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排序方式: 共有643条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Marike Gabrielson Mattias Hammarström Magnus Bäcklund Jenny Bergqvist Kristina Lång Ann H Rosendahl Signe Borgquist Roxanna Hellgren Kamila Czene Per Hall 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2023,152(11):2362-2372
Tamoxifen prevents recurrence of breast cancer and is suggested for preventive risk-reducing therapy. Tamoxifen reduces mammographic density, a proxy for therapy response, but little is known about its effects in remodelling normal breast tissue. Our study, a substudy within the double-blinded dose-determination trial KARISMA, investigated tamoxifen-specific changes in breast tissue composition and histological markers in healthy women. We included 83 healthy women randomised to 6 months daily intake of 20, 10, 5, 2.5, 1 mg of tamoxifen or placebo. The groups were combined to “no dose” (0-1 mg), “low-dose” (2.5-5 mg) or “high-dose” (10-20 mg) of tamoxifen. Ultrasound-guided biopsies were collected before and after tamoxifen exposure. In each biopsy, epithelial, stromal and adipose tissues was quantified, and expression of epithelial and stromal Ki67, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) analysed. Mammographic density using STRATUS was measured at baseline and end-of-tamoxifen-exposure. We found that different doses of tamoxifen reduced mammographic density and glandular-epithelial area in premenopausal women and associated with reduced epithelium and increased adipose tissue. High-dose tamoxifen also decreased epithelial ER and PR expressions in premenopausal women. Premenopausal women with the greatest reduction in proliferation also had the greatest epithelial reduction. In postmenopausal women, high-dose tamoxifen decreased the epithelial area with no measurable density decrease. Tamoxifen at both low and high doses influences breast tissue composition and expression of histological markers in the normal breast. Our findings connect epithelial proliferation with tissue remodelling in premenopausal women and provide novel insights to understanding biological mechanisms of primary prevention with tamoxifen. 相似文献
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Jadwiga Najib Ekaterina Didenko Daria Meleshkina Kamila Yusupov Kateryna Maw Justin Ramnarain 《Current medical research and opinion》2020,36(10):1717-1735
Abstract
Objective
Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate is a stimulant prodrug with low abuse and diversion potential that is used in treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents and adults. This current literature review article aims to examine safety and efficacy of LDX in children and adolescents for the treatment of ADHD based on currently available data. 相似文献4.
Proton pump inhibitors are considered to be highly selective and effective drugs, which have few side effects. They are used in both adults and children (including infants) as well as in pregnant women. By increasing the gastric fluid pH, they impair the activation process and reduce the secretion of pepsin, secretin and pancreatic proteases, thereby impairing protein degradation. The remaining peptides are immunoreactive and lead to the development of an allergic response, while the increased permeability of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa may also induce sensitization. Observational studies conducted in patients with gastroenterological disorders, children with allergy diseases and experimental studies in animals have demonstrated that the use of anti-ulcer drugs favours sensitization to selected food allergens. 相似文献
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Background[18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) is widely used to monitor response to therapy in the clinic and has, more recently, been proposed as an early marker of long term response. This relies on the assumption that a change in glucose consumption parallels a reduction in viability and long term growth potential. However, cells may utilise substrates other than glucose and as many therapeutics interfere with glucose metabolism directly, it is entirely plausible that a positive [18F]FDG-PET response may be unrelated to long term growth. Furthermore, changes in metabolism and proliferation may take place on different temporal scales, thus restricting the time window in which [18F]FDG-PET is predictive. The PI3K oncogenic signalling pathway is a master regulator of multiple cellular processes including glucose metabolism, proliferation and cell survival. Inhibition of PI3K has been shown to reduce [18F]FDG uptake in several tumour types but the relative influence of this pathway on glucose metabolism and proliferation is not fully established.AimWe proposed to (i) assess the suitability of [18F]FDG as a tracer for measuring response to PI3K inhibition and (ii) determine the optimum imaging schedule, in vitro. We used multicellular tumour spheroids, an excellent 3D in vitro model of avascular tumours, to investigate the effects of the PI3K inhibitors, NVP-BKM120 and NVP-BEZ235, on [18F]FDG uptake and its relation to 3D growth.MethodsSpheroids were prepared from two cell lines with a constitutively active PI3K/Akt pathway, EMT6 (highly proliferative mouse mammary) and FaDu (moderately proliferate human nasopharyngeal). Treatment consisted of a 24 h exposure to either inhibitor, and growth was monitored over the following 7 days. To mimic potential imaging regimens with [18F]FDG-PET, average [18F]FDG uptake per viable cell was measured (a) directly following the 24 h exposure, (b) following an additional 24 h recovery period, or (c) following a 48 h exposure.ResultsGrowth was restricted significantly (p < 0.0001) in a dose-dependent fashion in spheroids from both cell lines treated with either inhibitor. In the highly proliferative cell line EMT6, [18F]FDG uptake was significantly reduced at all concentrations of inhibitor. For the moderately proliferative cell line FaDu, [18F]FDG was affected in a dose-dependent fashion, but to lesser degree. To assess the predictivity of [18F]FDG uptake for long term growth restriction, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated for each imaging regimen. These indicated that the optimal imaging schedules differed between cell lines.ConclusionThis study suggests that [18F]FDG may be a suitable marker of response to PI3K inhibition in the cell lines that we have studied. Our data support the hypothesis that imaging schedules should be optimised on a tumour type-specific basis. 相似文献
6.
