神经生长因子基因转染联合强化铁营养防治豚鼠爆震性聋的实验研究

Objective To study the protective effects of adenovirus-mediated human beta-nerve growth factor gene (hNGFβ) transfer combined with iron fortified nutrition on blast hearing damage in guinea pigs. Methods Deafness was induced by blast (172dB SPL) in 35 healthy guinea pigs. Seven days after noise exposure, 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with adenovirus-mediated hNGFβ (Ad-hNGFβ) into the perilymphatic space (the gene group), another 10 guinea pigs were given hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet (the combination group), still another 10 guinea pigs were inoculated with artificial perilymphatic fluid (APF), and 5 guinea pigs served as control, given neither medicine nor noise exposure. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold shifts were monitored in the guinea pigs before blast exposure and after gene transfer. Changes in cochlear morphology were examined with immunohistochemical and HE staining. Results One week after successful inoculation of hNGFβ, it was noted that Ad-hNGFβ protein was expressed in each turn of the cochlea, and its intensity was almost equal. After gene transfer in the combination group and the gene group, ABR threshold shifts at week 1 and 4 were significantly smaller than those of the APF group. HE staining showed that the number of the spiral ganglion cells in the combination group and the Ad-hNGFβ group was significantly higher than that of the control group after 4 weeks (P<0.01). Conclusions Ad-hNGFβ combined with iron fortified nutritional diet was effective in the prevention and treatment of blast hearing damage of cochlear hair cells.     

Adenovirus-mediated human β-nerve growth factor gene transfer has a protective effect on cochlear spiral ganglion after blast exposure

Objective：To study whether adenovirus-mediated human β-nerve growth factor （Ad-hNGFβ） gene has any protective effect on blast hearing impairment. Methods：Deafness was induced by blast exposure （172.0 dB） in 30 healthy guinea pigs. On day 7 of blast exposure, Ad-hNGFβ was infused into the perilymphatic space of 20 animals as the study group （hNGFβ group）, and artificial perilymph fluid （APF） was infused into the perilymphatic space of the other 10 animals as the control group. At weeks 1, 4 and 8 after blast exposure, the animals were sacrificed and the cochleae were removed for immunohistochemical and HE stainings. Results： Expression of Ad-hNGFβ protein was detected in each turn of the cochlea at the 1st week, with almost equal intensity in all turns. At the 4th week, the reactive intensity of the expression of Ad-hNGFβ protein decreased. At the 8th week, no expression was detectable. The results of HE staining showed that the amount of spiral ganglions in hNGFβ group was significantly greater than that of the control group at week 4 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Ad-hNGFβ can be expressed at a high level and for a relatively long period in the blast impaired cochlea, suggesting that Ad-hNGFβ has a protective effect on cochlear spiral ganglion cells after blast exposure and the efficient gene transfer into cochlea had been achieved without toxicity.     

汉族成人部分外周组织褪黑素受体分布及意义

褪黑素 (melatonin ,Mel)具有广泛的生物学效应 ,但其在生物体内作用的靶器官未完全明确 ,阻碍了对它作用机制的进一步研究。本实验室研究显示人胚胎甲状腺、肾上腺、心血管等组织均存在MR。因而 ,明确外周组织是否存在MR ,对于研究Mel在更为广泛的生物学作用及其机制具有重要意义。目的 :证实汉族成人骨骼肌和皮肤等外周组织存在褪黑素受体 (mela toninreceptor,MR) ,并研究MR亚型及其亚细胞分布。方法 :所有组织均取自健康志愿者。用免疫组织化学和逆转录 -多聚酶链反应 (RT -PCR)产物基因测序等方法证实人骨骼肌组织存在MR及其亚…     

人胚胎肾上腺皮质褪黑素受体亚型蛋白的分布

目的：研究褪黑素（Mel)受体亚型在人胚胎肾上腺皮质的分布。方法：应用免疫组化染色检测Ｍel受体亚型的人胚胎肾上腺皮质的分布。结果：在人胚胎肾上腺皮质的球状速、束状带和网状带均存在Ｍel受体mt1(Mella)和ＭＴ２（Ｍellb)亚型蛋白的表达,且主要分布于细胞质。结论：人胚胎肾上腺皮质存在Ｍel受体mt1和ＭＴ２亚型。     

溃结康激活自噬及调节肠道菌群防治溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制研究

目的:探讨溃结康调控自噬及肠道菌群防治溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制。方法:采用葡聚糖硫酸钠(Dextran sulphate sodium, DSS)制备急性溃疡性结肠炎(Ulcerative colitis, UC)小鼠模型,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、柳氮磺胺吡啶0.45 g/kg组、溃结康3.2、6.4、12.8 g/kg组。除正常对照组外,各组小鼠自由饮用3%DSS水溶液7 d,隔天更换新鲜DSS水溶液。每天观察各组小鼠体质量及疾病活动指数变化,并于第8 d试验结束时,脱颈椎处死各组小鼠收集结肠和粪便;HE染色观察结肠组织病理学改变;电镜检测结肠上皮损伤及自噬体形成数量;RT-qPCR及Western-blot法检测结肠微管相关蛋白轻链(Lc3)、苄氯素1(Beclin1)、自噬蛋白(P62)mRNA及蛋白表达;16S核糖体RNA(16S rRNA)测序技术检测小鼠粪便肠道菌群的变化。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型对照组小鼠体质量显著下降、DAI评分显著升高,结肠长度显著降低,结肠黏膜损伤严重,病理CMDI评分显著升高(P<0.01),视野内未见自噬小体,结肠组织中Lc3、B...     

