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1.
Malinda Itchins Brandon Lau Amanda L. Hudson Helen Westman Cathy Yi Xia Sarah A. Hayes Viive M. Howell Michael Rodriguez Wendy A. Cooper Heng Wei Michael Buckland Bob T. Li Mark Li Vivek Rathi Stephen B. Fox Anthony J. Gill Stephen J. Clarke Michael J. Boyer Nick Pavlakis 《The oncologist》2020,25(8):641-649
2.
Jessica Mumford Michael Kohn Julie Briody Jane Miskovic-Wheatley Sloane Madden Simon Clarke Andrew Biggin Aaron Schindeler Craig Munns 《The Journal of adolescent health》2019,64(3):305-310
Purpose
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a chronic and life-threatening eating disorder that can have a considerable negative impact on the growing skeleton. We hypothesized that the long-term impact on bone health may persist even after normalization of body weight.Methods
41 females (mean age 21.2 ± 2.9 years) with a history of adolescent-onset AN attended a follow-up bone health assessment at 5 years (T5, n?=?28) or 10 years (T10, n?=?13) after their first AN-related hospital admission. Assessment included dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements of the total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur, peripheral quantitative computed tomography at the radius and tibia, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemistry, fracture history, and a patient questionnaire.Results
A recovery in body weight and BMI was seen for both the T5 and T10 cohorts (BMI at intake 16.6, BMI at T5-T10 21.2-21.3). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry body composition indicated a recovery of fat mass and lean tissue mass. Total BMD was unaffected, but reductions were seen at the femoral neck and arms. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography showed reduced trabecular and cortical bone in the radius, and cortical thinning in the tibia. AN patients showed a statistically significant reduction in measures of radiographic bone health at follow up, although not to a degree that necessitated clinical intervention. Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 was also positively correlated with total BMD and BMC measures. While fracture risk was not increased, a subset of participants (8%) showed multiple (>4) fractures.Conclusion
A longitudinal study of adolescent AN showed persisting negative effects on bone health. 相似文献3.
4.
C.M. ODonnell N. Black K.C. McCourt M.E. McBrien M. Clarke C.C. Patterson B. Blackwood D.F. McAuley M.O. Shields 《British journal of anaesthesia》2019,122(1):120-130
Background
Perioperative studies of patients following hip fracture have large heterogeneity within their reported outcomes. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set for use in perioperative studies comparing the types of anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery.Methods
The consensus process consisted of a systematic review of the literature, three rounds of a Delphi survey, two consensus webinars, and face-to-face patient meetings.Results
The Delphi participants represented nine stakeholder groups. The numbers of participants completing Rounds 1–3 were 242, 186, and 169, respectively. Seventeen outcomes that met the predefined consensus criteria were considered at two consensus meetings. A final set of 10 core outcomes was agreed: mortality, time from injury to surgery, acute coronary syndrome, hypotension, acute kidney injury, delirium, pneumonia, orthogeriatric input, being out of bed at day 1, and pain.Conclusions
We generated a consensus-based set of core outcomes recommended for use in all perioperative trials evaluating the effects of anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery. An important next step is developing consensus-based consistency on how they should be measured.5.
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Rebecca Venetianer Megan A. Clarke Jacolien van der Marel Joseph Tota Mark Schiffman Samuel Terence Dunn Joan Walker Rosemary Zuna Wim Quint Nicolas Wentzensen 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2020,146(10):2836-2844
Identification of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes causing cervical precancer is crucial for informing HPV vaccine development and efficacy studies, and for determining which types to include in next-generation genotyping assays. Co-occurrence of hrHPV infections is common and complicates carcinogenicity assessment; accurate attribution requires tissue-based genotyping of precancers. We included all women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia Grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) from the Biopsy Study, an observational study of 690 women enrolled between 2009 and 2012 at the University of Oklahoma. Tissue-based genotyping, including whole tissue sections (WTS) and laser-capture microdissection (LCM), was performed on all precancers with multiple hrHPV infections detected in cytology, totaling over 1,800 HPV genotyping assays. Genotype attribution was compared to hierarchical and proportional hrHPV-type attribution models. Of 276 women with CIN2+, 122 (44.2%) had multiple hrHPV genotypes in cytology. Of 114 women with genotyping data, 94 had one or more hrHPV detected in tissue. Seventy-one women (75.5%) had a single causal hrHPV genotype, while 23 women had multiple hrHPV genotypes causing CIN2+. Ten women had multiple causal infections in a single biopsy, contrary to the previous notion that each lesion is caused by a single type only. While HPV16 was the predominant causal hrHPV genotype using all approaches, the hierarchical model overattributed HPV16, whereas other causal hrHPV genotypes, particularly HPV18 and HPV35, were underattributed. Understanding true causal genotypes is important for the evaluation of vaccine efficacy, to estimate the extent of unmasking, and for type-specific risk assessment in screening and management. 相似文献