅰ ( complete relief), Ⅱ ( partial relief) and Ⅲ ( no relief).The operation effects grades were correlated according to the compression groups by Kruskal-Wallis test and the operation effects between each two of the groups were compared using Nemenyi test.P < 0.05 was defined as statistic significant.Results Of the 53 cases of non-compression group, 31 cases were graded as Ⅰ , 13 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 9 cases were graded as Ⅲ, according to the operation-effects of the decompression.Of the 110 cases of moderate group,95 cases were grade as Ⅰ , 11 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 4 cases were graded as Ⅲ.Of the 60 cases of severe group, 48 cases were graded as Ⅰ, 7 cases were graded as Ⅱ and 5 cases were graded as Ⅲ.There were statistic significance among the three groups,where χ2= 16.84 and P <0.05.The mean rank of the non-compression, the moderate and the severe group was 134.21,102.37 and 110.4 ,respectively.The difference of the mean ranks between the non-compression group and the moderate group was 31.84, and between the non-compression and the severe group was 24.17, respectively, where P < 0.05 both.Conclusions There was close relationship between the findings on magnetic resonance tomographic angiography and the operation effects of the MVD.The operation effects of patients with moderate and severe vessel compression were much better than the non-compression group.MRTA is helpful for MVD surgical indication and its prognosis.     

非功能性胰岛细胞瘤的多层CT表现

目的:探讨CT诊断非功能性胰岛细胞瘤的多排CT表现。方法:对12例病理证实的非功能胰岛细胞瘤的CT平扫及增强图像进行分析。结果:12例患者检出13个病灶。11个为实性病灶,2例为囊性,动脉期,7个病灶明显强化,3例轻度强化,1例与正常胰腺强化程度相似。门静脉期,4例为明显强化,7例位轻度强化。2例病灶始终为低密度。结论:多排CT对于非功能性胰岛细胞瘤的病灶检出及分期有很要得价值,可为手术提供重要的信息。     

胃肠道基质瘤的临床、病理和影像学表现

胃肠道基质瘤是最常见的胃肠道间叶性肿瘤,发生于胃肠道固有肌层,细胞起源为Cajal间质细胞,免疫组织化学CD117染色阳性,部分CD34阳性,具有向胃肠道腔外生长的特点,易发生出血、坏死和囊变。胃肠道基质瘤的影像学表现有一定的特征性,但最终诊断有赖于组织学和免疫组织化学。