胃癌中医证型与胃癌转移相关基因E-cadherin的关系研究

目的:从基因蛋白表达上探索胃癌患者中医证的本质.方法:将收集到的术前胃癌患者病例资料按中医辨证分型标准确定其证型归属;用免疫组化EnVision二步法检测术后胃癌肿瘤标本中E-cadherin基因蛋白表达情况.结果:E-cadherin在100例胃癌患者中的阳性表达率为90%,证型间表达差异存在显著性(P<0.01);进一步两两比较示,痰湿凝结型、气血双亏型与脾胃虚寒型之间无明显差异,表达较高;瘀毒内阻型与肝胃不和型无明显差异,表达较低.结论:瘀毒内阻型与肝胃不和型胃癌患者的E-cadherin表达偏低,此两种证型肿瘤转移形成的途径可能与E-cadherin,即与肿瘤细胞间同质性黏附力降低相关.     

Bcl-2、Bcl-XL和Bax蛋白在结直肠癌中的表达

背景与目的:通过检测结直肠癌与癌旁组织中Bcl-2、Bcl-xL和Bax蛋白的表达,以探讨其在结直肠癌发生发展中的作用.材料与方法:应用免疫组化S-P法检测39例结直肠癌组织与癌旁组织中Bcl-2、Bcl-xL和Bax蛋白表达的情况.结果:Bcl-2、Bcl-xL和Bax的阳性颗粒均主要分布于细胞质/膜,在癌旁组织中,Bcl-2阳性颗粒主要分布于陷窝的底部,Bax主要分布在靠近表面的上皮细胞,Bcl-xL则分布于整个陷窝.Bcl-2蛋白的表达在癌组织和癌旁组织都很低,两者之间差异无统计学意义(Z=0.072,P＞0.05);Bcl-xL蛋白的表达均较高,且癌组织高于癌旁组织(Z=3.157,P＜0.05);Bax蛋白的表达最强,但在癌组织和癌旁组织之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);只有Bcl-2蛋白表达与Dukes分期和TNM分期均成负相关(分别为rs=-0.389,-0.396,P＜0.05),Bcl-xL和Bax蛋白表达与临床病理相关因素(性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、发生部位、组织学类型、分化程度、Dukes分期及TNM分期)均无关(P＞0.05).结论:Bcl-2可能只在结直肠癌发生发展的早期起重要作用,丽后期可能Bcl-xL起更主要的作用,而Bcl-2蛋白表达可能会与预后有关.     

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN IN THE TRANSITIONAL MUCOSA ADJACENT TO COLORECTAL CANCER

A combined histopathological, mucin histochemi-cal and immunohistochemical study of the transitional mucosa (TM) adjacent to colorectal cancer is presented. Twenty-six resected specimens were studied by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and high iron diamine-alcian blue (HID-AB). Carcinoem-bryonic antigen (CEA) was demonstrated by peroxi-dase antiperoxidass (PAP) technique. The appearance of the TM is usually thicker, longer and dilated crypts with increased immature and intermediate cells. Variable amount of sialomucins and decrease sulphomucins content as well as increased CEA content are found in the TM. These changes are not seen in non-transitional zone and normal colorectal mucosa. It is suggested that the mucin changes and expression of CEA in the TM may indicate an early primary premalignant changes and may be one of the reasons for the TM affecting the prognosis of patients with large bowel cancer after radical resection.     

肝脏原发性平滑肌肉瘤1例报告

1临床资料患者,女,44岁,因“肝炎4年余,发现肝脏占位20 d”于2003年1月9日收住我院移植科。T 36.8℃,P 80次/min,R 18次/min,BP 120/75 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。全腹软,无压痛及反跳痛,未触及包快。肝、脾肋下未触及。于2003年1月22日在全麻下行原位肝移植。全麻成功后取肝移植倒“T”形切口,进腹后可见肝脏硬化明显,呈结节状改变,腹腔中有少量腹水,术中行经典肝脏移植。手术顺利,供肝热缺血时间为0,冷缺血时间为6 h,无肝期65 min。病理示平滑肌肉瘤。术后给予普乐可复（FK506）、甲泼尼龙抗排异,给予谷胱甘肽(泰特)保肝,给予头孢哌酮-舒巴坦（舒普深）抗感染。化疗后34个月死亡。病理示肿物表面呈结节状,包膜完整,质软有弹性。切面呈灰白色、灰红色或深红色,鱼肉状,细嫩湿润,间有不规则片状出血坏死区。囊性感,切开见囊内有咖啡样液体,内壁不平、粗糙,淡褐红色。镜下肿瘤组织纵横交错或呈编织状排列,瘤细胞大、梭形,胞质较丰富、粉红,核圆形、卵圆形或椭圆形,两端钝或细杆样,核染色质粗颗粒状,核仁清楚,异型性明显,核大、深染,核分裂像易见,每高倍视野约1～2个（图1A）。肿瘤表面被有包膜,包膜外肝细胞受挤压萎缩。间质血管丰富,有出血、坏死。免疫组化染色结果：SMA（图1B）、Vim、Desmin+,AFP、CEA、α-AT、α-ACT、Lysozyme、CD68、CD34、CD117、CK、Hepatocyte、FⅧ、HMB45均阴性。     

品质改进在提高化疗患者中心静脉置管率中的应用

目的提高患者输注化疗药物的安全性。方法通过对全院输注化疗药物的重点科室的护士和患者进行问卷调查,分析患者输注化疗药物采取外周静脉导管而非中心静脉导管的原因,采取改进措施并进行效果评价。结果经干预后,化疗患者中心静脉置管率由39.2%上升到75.0%(P<0.05)。结论加强对护士的培训,规范化疗药物输注方式选择流程,强化输液安全管理,可以提高输注化疗药物输液工具选择正确率,促进化疗患者输液的安全。