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1.
Tympanic membranes (TM) that have healed spontaneously after perforation present abnormalities in their structural and mechanical properties; i.e., they are thickened and abnormally dense. These changes result in a deterioration of middle ear (ME) sound transmission, which is clinically presented as a conductive hearing loss (CHL). To fully understand the ME sound transmission under TM pathological conditions, we created a gerbil model with a controlled 50% pars tensa perforation, which was left to heal spontaneously for up to 4 weeks (TM perforations had fully sealed after 2 weeks). After the recovery period, the ME sound transmission, both in the forward and reverse directions, was directly measured with two-tone stimulation. Measurements were performed at the input, the ossicular chain, and output of the ME system, i.e., at the TM, umbo, and scala vestibuli (SV) next to the stapes. We found that variations in ME transmission in forward and reverse directions were not symmetric. In the forward direction, the ME pressure gain decreased in a frequency-dependent manner, with smaller loss (within 10 dB) at low frequencies and more dramatic loss at high frequency regions. The loss pattern was mainly from the less efficient acoustical to mechanical coupling between the TM and umbo, with little changes along the ossicular chain. In the reverse direction, the variations in these ears are relatively smaller. Our results provide detailed functional observations that explain CHL seen in clinical patients with abnormal TM, e.g., caused by otitis media, that have healed spontaneously after perforation or post-tympanoplasty, especially at high frequencies. In addition, our data demonstrate that changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) result from altered ME transmission in both the forward and reverse direction by a reduction of the effective stimulus levels and less efficient transfer of DPs from the ME into the ear canal. This confirms that DPOAEs can be used to assess both the health of the cochlea and the middle ear.  相似文献   
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目的通过生物信息学分析筛选脓毒症诱导急性肺损伤(ALI)的关键基因。 方法从基因表达谱(GEO)数据库中下载GSE10474数据集,该数据集包含13例脓毒症ALI患者样本(ALI组)和21例脓毒症患者样本(脓毒症组)基因数据。使用limma包筛选两组样本的差异表达基因,并对筛选出的差异表达基因进行基因本体论(GO)功能分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析。通过STRING数据库构建蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络并确定前10位hub基因。 结果从GSE10474数据集中共筛选出115个差异表达基因,其中65个上调基因,50个下调基因。GO分析显示,生物过程的基因主要富集在金属离子稳态、氧化应激、电离辐射等;细胞组分主要富集在液泡膜、高尔基体膜、内质网膜、溶酶体膜等生物膜;这些基因主要与生物跨膜、泛素结合酶活性、蛋白络氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸激酶结合蛋白活性以及蛋白激酶抑制活性等分子功能相关。KEGG富集分析显示,差异表达基因主要富集在磷脂酶信号通路、胰岛素信号通路、T细胞介导的免疫反应以及免疫相关的信号通路。PPI网络图筛选出了前10位hub基因,分别为CD4、CD74、髓细胞核分化抗原(MNDA)、髓细胞触发受体1(TREM1)、人白细胞抗原DRA(HLA-DRA)、细胞附着蛋白1相互作用蛋白(CYTIP)、凝血因子XⅢA链(F13A1)、血清胱抑素F(CST7)、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶1(MAPK1)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶抑制剂1A(CDKN1A)。 结论CD4、CD74、MNDA、TREM1、HLA-DRA、CYTIP、F13A1、CST7、MAPK1及CDKN1A是脓毒症诱导ALI的关键基因,可作为临床治疗和新药开发的新靶点。  相似文献   
3.

目的:调查湖北省恩施州不同硒含量地区初中生的近视情况,分析血硒和发硒含量与近视发生的相关性。

方法:横断面研究。以随机抽样方法分别抽取2020-09/2021-09富硒(土壤硒含量≥1.28mg/kg)及缺硒(土壤硒含量<1.28mg/kg)地区初中1~3年级学生共600名,各年级学生100名。检测血硒和发硒含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶浓度和近视情况。

