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1.
Microbial co-infections are another primary concern in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet it is an untouched area among researchers. Preliminary data and systematic reviews only show the type of pathogens responsible for that, but its pathophysiology is still unknown. Studies show that these microbial co-infections are hospital-acquired/nosocomial infections, and patients admitted to intensive care units with invasive mechanical ventilation are highly susceptible to it. Patients with COVID-19 had elevated inflammatory cytokines and a weakened cell-mediated immune response, with lower CD4+ T and CD8+ T cell counts, indicating vulnerability to various co-infections. Despite this, there are only a few studies that recommend the management of co-infections. 相似文献
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Uday Yanamandra Prateek Deo Kamal Kant Sahu Ram Vasudevan Nampoothiri Nalini Gupta Anusree Prabhakaran Deb Prasad Dhibhar Alka Khadwal Gaurav Prakash Man Upadesh Singh Sachdeva Deepesh Lad Neelam Varma Subhash Varma Pankaj Malhotra 《Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia》2019,19(3):183-189.e1
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy of plasma cell origin. MM primarily affects bone marrow, but extramedullary sites can also be involved. Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is an atypical and rare complication of MM. We aimed to systematically study the incidence and clinicopathologic profile of patients with MPE in a real-world setting.Patients and Methods
In this retrospective study, 415 consecutive patients with MM managed at a tertiary care center in North India during a study period of January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015 were evaluated for MPE. The patients with MPE were analyzed for their clinical profile, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.Results
Of these 415 patients, 11 (2.65%) patients had MPE. The median age of the study population was 50 years with male preponderance. The majority of these patients had immunoglobin (Ig)G Kappa disease. All patients had higher than International Staging System stage I disease. MPE was a presenting feature at MM diagnosis in 45.45% (n = 5) of the patients, whereas the rest developed MPE during follow-up. MPE presented predominantly (81.8%) as a unilateral effusion. Concurrent extramedullary involvement at other site was seen in 45.45% (n = 5), with 3 (27%) patients having concurrent myelomatous ascites. Six of these were managed aggressively, whereas 5 patients opted for palliation. The outcomes were dismal (90.9% mortality), with a median survival of 2.47 months.Conclusion
MPE is a rare entity, and positive outcomes of therapy remain low with dismal prognosis. 相似文献4.
Donna M. Brennan-Crispi Andrew M. Overmiller Lukas Tamayo-Orrego Molly R. Marous Joya Sahu Kathleen P. McGuinn Felicia Cooper Ioanna Ch. Georgiou Maxwell Frankfurter Julio C. Salas-Alanis Frédéric Charron Sarah E. Millar Mỹ G. Mahoney Natalia A. Riobo-Del Galdo 《The Journal of investigative dermatology》2019,139(2):300-307
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Although, a large proportion of pathogenic bacteria gets eliminated from hosts after antibiotic treatment, a fraction of population confronts against such effects and undergoes growth arrest to form persisters. Persistence in bacteria is a dormant physiological state where cells escape the effects of antimicrobials as well as other host immune defences without any genetic mutations. The state of dormancy is achieved through various complex phenomena and it is known that a gene pair named as toxin–antitoxin (TA) acts as a key player of persister cell formation where the toxin is activated either stochastically or after an environmental insult, thereby silencing the physiological processes. However, the controversial role of TA modules in persister cell formation has also been documented with reasonable clarity. Persisters may revert back from state of quiescence and regrow when conditions become favourable for their propagation. Therefore, the elimination of dormant bacteria is crucial, and currently, research interest is highly focussed on developing several antipersister strategies that may kill persister bacteria by targeting different molecules . It is worth examining these targets to develop appropriate therapeutic interventions against bacterial infections and it is believed that earmarking TA system can be a novel approach for resuscitation of persisters. In this review, we discussed the role of TA modules in mediating persistence with highlighting on the debatable issues regarding contribution of these modules in dormant bacteria formation. Furthermore, we discussed if these modules in bacteria can be targeted for successful elimination of dormant persister cells. 相似文献
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Nicole D. Facompre Pavithra Rajagopalan Varun Sahu Alexander T. Pearson Kathleen T. Montone Claire D. James Frederico O. Gleber-Netto Gregory S. Weinstein Jalal Jalaly Alexander Lin Anil K. Rustgi Hiroshi Nakagawa Joseph A. Califano Curtis R. Pickering Elizabeth A. White Bradford E. Windle Iain M. Morgan Roger B. Cohen Phyllis A. Gimotty Devraj Basu 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,147(11):3236-3249
7.
D. Panigrahy P. K. Sahu 《Australasian physical & engineering sciences in medicine / supported by the Australasian College of Physical Scientists in Medicine and the Australasian Association of Physical Sciences in Medicine》2016,39(3):783-795
Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal gives a lot of information on the physiology of heart. In reality, noise from various sources interfere with the ECG signal. To get the correct information on physiology of the heart, noise cancellation of the ECG signal is required. In this paper, the effectiveness of extended Kalman smoother (EKS) with the differential evolution (DE) technique for noise cancellation of the ECG signal is investigated. DE is used as an automatic parameter selection method for the selection of ten optimized components of the ECG signal, and those are used to create the ECG signal according to the real ECG signal. These parameters are used by the EKS for the development of the state equation and also for initialization of the parameters of EKS. EKS framework is used for denoising the ECG signal from the single channel. The effectiveness of proposed noise cancellation technique has been evaluated by adding white, colored Gaussian noise and real muscle artifact noise at different SNR to some visually clean ECG signals from the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The proposed noise cancellation technique of ECG signal shows better signal to noise ratio (SNR) improvement, lesser mean square error (MSE) and percent of distortion (PRD) compared to other well-known methods. 相似文献
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Silver is one of the valuable materials exist freely on earth crust. Worldwide, massive demand in different purpose makes silver very valuable. On information nearly twenty percent of silver were collected from non-ferrous metallurgical industry, locally generated scrap and photographic film. The toxicity of silver directly impact on surface and ground ecosystem. So it's compulsory to treat and recycle silver from waste material. To fulfil the demand of silver from waste, an enzyme from pineapple make of use. The aim of research work is to recover the silver metal from waste X-ray film by bromelain enzyme as biocatalyst. Response surface methodology full factorial design was used to optimize three operating parameters for maximum recovery of silver. The result shows silver recovery increases with increase in protein concentration, 5.4 mg of pure silver can be recovered from 600 mg of waste X-rays film at most favourable condition of protein concentration 0.2857 mg/ml; temperature 45 °C, pH6.5 and stripping time 20 min. At same optimised parameters, papain biocatalyst shows 4.8 mg and sodium hydroxide shows 5.2 mg recovery of pure silver. The obtained silver powder (grain) having 91.12% purity and total silver recovered. 相似文献