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背景与目的 不可切除的肝内胆管癌(hCCA)患者可考虑行肝移植治疗,但在某些方面仍存在争议。因此,本研究总结6例肝移植治疗不可切除hCCA临床疗效,以期为临床诊治提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2015年1月—2021年3月6例在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院行肝移植治疗并规律随访的hCCA患者临床病理资料与生存情况。结果 6例肝移植术式均为原位经典全肝移植,术后病理:肿块型2例,管壁浸润型2例,内生型2例;肿瘤直径>3 cm者4例;周围神经浸润2例;门静脉侵犯3例;肝内转移2例;腺鳞癌1例,腺癌5例。组织学分级3例中分化G2,3例低分化G3;pTMN分期分别为II期1例,IIIa期1例,IIIb期1例,IIIc期2例,IV期1例。随访期间,3例存活,其中2例合并肝硬化失代偿内生息肉型腺癌患者获得长期无瘤生存,1例肿块型腺癌患者术前经新辅助放化疗后目前无瘤存活20个月;死亡3例,其中1例肿块型腺鳞癌患者术后存活18个月,2例管壁浸润型腺癌患者分别存活2个月与24个月。术前减黄操作,术后联用免疫抑制剂和化疗药物对于患者生存期无明显影响。结论 hCCA患者中,对于合并肝硬化的内生息肉型腺癌,且术前排除淋巴结转移者,即使术前不行新辅助放化疗直接行肝移植也可取得较好的疗效,但对有淋巴结转移与神经周围浸润者疗效差。  相似文献   
3.
目的探讨肝移植治疗终末期自身免疫性肝病(AILD)的预后情况。方法回顾性分析1996年5月至2013年4月在第二军医大学附属长征医院实施原位肝移植术的48例终末期AILD受者的临床资料。计算受者的术后累积生存率,分析死亡病例的死因,了解术后排斥反应、病毒性肝炎新发感染及AILD复发情况。结果 48例AILD受者中,存活38例,AILD受者术后5年累积生存率为76%。10例死亡受者的死亡原因包括多器官功能衰竭、移植肝衰竭、脓毒症、肺部感染、出血、肝动脉栓塞、肾衰竭。48例AILD受者中,肝移植术后发生急性排斥反应者9例(19%),有3例分别在术后1~2年内新发乙型肝炎病毒感染,有2例原发性胆汁性肝硬化受者于术后2年出现原发病复发,经积极治疗均长期生存。结论终末期AILD肝移植受者多数可获得长期生存,应重视肝移植术后早期免疫抑制方案的制定,预防感染及排斥反应和术后新发病毒性肝炎,及时发现原发病复发等问题。  相似文献   
4.
背景:在活体肝移植中使用脂肪变性供肝不但影响供者的安全,同时也影响受者的生存。 目的:评价活体肝移植中使用轻度脂肪变性供肝时供者的安全性及受者预后情况。 方法:回顾性分析104例成人间右半肝活体肝移植的资料,根据移植过程中供肝活检病理标本的脂肪变性程度将所有病例分成4个组。比较各组移植供受者移植后2周的肝体积增生率,分析104例成人间活体右半肝肝移植受者移植后死亡情况及原因。 结果与结论:4组病例在供受者移植后肝功能的恢复和受者后移植预后无明显差别,没有肝功能延迟恢复和原发无功发生。轻度大泡性脂肪肝者只要残肝足够可以成为合适的活体肝移植供者。使用轻度大泡性脂肪肝并不增加受者病死率和移植物失功。  相似文献   
5.
T_H17型细胞在移植排斥反应中的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在不同细胞因子和转录因子作用下,初始CD4~+T淋巴细胞分化为效应性T淋巴细胞(T_H1型、T_H2型、T_H17型细胞)和调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg细胞).初始CD4~+T淋巴细胞在转化生长因子β(TGF-β)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)的共同诱导下分化为T_Hl7型细胞,分泌IL-17和IL-6等细胞因子,主要参与炎症反应和自身免疫性疾病等的发生.近年来发现,T_H17型细胞与移植排斥反应有关,现就其与排斥反应的关系综述如下.  相似文献   
6.
