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1.
Effect of wax melting range and investment liquid concentration on the accuracy of a three-quarter crown casting. 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Michio Ito Akihiro Kuroiwa Sakae Nagasawa Takamitsu Yoshida Hiroshi Yagasaki Yoshiki Oshida 《The Journal of prosthetic dentistry》2002,87(1):57-61
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Dental casting accuracy is influenced by the setting expansion of investment materials. Although setting expansion can help compensate for casting shrinkage, it cannot be fully realized under a confined wax pattern. Exactly how soft a wax pattern should be to ensure optimum setting expansion has not been determined. PURPOSE: In this study, the relationship between wax characteristics and the casting accuracy of a three-quarter crown was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four different wax materials were used: paraffin 135 with a softening temperature of 37.5 degrees C (P38), paraffin 1080 with a softening temperature of 63.5 degrees C, Shofu Red with a softening temperature of 41.5 degrees C, and Shofu Hard with a softening temperature of 51 degrees C. Two mixtures of phosphate-bonded investment were prepared: one with 100% special liquid and another with 75% special liquid plus 25% distilled water. For both, the liquid/powder ratio was 16:100. A type IV gold alloy was cast into a three-quarter crown mold. The discrepancy at 6 locations (1 lingual, 1 mesial, 1 distal, and 3 facial) was measured with a traveling microscope. Five readings were collected. Means and standard deviations were calculated for all data. A 2-way analysis of variance followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple comparisons was used to identify significant differences between groups at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS: For the gingival measurement sites (lingual, mesial, and distal), there was no significant difference in cast adaptation when Shofu Hard and paraffin 1080 waxes were used. However, the results with these 2 waxes were different than with Shofu Red and P38. For the 3 facial measurement sites, significantly different measurements were found for each wax; P38 demonstrated the best results. Casting shrinkage was smaller with the use of 100% special liquid. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, casting shrinkage was affected by the type of wax used and was sensitive to the site at which dimensional measurements were performed. The higher the softening temperature, the larger the casting shrinkage. 相似文献
2.
Igarashi Y Yamashita S Kuroiwa A 《The European journal of prosthodontics and restorative dentistry》1999,7(4):107-111
Changes of interarch distance and condylar position related to loss of the posterior occlusal support were investigated. Five subjects, whose mandibular premolars and molars needed to be restored, were selected. Their experimental prostheses were removed in sequence from the most posterior to anterior. The more the posterior occlusal support decreased, the more the interarch distance in the first molar region decreased. When the occlusal supports of both mandibular molars and premolars were absent, the condylar position moved superio-anteriorly. The occlusal support of the first molar showed a significant role in maintaining the intercuspal and condylar position. 相似文献
3.
Abe S Kaneko H Nakamura Y Watanabe Y Shintani M Hashimoto M Yamane G Ide Y Shimono M Ishikawa T Yamada Y Hayashi T 《The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental College》2002,43(3):199-203
It has been reported that swallowing is a rhythmic movement, in which the onset of the oro-pharyngeal stage of swallowing starts from the mylohyoid muscle, followed by movement of the oral and pharyngeal muscles, and reaching the superior esophageal sphincter muscle. This is defined as the oro-pharyngeal stage of swallowing. It has also been reported that along with this movement, the larynx elevates in an antero-superior direction. To investigate the swallowing movement, it would be useful to be able to detect the start of swallowing movements from the body surface. Such a device was designed in this study to investigate the relationships between the onset of laryngeal movement and the EMG initiation of the anterior digastric muscle. Although experimental conditions must be further examined, we were able to record the reproducible movement and the position of larynx using our device provides another tool for studying the swallowing movement. 相似文献
4.
Ayyappan Anitha Ismail Thanseem Kazuhiko Nakamura Mahesh M. Vasu Kazuo Yamada Takatoshi Ueki Yoshimi Iwayama Tomoko Toyota Kenji J. Tsuchiya Yasuhide Iwata Katsuaki Suzuki Toshiro Sugiyama Masatsugu Tsujii Takeo Yoshikawa Norio Mori 《Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN》2014,39(5):294-303
Background
In a genome-wide association study of autism, zinc finger protein 804A (ZNF804A) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to be nominally associated in verbally deficient individuals with autism. Zinc finger protein 804A copy number variations (CNVs) have also been observed in individuals with autism. In addition, ZNF804A is known to be involved in theory of mind (ToM) tasks, and ToM deficits are deemed responsible for the communication and social challenges faced by individuals with autism. We hypothesized that ZNF804A could be a risk gene for autism.Methods
We examined the genetic association and CNVs of ZNF804A in 841 families in which 1 or more members had autism. We compared the expression of ZNF804A in the postmortem brains of individuals with autism (n = 8) and controls (n = 13). We also assessed in vitro the effect of ZNF804A silencing on the expression of several genes known to be involved in verbal efficiency and social cognition.Results
We found that rs7603001 was nominally associated with autism (p = 0.018). The association was stronger (p = 0.008) in the families of individuals with autism who were verbally deficient (n = 761 families). We observed ZNF804A CNVs in 7 verbally deficient boys with autism. In ZNF804A knockdown cells, the expression of synaptosomal-associated protein, 25kDa (SNAP25) was reduced compared with controls (p = 0.009). The expression of ZNF804A (p = 0.009) and SNAP25 (p = 0.009) were reduced in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) of individuals with autism. There was a strong positive correlation between the expression of ZNF804A and SNAP25 in the ACG (p < 0.001).Limitations
Study limitations include our small sample size of postmortem brains.Conclusion
Our results suggest that ZNF804A could be a potential candidate gene mediating the intermediate phenotypes associated with verbal traits in individuals with autism. 相似文献5.
