Tooth loss and subluxation in the primary dentition: a twelve-year follow-up case report

The case of a five-year-old child is reported, who suffered dento-alveolar injury including subluxation of the right upper lateral incisor and avulsion of the upper central incisors and left upper lateral incisor and laceration in the mucosa. The case was followed for 12 years until complete root formation and alignment of the anterior permanent teeth.     

大鼠成骨细胞增殖及护骨素蛋白含量与甲状旁腺激素的调节效应

目的:体外观察甲状旁腺激素对大鼠成骨细胞增殖和护骨素分泌的调节作用。方法:实验于2005-06/2006-05在四川大学华西医院生物治疗国家重点实验室干细胞与组织工程研究室完成。采用酶消化法和骨组织块法联合分离培养新生SD大鼠颅骨成骨细胞,间歇加药方法将不同浓度0,10-6,10-7,10-8,10-9mol/L甲状旁腺激素作用于大鼠成骨细胞(0mol/L作为空白对照组),经碱性磷酸酶染色及钙结节茜素红染色证实培养的成骨细胞后,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法检测细胞增殖能力,蛋白免疫印迹测定护骨素的分泌量。结果:①成骨细胞的形态变化:倒置相差显微镜下可见培养的成骨细胞呈短梭形、三角形和多边形。碱性磷酸酶染色光镜下可见成骨细胞胞浆中分布特征性蓝紫色细颗粒;成骨细胞的钙结节在镜下可见部分细胞聚集一起呈"集落状"生长。②成骨细胞增殖率:10-6～10-9mol/L浓度甲状旁腺激素对成骨细胞增殖均显示刺激作用,与空白对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05),增殖率以10-8mol/L甲状旁腺激素组最高。③成骨细胞护骨素的表达:甲状旁腺激素下调成骨细胞中护骨素的分泌,与空白对照组相比,10-6mol/L甲状旁腺激素组抑制作用最明显(P<0.01),无显著剂量依赖性。结论:甲状旁腺激素对体外培养成骨细胞的增殖具有明显促进作用,通过下调成骨细胞中护骨素的分泌,促进破骨细胞生成、活化,促进骨吸收。     

一氧化氮外源性供体L-arginine对破骨细胞骨吸收功能的影响

目的:一氧化氮在维持机体多个系统的生理功能中起重要作用,许多慢性疾病可造成一氧化氮产生减少,此时一氧化氮供体是一种必要的补充。观察一氧化氮外源性供体L-arginine对体外培养破骨细胞增殖及骨吸收功能的影响。方法:实验于2005-06/2006-05在四川大学华西医院生物治疗国家重点实验室干细胞与组织工程研究室完成。选择出生1d的清洁级SD大鼠乳鼠,采用骨髓诱导法体外培养破骨细胞,培养液内分别加入0.3,0.6,1.0g/L不同浓度的L-arginine,并以等体积三蒸水作为对照。培养7d后,以抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色观察破骨细胞数目、形态,MIAS-2000图像分析仪检测骨片上骨吸收陷窝的数目和面积,并用扫描电镜观察不同浓度L-arginine对骨吸收陷窝的影响。结果:①破骨细胞的一般形态:破骨细胞较其他细胞大,形态不规则,呈油煎蛋形、长条形、腊肠形或漏斗形等,细胞内可见几个至几十个核不等。抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色酶活性部分酒红色,颗粒状。②抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶阳性细胞数:各组破骨细胞数目随着L-arginine浓度增加而减少(P<0.05)。③骨吸收陷窝的面积和数目:骨片培养7d,吸收陷窝计数的结果显示,0.3g/L以上浓度L-arginine对破骨细胞吸收功能均有明显抑制作用,并呈剂量相关性。0.3g/LL-arginine组陷窝面积为对照组的91%(P<0.05),0.6g/LL-arginine组为对照组的80%(P<0.05),1.0g/LL-arginine组为对照组的69%(P<0.01)。结论:采用骨髓诱导法培养的破骨细胞数量多、纯度高,且具有明显的骨吸收功能。L-arginine抑制破骨细胞增殖,抑制破骨细胞骨吸收功能,并呈剂量相关性。     

Resting-State Functional Connectivity of Antero-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Sub-Regions in Major Depression and Relationship to Emotional Intelligence

Background:

Major depressive disorder has been associated with abnormal resting-state functional connectivity (FC), especially in cognitive processing and emotional regulation networks. Although studies have found abnormal FC in regions of the default mode network (DMN), no study has investigated the FC of specific regions within the anterior DMN based on cytoarchitectonic subdivisions of the antero-medial pre-frontal cortex (PFC). Studies from different areas in the field have shown regions within the anterior DMN to be involved in emotional intelligence. Although abnormalities in this region have been observed in depression, the relationship between the ventromedial PFC (vmPFC) function and emotional intelligence has yet to be investigated in depressed individuals.

Methods:

Twenty-one medication-free, non–treatment resistant, depressed patients and 21 healthy controls underwent a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging session. The participants also completed an ability-based measure of emotional intelligence: the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test. FC maps of Brodmann areas (BA) 25, 10m, 10r, and 10p were created and compared between the two groups.

Results:

Mixed-effects analyses showed that the more anterior seeds encompassed larger areas of the DMN. Compared to healthy controls, depressed patients had significantly lower connectivity between BA10p and the right insula and between BA25 and the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex. Exploratory analyses showed an association between vmPFC connectivity and emotional intelligence.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that individuals with depression have reduced FC between antero-medial PFC regions and regions involved in emotional regulation compared to control subjects. Moreover, vmPFC functional connectivity appears linked to emotional intelligence.     

Proficiency of DNA repair genes and microsatellite instability in operated colorectal cancer patients with clinical suspicion of lynch syndrome

Background

Lynch syndrome (LS) diagnosis is underestimated, and most of the patients remain undetected after colorectal resections. The study aims to assess the frequency of LS in patients undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods

A total of 458 CRC patients were operated from January 2005 to December 2008. Positive CRC family history (FH) was present in 118 (25.8%) patients. Histologic sections were reviewed for microsatellite instability (MSI) criteria (Bethesda guidelines), immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2 proteins, through the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, MSI (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-24 and MONO-27) and BRAF somatic mutation.

Results

Of the 118 patients with FH, 61 (51.69%) met at least one of the revised Bethesda criteria. IHC was abnormal in 8 (13.1%) and MSI in 12 patients (20%). BRAF was negative in all cases. MSI histopathological included: intratumoral lymphocytes (47.5%), expansive tumors (29.5%) mucinous component (27.8%) and Crohn’s like reaction in (14.7%). There was an association between the revised Bethesda criteria with: sex, mucinous histology and Crohn’s like reaction; MSI and IHC with PMS2 and MLH1. Revised Bethesda criteria 4 had 10.6 increased chances to display positive MSI. We have proposed a score to contribute as a practical tool in the diagnosis of LS.

Conclusions

The frequence of LS in resected CRC patients was 2.6%. The criterion 4 Revised Bethesda was associated more strongly with the presence of MSI.