肝癌肝移植适应证标准——验证及再思考   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的对不同的原发性肝细胞癌(肝癌)肝移植适应证标准进行评价与验证。方法 2001年至2007年上海七家肝移植中心施行的肝癌肝移植病例共948例,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析符合米兰标准、加利福尼亚标准和上海复旦标准的肝癌肝移植患者的术后4年总体生存率及无复发生存率,并作比较。结果符合米兰标准(369例)、加利福尼亚标准(470例)和上海复旦标准(554例)的患者的术后4年总体生存率及无复发生存率分别为65.8%和74.1%、66.0%和73.6%、63.9%和70.4%。三种标准的总体生存率及无复发生存率比较差异无统计学意义(均为P0.05)。与符合米兰标准的病例相比,超出米兰标准但符合上海复旦标准的185例,其术后4年生存率及无复发生存率分别为61.5%、65.0%,比较差异亦无统计学意义(均为P0.05)。结论上海复旦标准适度扩大了肝癌肝移植适应证范围且生存率满意,可能更符合中国国情。  相似文献   
7.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus exposure in stable liver transplant recipients converted from FK506 twice a day to Advagraf (tacrolimus extended-release capsules) once daily. Methods This was an open-label, random, control and multi-center study.Eligible patients were 19 to 70 years of age, 6 months post-transplant with stable renal and hepatic function and receiving stable doses of tacrolimus twice a day for 2 weeks prior to enrollment. There were 86 patients in the experimental group and the control group, separately. The average age of experimental group and control group was 46 ± 10 and 49 ± 9, respectively. Patients in experimental group received Advagraf, once daily, and the dose was adjusted according to the drug concentration,and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. The control group given tacrolimus, twice daily, and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. Results The incidence of acute rejection reaction was 1.20 % and 1.18 % respectively in experimental group and control group, and the 95 %confidence interval was -3.25% ~3.31 % and -3.26% ~ 3.34 %, individually. There was 1 case of acute rejection reaction in experimental group and control group, respectively. The patient and organ survival rate was 100%. Sixteen adverse events occurred in 15 patients (17.65 %) of the experimental group, and 10 adverse events occurred in 10 patients (11.63 %) of control group. Severe adverse events relating to the test drug in experimental group occurred in 4 patients (4. 71 %). and 2 patients (2. 33) in control group.Conclision Clinical trials indicated that Advagraf has efficacy and safety profiles similar to those of tacrolimus. The drug is safe and may improve patient compliance.  相似文献   
8.
目的 探讨肝移植后泛耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(PDR-Ab)感染者的细胞免疫功能监测及免疫抑制方案的调整.方法 回顾性总结2008年1月至2010年5月299例尸体肝移植病例并发PDR-Ab的感染和预后情况.监测肝移植后T淋巴细胞亚群及绝对计数、CD4+T淋巴细胞ATP含量,进行T淋巴细胞免疫功能评分.将14例发生PDR-Ab感染者根据免疫抑制方案的调整不同分为2组,常规治疗组(6例)的他可莫司用量不变,停用吗替麦考酚酯和泼尼松,给予头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠静脉滴注;免疫调节组(8例)在常规治疗的基础上,根据受者的T淋巴细胞免疫功能评分(TCIFS)的动态变化进行免疫抑制方案的调整.结果 两组间受者的年龄、终末期肝病模型评分、Child-Pugh评分的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术中出血量的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);术后1周、发生PDR-Ab感染时TCIFS的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但在治疗终点,免疫调节组的TCIFS明显高于常规治疗组(P<0.05);两组间治愈率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).2个组均未发生排斥反应.结论 肝移植后并发PDR-Ab感染时,根据T淋巴细胞亚群计数和CD4+T淋巴细胞ATP值对肝移植受者的细胞免疫功能进行量化评分,以进行免疫抑制方案的调整,是降低肝移植后PDR-Ab感染病死率的有效方法.
Abstract:
Objective To explore the monitoring and the individualized adjustment of cellular immunology function in the recipients infected with pan-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(PDR-Ab)after liver transplantation.Methods We retrospectively summarized the infection and the prognosis of PDR-Ab in 299 cases of liver transplantation performed from Jan.2008 to May 2010.The absolute number of T lymphocytes and ATP level within CD4+ T cells were monitored,and T cell immunology function(TCIFS)was scored.According to different immunology adjusting proposals,14 cases of PDR-Ab infection were divided into 2 groups:(1)traditional group,routine anti-infective therapy;(2)individualized group.Individualized immunology adjustment was made according to the score of TCIFS besides routine therapy.Results There was no significant difference in age,MELD and Child-pugh score between two groups.The peri-operative bleeding volume in individualized group was more than that in traditional group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in TCIFS score between two groups at 1st week after transplantation and the onset of the PDR-Ab infection.However,the score in individualized group was apparently higher than that in traditional group when anti-infection therapy ended(P<0.05).The difference in the recovery rate between two groups was significant(P<0.05).No rejection happened in two groups.Conclusion It is an effective way to decrease the mortality of PDR-Ab infection after liver transplantation that the individualized adjustment of immunosuppression protocols is guided by grading quantitatively the cellular immunology function according to the absolute number of T lymphocytes and ATP level within CD4+ T cells.  相似文献   
9.
