下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

目的 研究在下肢动脉缺血患者中血管压力假性升高的发生比例,及其与糖尿病的关系.方法 回顾性收集自2006年3月至2008年3月在安贞医院血管外科住院或门诊就诊的182例下肢缺血患者的临床资料,将患者分为3组,不存在假性高压组;存在假性高压组(ABI<1.3);及存在假性高压组(ABI≥1.3).分析其下肢无创血管检查中的踝臂指数(ankle-brachial index,ABI)与趾臂指数(toe brachial index,TBI),并与彩超,造影、MRA、及CT等结果相比较分析其ABI是否存在假性升高,检测下肢缺血的漏诊与误诊情况.结果 在182例患者中,102例(56.0%)不存在假性高压,其中27.5%患有糖尿病;72例(39.6%)存在假性高压同时ABI<1.3,其中44.4%患有糖尿病;8例(4.4%)患者存在假性高压同时ABI≥1.3,其中75%患有糖尿病.3组之间患有糖尿病的比例差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 在患有糖尿病的下肢缺血患者中,存在假性高压的比例明显升高,应综合分析辅助检查结果来判断肢体缺血程度.     

重视静脉疾病的临床治疗及基础研究

静脉疾病是血管外科疾病的重要组成部分,其在人群中的总体发病率和疾病复杂程度都要超过动脉疾病.统计资料表明,静脉血栓栓塞症在美国的发病率为77.6/10万人,每年新发病例有275 000例之多.     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

华法林在我国治疗静脉血栓栓塞性疾病的最优抗凝区间

目的 前瞻性研究我国静脉血栓栓塞性疾病(VTE)患者不同华法林抗凝强度区间的出血率和VTE复发率及寻找最优国际标准化比值(INR)区间.方法 将2006年10月至2007年7月间安贞医院收治的180例VTE患者作为研究对象,随机分成A、B、C 3组,每组各60例,分别对应INR目标区问是1.50～1.99(低强度抗凝组)、2.00～2.50(中等强度抗凝组)及2.51～3.00(高强度抗凝组).INR稳定在目标区间2周以上后,开始正式观察每组大、中、小量出血率及VTE复发率.研究者及观察对象均遵循盲法原则.结果 低强度组与中高强度组的复发率分别为8.3%、1.7%(P=0.042).低、中、高强度抗凝3组间少量出血率分别为8.3%、18.3%及6.7%(P=0.089);低与中高强度组中量出血率分别为3.3%、7.5%(P=0.341);低与中高强度组大量出血率分别为0%、3.3%(P=0.303).62岁以上人群,中低强度组大出血(1例)与高强度组(3例)相比(即INR从1.5～2.5增加到2.51～3.00),危险比为12.600(95%可信区间为1.183～134.238).结论 对于一般中国人.华法林抗凝INR在2.0～3.0之间既能减少VTE复发风险又不增加出血风险,故INR应推荐在2.0～3.0之间.对于年龄62岁以上的高龄人群,INR应推荐在2.0～2.5之间.     

下肢动脉缺血性患者假性高压的鉴别及临床意义

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis of and management for pseudo-high blood pressure in patients with lower limb ischemia. Methods From March 2006 to March 2007, 182 cases with lower limb ischemia were admitted, and they were divided into three groups. In group 1 pseudo-high blood pressure did not exist, in group 2, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure with ABI<1.3, in group 3, patients had pseudo-high blood pressure and with ABI≥1.3. ABI and TBI were compared with color Doppler, angiography, MRA and CTA. Results In all those 182 patients, there were 102(56.0%)cases having no pseudo-high blood pressure, and 27.5% with concomitant diabetes. Seventy-two cases(39.6%) had pseudo-high blood pressure (ABI<1.3) with 44.4% having diabetes. Eight cases (4.4%) (ABI≥ 1.3) manifested pseudo-high blood pressure with the ratio concomitant diabetes being 75%. Conclusions In diabetic patients with lower limb's ischemia there is increased ratio of pseudo-high blood pressure.     

