脓毒症休克患者血管外肺水的监测及其对预后的预测价值

目的 分析脓毒症休克患者血管外肺水(EVLW)的变化特点,探讨其与脓毒症休克预后的关系.方法 采用回顾性分析的方法,将21例脓毒症休克患者根据最终临床转归分为存活组(10例)与死亡组(11例),观察两组患者的临床特征,利用脉波指示剂连续心排血量(PiCCO)监护仪进行血流动力学监测,测定EVLW,分析其与患者预后的关系.结果 存活组入院第1、2、3天EVLW分别为(12.7±1.8)、(11 3±1.3)、(10.1±1.3)ml/kg,死亡组分别为(14.4±1.0)、(14.6±1.4)、(14.6±1.3)ml/kg,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);存活组随入院时间延长EVLW均明显下降(P＜0.05),死亡组无明显变化(P＞0.05).结论 脓毒症休克患者EVLW均有明显增加;EVLW的动态变化可预测患者的预后.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the alterative characteristics of the extravascular lung water (EVLW ) in the patients with septic shock and clarify its value on the prognosis of these patients.Methods By the methods of retrospective analysis,according to the ultimate survival,21 patients with septic shock were divided into survivor group (10 cases) and non-survivor group (11 cases).The clinical features of the patients were observed and hemodynamic monitoring was made with PiCCO monitor.The EVLW was measured and the relationship between the EVLW and the prognosis of patients was analyzed.Results On the first,second and third day,EVLW was (12.7 ±1.8),(11.3 ±1.3),(10.1 ±1.3) ml/kg in survivor group,and (14.4 ± 1.0),(14.6 ± 1.4),(14.6 ±1.3) ml/kg in non-survivor group respectively,and there were statistical differences between two groups (P <0.05).However,on the second day after the intensive therapy,EVLW in survivor group dropped significantly(P＜0.05),but the non-survivor group only declined slightly,and compared with the result of the first day,there was no obvious difference (P >0.05).Conclusions The EVLW in the patients with septic shock increases significantly.The dynamic changes of the EVLW may be one of the factors for predicting the prognosis of patients with septic shock.     

脑电双频指数在调控丙泊酚镇静深度中的价值

目的 探讨危重症患者脑电双频指数对丙泊酚镇静深度调控的价值.方法 选取重症监护病房66例危重症患者,静脉持续泵入丙泊酚,以Ramsay评分3～4为镇静目标,连续观察24 ～ 72 h,记录每半小时的Ramsay评分及对应的BIS值,共监测Ramsay评分及相应BIS值202组,分析Ramsay评分与BIS值的相关性,确定镇静适度时所对应的最佳BIS值.结果 ICU危重症患者丙泊酚镇静期间Ramsay评分与BIS值呈负相关,r=-0.876（P＜0.01）.结论 脑电双频指数是调控丙泊酚镇静深度的有效指标.     

含橄榄油的新型脂肪乳剂对危重症病人免疫功能和炎性反应的影响

目的:通过对危重症病人分别应用含有橄榄油的新型脂肪乳与传统的中/长链脂肪乳,比较两种脂肪乳剂对病人免疫功能和炎性反应的影响. 方法:将50例入住ICU行肠外营养(PN)支持7d以上的危重症病人(APACHEⅡ评分＞12分),按前瞻、随机、对照原则分为研究组和对照组,两组病人按等氮、等热量进行全胃肠外营养(TPN)支持.于TPN前1d和TPN后第7天检测血清蛋白质、免疫和炎症指标. 结果:①TPN后两组病人的血清前清蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、转铁蛋白明显增加,与TPN前比有显著性差异(P＜0.05).②TPN后两组病人的C-反应蛋白下降,血总淋巴细胞计数、T淋巴细胞亚群中的T辅助性淋巴细胞(CD4)、T辅助性淋巴细胞/抑制性淋巴细胞(CD4/CD8)比值升高,研究组与对照组比有显著性差异(P＜0.05). 结论:含橄榄油的新型脂肪乳剂能提高危重症病人的免疫功能和降低炎性反应.     

脓毒血症对大鼠外周血树突状细胞免疫功能的影响

目的探讨脓毒血症大鼠外周血树突状细胞(DC)数量和免疫功能的变化及意义。方法将SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组和致伤组,正常对照组只麻醉不致伤,并取外周血1次;致伤组以盲肠结扎穿孔制作脓毒症动物模型,分别于伤后4、12、24 h活杀动物取标本。分离两组外周血DC,通过流式细胞仪检测各组的DC数量,DC表面HLA-DR、CD80、CD86表达水平以及DC诱导的T细胞反应性增殖,并检测各组外周血清中白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6水平。结果致伤组DC数量较正常对照组明显下降;DC表面HLA-DR、CD80、CD86表达水平也较正常对照组明显降低。致伤组DC诱导的T细胞增殖能力明显低于正常对照组;伤后血清IL-1β、IL-6显著升高,与正常对照组比较差异有统计学意义。结论脓毒血症早期大鼠外周血DC数量下降,功能降低,与伤后免疫系统功能低下密切相关。