目的 研究肝移植术后暂停及转换钙调磷酸酶抑制剂(CNI)对控制感染和改善受损肾功能的作用.方法 回顾性分析单中心施行的947例原位肝移植的资料,分为2个阶段,第1阶段(2002年1月至2007年12月)有234例肝移植术后发生感染的患者,第2阶段(2008年1月至2010年12月)有101例.2个阶段共有329例受者因CNI肾毒性而造成肾功能损害,其中将CNI转换为SRL者40例(转换组),其余289例采取CNI减量+吗替麦考酚酯(MMF)加量方案(减量组).结果 肝移植术后存活超过1、3和5年者CNI的应用率分别为95.8%、95.3%和97.5%.第2阶段共有17例受者短期停用免疫抑制剂,停药的主要原因是细菌(部分合并真菌)感染(88.2%);2个阶段共有48例患者将CNI转换为SRL,换药主要原因是肾功能损害(83.3%).第2阶段感染患者中短期暂停CNI者15例,占14.9%(15/101),CNI暂停后感染控制的有效率为73.3%(11/15),排斥反应发生率为6.7%(1/15).第2阶段感染患者的累积存活率明显高于第1阶段(P<0.05).转换组CNI转换前肾小球滤过率为(0.82±0.24)ml/s,CNI转换后6周时为(1.28±0.31)ml/s,6个月时为(1.36±0.32)ml/s,转换后6周和6个月时高于转换前(P<0.05).CNI调整后6个月时,转换组患者存活率为85.0%,减量组为83.7%(P>0.05).结论 肝移植术后患者发生感染及肾功能损害时可采取CNI减量甚至短时间停用CNI,或转换使用SRL,此方案是安全、有效的.
Abstract:
Objective To report the results of a single-center, retrospective study on the effect of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) withdraw for controlling infections and conversion to sirolimus (SRL)for ameliorating renal dysfunction. Methods A total of 947 liver transplant cases from 2002 to 2010were divided into two eras (Jan. 2002 to Dec. 2007 and Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2010). There were 234cases of infections after liver transplantation (LT) in the first era and 101 cases in the second era. And of 329 cases of CNI-related renal dysfunction after LT in two eras, 40 cases (converting group) had converted CNI to SRL, while 289 cases (reducing group) adopted protocol of CNI reducing and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) raising. Results CNI-based IS took up 95.8 %, 95. 3 %, 97. 5 % of the IS protocols with recipient survival time longer than 1, 3, and 5 years. The primary cause for CNI withdraw was infection (88. 2 %, 15/17) in the second era, and renal dysfunction for conversion to SRL in the two eras (83. 3 %, 40/48). In the second era, 14. 9% (15/101) of the cases of infections after LT experienced CNI withdraw. Of the 15 patients, 11 had effectively controlled the infection (77. 3 %) while rejection rate was 6. 7 % (1/15). The cumulative survival rate of the second era was significantly higher than the first era (P<0. 05). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of converting group at 6th week and 6th month was statistically elevated as compared with that before conversion,respectively (1.28 ± 0. 31, 1.36 ± 0. 32 mL/s vs. 0. 82 ± 0. 24 mL/s, P<0. 05). Six months after CNI adjustments, survival rate of converting group and reducing group was 85. 0% and 83. 7 %,respectively (P>0. 05). Conclusion Reducing or even short-term withdraw of CNI may allow the better control of infections after LT, and the conversion from CNI to SRL can ameliorate the CNIrelated nephrotoxicity. These individually tailored IS protocols will benefit the long term survival for LT.  相似文献   
10.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus exposure in stable liver transplant recipients converted from FK506 twice a day to Advagraf (tacrolimus extended-release capsules) once daily. Methods This was an open-label, random, control and multi-center study.Eligible patients were 19 to 70 years of age, 6 months post-transplant with stable renal and hepatic function and receiving stable doses of tacrolimus twice a day for 2 weeks prior to enrollment. There were 86 patients in the experimental group and the control group, separately. The average age of experimental group and control group was 46 ± 10 and 49 ± 9, respectively. Patients in experimental group received Advagraf, once daily, and the dose was adjusted according to the drug concentration,and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. The control group given tacrolimus, twice daily, and the drug concentration was between 2 to 10 μg/L. Results The incidence of acute rejection reaction was 1.20 % and 1.18 % respectively in experimental group and control group, and the 95 %confidence interval was -3.25% ~3.31 % and -3.26% ~ 3.34 %, individually. There was 1 case of acute rejection reaction in experimental group and control group, respectively. The patient and organ survival rate was 100%. Sixteen adverse events occurred in 15 patients (17.65 %) of the experimental group, and 10 adverse events occurred in 10 patients (11.63 %) of control group. Severe adverse events relating to the test drug in experimental group occurred in 4 patients (4. 71 %). and 2 patients (2. 33) in control group.Conclision Clinical trials indicated that Advagraf has efficacy and safety profiles similar to those of tacrolimus. The drug is safe and may improve patient compliance.  相似文献   
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