Sayaka Otake Norio Suzuki Atsushi Takahashi Fumiaki Toki Akira Nishi Hideki Yamamoto Minoru Kuroiwa Hiroyuki Kuwano 《Surgery today》2014,44(8):1400-1405
Background/purpose
To clarify the role of interval appendectomy (IA) in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis with an appendiceal inflammatory mass or abscess, we histologically analyzed the appendices removed during IA.Patients and methods
We treated 355 consecutive pediatric patients with acute appendicitis and reviewed the admission charts of patients who started conservative management (CM). The histology of the appendix removed during IA was also examined. The relationships among the clinical features, appendicolith formation at the time of IA and histological findings were analyzed by stepwise regression analyses.Results
(1) CM was started in 48 patients (13.5 %). Recurrence or a remaining abscess was observed in nine patients (18.8 %). (2) Histopathological changes, particularly foreign body reaction with fibrosis and infiltration of inflammatory cells, were observed in about half of the specimens. (3) In a stepwise regression analysis, the presence of an appendicolith at IA was correlated with an appendicolith at diagnosis, foreign body reaction in the appendix and a decrease in the inflammatory reaction at diagnosis.Conclusion
More than half the patients had strong histopathological changes in the appendix, suggesting a high possibility of recurrence. The presence of appendicolith formation at IA, which is a risk factor for recurrence, was influenced by the presence of an appendicolith at diagnosis, foreign body reaction in the appendix and the inflammatory status of patients at diagnosis. These clinical findings are indications for IA. 相似文献6.
7.
8.
9.
Won-Gyu Choi Masatsugu Toyota Su-Hwa Kim Richard Hilleary Simon Gilroy 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2014,111(17):6497-6502
Their sessile lifestyle means that plants have to be exquisitely sensitive to their environment, integrating many signals to appropriate developmental and physiological responses. Stimuli ranging from wounding and pathogen attack to the distribution of water and nutrients in the soil are frequently presented in a localized manner but responses are often elicited throughout the plant. Such systemic signaling is thought to operate through the redistribution of a host of chemical regulators including peptides, RNAs, ions, metabolites, and hormones. However, there are hints of a much more rapid communication network that has been proposed to involve signals ranging from action and system potentials to reactive oxygen species. We now show that plants also possess a rapid stress signaling system based on Ca2+ waves that propagate through the plant at rates of up to ∼400 µm/s. In the case of local salt stress to the Arabidopsis thaliana root, Ca2+ wave propagation is channeled through the cortex and endodermal cell layers and this movement is dependent on the vacuolar ion channel TPC1. We also provide evidence that the Ca2+ wave/TPC1 system likely elicits systemic molecular responses in target organs and may contribute to whole-plant stress tolerance. These results suggest that, although plants do not have a nervous system, they do possess a sensory network that uses ion fluxes moving through defined cell types to rapidly transmit information between distant sites within the organism.Plants are constantly tailoring their responses to current environmental conditions via a complex array of chemical regulators that integrate developmental and physiological programs across the plant body. Environmental stimuli are often highly localized in nature, but the subsequent plant response is often elicited throughout the entire organism. For example, soil is a highly heterogeneous environment and the root encounters stimuli that are presented in a patchy manner. Thus, factors including dry or waterlogged regions of the soil, variations in the osmotic environment, and stresses such as elevated levels of salt are all likely to be encountered locally by individual root tips, but the information may have to be acted on by the plant as a whole.In animals, long-range signaling to integrate activities across the organism occurs through rapid ionic/membrane potential-driven signaling through the nervous system in addition to operating via long-distance chemical signaling. Plants have also been proposed to possess a rapid, systemic communication network, potentially mediated through signals ranging from changes in membrane potential/ion fluxes (1–3) and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (4, 5) to altered hydraulics in the vasculature (6). Even so, the molecular mechanisms behind rapid, systemic signaling in plants and whether such signals indeed carry regulatory information remains largely unknown. Suggestions that Ca2+ channels play a role in signals that occlude sieve tube elements (7), or that mediate systemic electrical signaling (2) in response to remote wounding, highlight Ca2+-dependent signaling events as a strong candidate for mediating some of these long-range responses. Similarly, cooling of roots elicits Ca2+ increases in the shoot within minutes (8), suggesting systemic signals can elicit Ca2+-dependent responses at distal sites within the plant. However, despite extensive characterization of Ca2+ signals (reviewed in ref. 9), their roles in a possible plant-wide communication network remain poorly understood. Therefore, to visualize how Ca2+ might act in local and systemic signaling, we generated Arabidopsis plants expressing the highly sensitive, GFP-based, cytoplasmic Ca2+ sensor YCNano-65 (10). We observed that a range of abiotic stresses including H2O2, touch, NaCl, and cold shock triggered Ca2+ increases at the point of application. However, NaCl also elicited a Ca2+ increase that moved away from the point of stress application. Propagation of this Ca2+ increase was associated with subsequent systemic changes in gene expression. We also report that this salt stress-induced long-distance Ca2+ wave is dependent on the activity of the ion channel protein Two Pore Channel 1 (TPC1), which also appears to contribute to whole-plant stress tolerance. 相似文献
10.
Masashi Yamamoto Keitaro Tanaka Shinsuke Masubuchi Masatsugu Ishii Hiroki Hamamoto Shigenori Suzuki Yasuhiko Ueda Junji Okuda Kazuhisa Uchiyama 《American journal of surgery》2018,215(1):58-61