Richard Tregear,Co-founder of the Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility

Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility -     

Combining 2 Commonly Adopted Nutrition Instruments in the Critical Care Setting Is Superior to Administering Either One Alone

Background: This study aimed to determine the agreement between the modified Nutrition Risk in Critically ill Score (mNUTRIC) and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and compare their ability in discriminating and quantifying mortality risk independently and in combination. Methods: Between August 2015 and October 2016, all patients in a Singaporean hospital received the SGA within 48 hours of intensive care unit admission. Nutrition status was dichotomized into presence or absence of malnutrition. The mNUTRIC of patients was retrospectively calculated at the end of the study, and high mNUTRIC was defined as scores ≥5. Results: There were 439 patients and 67.9% had high mNUTRIC, whereas only 28% were malnourished. Hospital mortality was 29.6%, and none was lost to follow‐up. Although both tools had poor agreement (κ statistics: 0.13, P < .001), they had similar discriminative value for hospital mortality (C‐statistics [95% confidence interval (CI)], 0.66 [0.62–0.70] for high mNUTRIC and 0.61 [0.56–0.66] for malnutrition, P = .12). However, a high mNUTRIC was associated with higher adjusted odds for hospital mortality compared with malnutrition (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI], 5.32 [2.15–13.17], P < .001, and 4.27 [1.03–17.71], P = .046, respectively). Combination of both tools showed malnutrition and high mNUTRIC were associated with the highest adjusted odds for hospital mortality (14.43 [5.38–38.78], P < .001). Conclusion: The mNUTRIC and SGA had poor agreement. Although they individually provided a fair discriminative value for hospital mortality, the combination of these approaches is a better discriminator to quantify mortality risk.     

Incidence of Pulpal Complications after Diagnosis of Vital Cracked Teeth

Introduction

This retrospective cohort study aimed to observe the incidence of pulpitis and necrosis in teeth with cracks that were not endodontically treated.

Osteoporosis and Osseointegration of Implants

According to medical literature, osteoporosis and related bone pathologies are increasing in epidemic proportions. The exact etiology of the disease is unknown, but hormonal, dietary, and genetic factors all contribute to the related loss of bone density. In the disease process, bone loss occurs throughout the body. Research indicates that the mandible and maxilla are affected, and show oral manifestations. There is no scientific data to contraindicate the use of two-step osseointegrated implants in osteoporotic individuals. The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding osteoporosis and its relationship to oral bone loss.     

Changes in lip contour following treatment of maxillary protrusion with esthetic orthodontic appliances.

With the advent of acid etching techniques and the elimination of unesthetic band materials, direct bonding of orthodontic attachments kindled a desire for cosmetic appliances such as labial ceramic brackets and lingual orthodontics. Owing to the esthetic nature of our combination upper-lingual lower-ceramic orthodontic approach, adults who would have normally avoided orthodontic treatment are now seeking treatment. This study evaluated the cephalometric changes in the soft tissue lip profile following treatment of Class II Division 1 malocclusion with upper first bicuspid extractions with our esthetic orthodontic appliance approach. Serial lateral cephalograms (pretreatment and posttreatment) of 16 adult patients with a mean age of 22.1 +/- 3.2 years were studied. The mean upper incisor retraction, upper lip retraction, upper lip lengthening, and lower lip retraction were 5.75 +/- 1.91 mm, 2.8 +/- 1.4 mm, 1.5 +/- 0.6 mm, and 1.4 +/- 0.6 mm, respectively. All these changes were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The nasolabial angle increase of 10.8 +/- 3.0 degrees was also statistically significant (p < 0.01). The upper lip retraction to upper incisor retraction was 1:2.1, while the upper lip lengthening to upper incisor retraction was 1:3.8. The correlation coefficients (r) were 0.91 (p < 0.01) and 0.57 (p < 0.01), respectively. This study shows that significant esthetic changes in lip profile are possible with this cosmetic orthodontic appliance approach. The treatment results in this study appear comparable to those published with labial metal brackets. With very few exceptions, patients were able to adapt within 2 weeks, with almost no trauma to the tongue.