结果:近视组学生244名(40.7%)血硒含量为75.14±11.16μg/L,发硒含量为0.51±0.01μg/g,非近视组学生356名(59.3%)血硒含量为110.24±12.14μg/L,发硒含量为0.68±0.02μg/g,两组血硒和发硒含量均有差异(均P<0.01)。低硒地区300名学生血硒含量为76.74±11.25μg/L,发硒含量为0.45±0.01μg/g,近视人数154名(51.3%); 富硒地区300名学生血硒含量为102.31±10.26μg/L,发硒含量为0.71±0.02μg/g,近视人数90名(30.0%),与低硒地区学生比较,富硒地区学生血硒和发硒含量明显较高,近视发病率明显减少(均P<0.01)。富硒地区学生的GSH-Px活力含量为114.65±12.12U/L,低硒地区为75.34±13.20U/L(Z=37.994,P<0.01)。血硒和发硒含量与近视发病率负相关(r=-0.542、-0.621,P<0.05)。

结论:恩施地区初中生血硒和发硒含量与近视的发生显著相关,有可能为临床上防治近视提供新思路。  相似文献   

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目的研究系统营养联合节律运动对糖尿病合并心血管疾病风险人群干预的效果。方法选取60名有糖尿病史(≥3年)的受试者,每天进行系统营养联合节律运动的干预,连续干预60d。干预前、干预后分别采用生物电全身扫描、动脉硬化检测、糖尿病风险评估等技术对60名受试者进行检测。结果与干预前比较,干预后绝大部分受试者血糖、血脂水平,心血管系统相关脏器活性及心血管并发症发病风险相关指标均显著改善。结论节律运动联合系统营养可显著改善糖代谢异常人群的糖代谢水平,并可显著降低心血管并发症发病风险。  相似文献   
8.
IntroductionAlthough hyperferritinemia may reflect the inflammatory status of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), approximately 33% of hyperferritinemia cases reflect real hepatic iron overload.AimTo evaluate a non-invasive method for assessing mild iron overload in patients with NAFLD using 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relaxometry, serum hepcidin, and the expression of ferritin subunits.MethodsThis cross-sectional study assessed patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. MRI relaxometry was performed using a 3T scanner in all patients, and the results were compared with iron content determined by liver biopsy. Ferritin, hepcidin, and ferritin subunits were assessed and classified according to ferritin levels and to siderosis identified by liver biopsy.ResultsA total of 67 patients with NAFLD were included in the study. MRI revealed mild iron overload in all patients (sensitivity, 73.5%; specificity, 70%). For mild (grade 1) siderosis, the transverse relaxation rate (R2*) threshold was 58.9 s?1 and the mean value was 72.5 s?1 (SD, 33.9), while for grades 2/3 it was 88.2 s?1 (SD, 31.9) (p < 0.001). The hepcidin threshold for siderosis was > 30.2 ng/mL (sensitivity, 87%; specificity, 82%). Ferritin H and ferritin L subunits were expressed similarly in patients with NAFLD, regardless of siderosis. There were no significant differences in laboratory test results between the groups, including glucose parameters and liver function tests.ConclusionsMRI relaxometry and serum hepcidin accurately assessed mild iron overload in patients with dysmetabolic iron overload syndrome.  相似文献   
9.
AIM: To investigate fluctuation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and seasonal variation of 24-hour IOP during one year in healthy participants METHODS: Totally 13 young healthy volunteers participated in this study. IOP was measured with Canon TX-20 at about 8:00-9:00 a.m. from Monday to Friday every week for a whole year. They also underwent 24-hour IOP examination every three months. Blood pressure, heart rate, temperature, humidity, atmosphere pressure, sunshine duration and other environment parameters were recorded. RESULTS: The yearly fluctuation curve showed IOP in the summer months were lower than other seasons. In the multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis, IOP had a negative correlation with both temperature and sunshine duration (P<0.05). There also was a seasonal effect on 24-hour IOP. However, all intraclass correlation coefficients values of minimum, maximum and average of the 24-hour IOP and each individual IOP were less than 0.30. CONCLUSION: IOP is trend to be higher in cold days than warm days. IOP have negative association with both environmental temperature and duration of sunshine. On a season-to-season basis, 24-hour IOP is not highly reproducible in healthy volunteers.  相似文献   
10.
Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - Ferromagnetic foreign bodies (FFB) present during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) explorations can lead to tissue injury due to...  相似文献   
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