Cancer-promoting effect of Taiwan betel quid in hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cancer-promoting effect of Taiwan betel quid in hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-two non-inbred mate adult Syrian golden hamsters were randomly divided into six groups, each containing forty-two animalS. A treatment regimen over a 14-week experimental period was employed with six animals per group being killed at seven different periods (every 2 weeks). The right buccal pouch of each animal was painted three times a week with various combinations of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA), Taiwan betel quid extract, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and mineral oil.
RESULT: Both the number and size of tumors in animals concurrently treated with DMBA and betel quid were significantly higher than those in animals treated with DMBA alone in each killing period of 8, 10, 12 and 14 weekS. No visible tumors but hyperkeratosis and acanthosis were observed in pouches treated with betel quid alone for all killing periods.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate Taiwan betel quid may be a co-carcinogen in human oral carcinogenesis, if extrapolation can be made from the current animal study.     

蒿甲醚对大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞DNA的影响

目的:蒿甲醚除了具有良好的临床治疗作用外,对正常组织有极大的副作用。实验拟观察蒿甲醚对大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞的影响。方法:实验于2005-09-20/2007-03-10在山东省泰山医学院生命科学研究所、中心实验室和机能实验室完成。①实验材料:蒿甲醚购自昆明制药厂,分析纯,使用前先进行预处理,处理方法:研磨后用溶液配成1g/L的母液,超声助溶解后供实验用。Wistar大鼠70只,体质量(70±15)g,雌雄不拘,由山东大学医学院实验动物中心提供。实验过程中对动物处置符合动物伦理学标准。②实验方法:将大鼠随机分为普通饲料对照组(n=10)和实验组(n=60),实验组分6个亚组,分别在饲料中加入0.1,0.2,0.4,0.8,1.6,3.2mg/kg的蒿甲醚。采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术观察大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞DNA的改变。结果:70只大鼠,饲养过程中实验组死亡6只,死亡原因为饲料添加蒿甲醚造成。当饲料中的蒿甲醚浓度为0.1mg/kg时,大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞DNA损伤率与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义;饲料中的蒿甲醚浓度超过0.2mg/kg时,大鼠肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞DNA损伤率明显增加,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义。且损伤程度与饲料中蒿甲醚含量呈正相关。结论:当饲料中的蒿甲醚浓度超过0.2mg/kg时,蒿甲醚可在一定程度上改变肺泡Ⅱ型上皮细胞的DNA生物学特性。且随着蒿甲醚浓度的升高,这种损害更为明显。     

Transthoracic Repair of Asymptomatic Morgagni Hernia in an Adult

Morgagni hernia represents a rare type of diaphragmatic hernia which usually occurs on the right side, in the anterior mediastinum. Predisposing factors of Morgagni hernia include pregnancy, obesity or other causes of increased intraabdominal pressure, and a history of trauma. Most of adults diagnosed with a foramen of Morgagni are asymptomatic. We report a case of an overweight 23-year-old asymptomatic patient with a Morgagni hernia incidentally diagnosed on chest x-ray. There was a satisfactory result after the repair by a transthoracic approach.     

Vitiligo in children and adolescents: association with thyroid dysfunction

Background The clinical characteristics of vitiligo in children and adolescents with an emphasis on thyroid dysfunction have only been reported in a few studies. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of children and adolescents with vitiligo and compare the incidence of thyroid dysfunction between them and controls without vitiligo at the same age. Methods A retrospective analysis of 324 Korean children and adolescents with vitiligo was performed. The results of thyroid function screening tests in them (n = 254) were compared with controls (n = 122). Results Of the total 324 children and adolescents with vitiligo, vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type (42.3%) and the most commonly involved site was the face (54.6%). A total of 15 of 254 (5.9%) patients screened for thyroid function were diagnosed with thyroid disease (four had Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; two, Graves’ disease; seven, subclinical hypothyroidism; and two, subclinical hyperthyroidism). None of the 50 patients with segmental vitiligo showed any thyroid dysfunction (P = 0.047). There was no significant difference in the incidence of thyroid disease between children and adolescents with vitiligo and the control group, in which seven of 122 (5.7%) showed thyroid dysfunction. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated the characteristics of children and adolescents with vitiligo and also observed no significant difference in the incidence of thyroid disease between children and adolescents with vitiligo and the control group.     

LC-MS/MS测定人血浆中对乙酰氨基酚及其人体药动学和生物等效性研究

目的 建立一种快速、灵敏的高效液相色谱-串联质谱（HPLC-MS/MS）方法以测定人血浆中对乙酰氨基酚浓度,并应用于两种对乙酰氨基酚制剂的人体药代动力学和生物等效性研究。方法 以替硝唑为内标,200μL血浆样品经5倍于其体积的乙酸乙酯液液萃取,再经Waters XBridge? C18柱等度洗脱分离后导入串联质谱,以正离子多反应监测模式进行定量分析,对乙酰氨基酚和内标的选择性反应离子对分别是m/z 152→110和248→121。方法经验证后应用于19名健康受试者单剂量空腹口服两种对乙酰氨基酚制剂500mg后药代动力学和生物等效性的研究。结果 血浆中对乙酰氨基酚在0.1～8.0 μg·mL-1范围内线性良好（r2 > 0.99）,最低检测限为 0.1 μg·mL-1,提取回收率为91.0%～98.7%,日内和日间准确度分别为98.8%～111.3% （精密度：CV ? 9.03%）和94.9%～102.6% （精密度：CV ? 10.68%）。生物等效性试验中,受试制剂与参比制剂的主要药代动力学参数Cmax、AUC0-t和AUC0-∞ 几何均值比的90%置信区间分别为83.50%～105.79%,94.25%～101.54%和93.24%～101.02%,均落在生物等效可接受标准80.00%～125.00%范围内。结论 所建立测定人血浆中对乙酰氨基酚浓度的HPLC-MS/MS法具有快速灵敏、回收率高、选择性好的特点,适用于对乙酰氨基酚片人体药代动力学和生物等效性研究。受试制剂与参比制剂在人体内吸收速度和程度相似,两种制剂生物等效。