Prospective feasibility study of neoadjuvant dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin with bevacizumab therapy followed by interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian,fallopian tube,and primary peritoneal cancer patients

International Journal of Clinical Oncology - This study aimed to investigate the clinical benefit of dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) with bevacizumab therapy for advanced ovarian,...     

Changes of cancer diagnosis disclosure to children in Japan in the last 20 years

International Journal of Clinical Oncology - The practice of cancer diagnosis disclosure to children has been changed with the times. The regulations of clinical trials in the 2000s might change...     

Non-clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of rovatirelin,an orally available thyrotropin-releasing hormone analogue

1. The non-clinical pharmacokinetic profiles of rovatirelin, a novel thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue, were investigated in vivo and in vitro.

2. Rovatirelin orally administered to rats and dogs was rapidly absorbed and bioavailability was estimated to be 7.3 and 41.3%, respectively. The extent of plasma protein binding of rovatirelin in rats, dogs, and humans was low in all species (～15%). The permeability of rovatirelin from blood to brain (permeability-surface area) ranged from 1.04?±?0.14 to 1.29?±?0.28?μL/min/g in rats, and rovatirelin was stable in rat plasma and brain homogenates.

3. The metabolite pattern was qualitatively similar in vitro and in vivo. In animals, rovatirelin aminopentanoic acid (rovatirelin-acid), rovatirelin aminopentanone (rovatirelin-ketone), rovatirelin pyrrolidine (4S)-hydroxy (rovatirelin-OH), (thiazoylalanyl)methylpyrrolidine (TAMP), 3-(4-thiazoyl)-l-alanine (TA), and unknown metabolites were observed. In human hepatocytes, TAMP was mainly formed and no unique human metabolite was observed.

4. The radioactivity from administered [¹⁴C]rovatirelin was predominantly excreted in faeces in rats and dogs, and almost all radioactivity was recovered 168?h after administration. Absorption, brain penetration, and stability of rovatirelin in the brain were greater than for taltirelin.

5. Thus, orally administered rovatirelin is a potentially improved treatment for spinocerebellar degeneration compared with taltirelin.     

Simultaneous measurement of patient dose and distribution of indoor scattered radiation during digital breast tomosynthesis

Introduction

Breast cancer incidence increases from the age of 30 years. As this age range coincides with that in which women usually pursue pregnancy, undergoing medical examinations for conditions such as breast cancer is a concern, especially when pregnancy is uncertain during the first eight weeks. Moreover, in this age range, breast often exhibits a high density, thus compromising diagnosis. For such density, digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) provides a more accurate diagnosis than 2D mammography given its higher sensitivity and specificity. However, radiation exposure increases during DBT, and it should be determined.

The combination of oral-recombinant methioninase and azacitidine arrests a chemotherapy-resistant osteosarcoma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft mouse model

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology - Cancers are methionine (MET) and methylation addicted, causing them to be highly sensitive to MET restriction. The present study determined the efficacy of...     

Efficacy of local therapy for oligoprogressive disease after programmed cell death 1 blockade in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have dramatically changed the strategy used to treat patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the vast majority of patients eventually develop progressive disease (PD) and acquire resistance to ICIs. Some patients experience oligoprogressive disease. Few retrospective studies have evaluated clinical efficacy in patients with oligometastatic progression who received local therapy after ICI treatment. We conducted a retrospective analysis of advanced NSCLC patients who received PD‐1 inhibitor monotherapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab to evaluate the effects of ICIs on the patterns of progression and the efficacy of local therapy for oligoprogressive disease. Of the 307 patients treated with ICIs, 148 were evaluated in our study; 42 were treated with pembrolizumab, and 106 were treated with nivolumab. Thirty‐eight patients showed oligoprogression. Male sex, a lack of driver mutations, and smoking history were significantly correlated with the risk of oligoprogression. Primary lesions were most frequently detected at oligoprogression sites (15 patients), and 6 patients experienced abdominal lymph node (LN) oligoprogression. Four patients showed evidence of new abdominal LN oligometastases. There was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the local therapy group and the switch therapy group (reached vs. not reached, P = .456). We summarized clinical data on the response of oligoprogressive NSCLC to ICI therapy. The results may help to elucidate the causes of ICI resistance and indicate that the use of local therapy as the initial treatment in this setting is feasible treatment option.     

Success rates in minimal stimulation cycle IVF with clomiphene citrate only

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics - To determine age-adjusted overall success rates for patients undergoing clomiphene citrate only minimal stimulation cycle (mini) in vitro...