华法林在我国治疗静脉血栓栓塞性疾病的最优抗凝区间

目的 前瞻性研究我国静脉血栓栓塞性疾病(VTE)患者不同华法林抗凝强度区间的出血率和VTE复发率及寻找最优国际标准化比值(INR)区间.方法 将2006年10月至2007年7月间安贞医院收治的180例VTE患者作为研究对象,随机分成A、B、C 3组,每组各60例,分别对应INR目标区问是1.50～1.99(低强度抗凝组)、2.00～2.50(中等强度抗凝组)及2.51～3.00(高强度抗凝组).INR稳定在目标区间2周以上后,开始正式观察每组大、中、小量出血率及VTE复发率.研究者及观察对象均遵循盲法原则.结果 低强度组与中高强度组的复发率分别为8.3%、1.7%(P=0.042).低、中、高强度抗凝3组间少量出血率分别为8.3%、18.3%及6.7%(P=0.089);低与中高强度组中量出血率分别为3.3%、7.5%(P=0.341);低与中高强度组大量出血率分别为0%、3.3%(P=0.303).62岁以上人群,中低强度组大出血(1例)与高强度组(3例)相比(即INR从1.5～2.5增加到2.51～3.00),危险比为12.600(95%可信区间为1.183～134.238).结论 对于一般中国人.华法林抗凝INR在2.0～3.0之间既能减少VTE复发风险又不增加出血风险,故INR应推荐在2.0～3.0之间.对于年龄62岁以上的高龄人群,INR应推荐在2.0～2.5之间.     

动脉支架放置术前白细胞计数与锁骨下动脉支架远期通畅率的观察

Objective To study relationship between preprocedural white blood cell count(WBC) and long-term patency of stent implanted in the subelavian artery.Methods Data of 113 cases with stents implanted in the atherosclerotic SUbclavian arteries in Anzhen Hospital,Beijing during January 2005 to January 2008 were analyzed.Student t-test was used to compare the difierence in WBC count between those with patency and those with stenosis after the procedure and chi-square test was used to compare the difference in stent pateney between those with higher and lower WBC counts.Results There Was significant difference in WBC counts between 102 cases with patency and 11 cases with stenosis of the stents after implantation(t=-5.051.P<0.001).Percentage of patency ofthe stents in 36 cases witll higher WBC count(>7.195×109/L)was significantly higher than that in 77 cases with lower WBC count(≤7.195× 109/L)before the procedure(P=0.001).Among 113 cases with stents implanted,109 cases(96.5%) could keep their stents patent one year after implantation,and 60 cases(89.6%)could keep stents patent three yeats after implantation.Conclusions In addition to those traditional factors associated with long-term patency of stents after their implantation,inereased WBC count alSO associated with stenosis or occlusion of the stents after the procedure.     

动脉支架放置术前白细胞计数与锁骨下动脉支架远期通畅率的观察

Objective To study relationship between preprocedural white blood cell count(WBC) and long-term patency of stent implanted in the subelavian artery.Methods Data of 113 cases with stents implanted in the atherosclerotic SUbclavian arteries in Anzhen Hospital,Beijing during January 2005 to January 2008 were analyzed.Student t-test was used to compare the difierence in WBC count between those with patency and those with stenosis after the procedure and chi-square test was used to compare the difference in stent pateney between those with higher and lower WBC counts.Results There Was significant difference in WBC counts between 102 cases with patency and 11 cases with stenosis of the stents after implantation(t=-5.051.P<0.001).Percentage of patency ofthe stents in 36 cases witll higher WBC count(>7.195×109/L)was significantly higher than that in 77 cases with lower WBC count(≤7.195× 109/L)before the procedure(P=0.001).Among 113 cases with stents implanted,109 cases(96.5%) could keep their stents patent one year after implantation,and 60 cases(89.6%)could keep stents patent three yeats after implantation.Conclusions In addition to those traditional factors associated with long-term patency of stents after their implantation,inereased WBC count alSO associated with stenosis or occlusion of the stents after the procedure.     

低分子肝素联合安步乐克治疗重度下肢缺血的前瞻性研究

目的:前瞻性随机对照研究,低分子肝素联合安步乐克治疗重度下肢缺血。方法:将83例重度下肢缺血患者随机分为治疗组及对照组,分别给予低分子肝素、安步乐克、培达和胰激肽释放酶,并比较两组间的疗效性及安全性。结果:治疗组显效率38.5%(30/78),有效率48.7%(38/78),无效率12.8%(10/78);对照组显效率10.1%(7/69),有效率14.5%(10/69),无效率为75.4%(52/69)(P<0.001);两组皆无出血病例。结论:低分子肝素与安步乐克联合应用,可以起到协同作用,不仅可以增加下肢缺血FontaineⅡ期患者的跛行距离,更能使下肢缺血FontaineⅢ及Ⅳ期患者的静息痛减轻或消失,促进侧枝动脉形成,同时也未增加出血风险,体现了两者联合的有效性及安全性。