Adam Antosik Kamila Czubak Arkadiusz Gajek Agnieszka Marczak Rafal Glowacki Kamila Borowczyk Halina Malgorzata Zbikowska 《Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie》2015,42(3):140-148
Background
To investigate the extent of oxidative damage and changes in morphology of manually isolated red blood cells (RBCs) from whole blood, cold stored (up to 20 days) in polystyrene tubes and subjected to pre-storage irradiation (50 Gy) and to compare the properties of SAGM-preserved RBCs stored under experimental conditions (polystyrene tubes) with RBCs from standard blood bag storage.Methods
The percentage of hemolysis as well as the extracellular activity of LDH, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Changes in the topology of RBC membrane, shape, and size were evaluated by flow cytometry and judged against microscopy images.Results
Irradiation caused significant LDH release as well as increased hemolysis and lipid peroxidation, GSH depletion, and reduction of TAC. Prolonged storage of irradiated RBCs resulted in phosphatidylserine exposure on the cell surface. By day 20, approximately 60% of RBCs displayed non-discoid shape. We did not notice significant differences in percentage of altered cells and cell volume between RBCs exposed to irradiation and those not exposed.Conclusion
Irradiation of RBC transfusion units with a dose of 50 Gy should be avoided. For research purposes such as studying the role of antioxidants, storage of small volumes of RBCs derived from the same donor would be more useful, cheaper, and blood-saving.Key Words: Red blood cell, Gamma irradiation, Storage, Oxygen-free radical, Flow cytometry 相似文献7.
Kamila Pires de Carvalho Mariana Tavares Miranda Lima Fernanda Silva Mazzutti Isis Danyelle Dias Custódio Paula Philbert Lajolo Canto Carlos Eduardo Paiva Yara Cristina de Paiva Maia 《Clinical breast cancer》2019,19(1):e208-e219
Purpose
To study the use of functional capacity (FC) level and duration of aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy with adiposity parameters in women with breast cancer.Patients and Methods
FC was evaluated through the Health Assessment Questionnaire, which was assessed by classification and divided into 3 groups: G1 = mild to moderate difficulty, G2 = moderate to severe disability, and G3 = severe or very severe disability. Body mass, height, and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to calculate body fat (BF) and fat-free mass. The women were divided into 2 time groups (T1 and T2), which were determined by the median months of AI use (T1 ≤ 29.5 and T2 > 29.5 months).Results
Impaired FC and adiposity parameters were significantly positively correlated. In addition, physical exercise was significantly lower in women assessed as G2 and G3 compared to those assessed as G1. The effect of FC on BMI, BF, and WC was also verified, as was the effect of the duration of AI receipt on BMI and BF. Women at T1 had significantly greater functional disability, BMI, and BF values. In addition, although not statistically significant, women in T1 who were assessed as G3 presented higher BMI, WC, and BF values than those in T2.Conclusion
Adiposity above the recommended parameters and impaired FC were associated with the shortest time of receipt of adjuvant endocrine therapy with AI. 相似文献8.
9.
Reproductive coercion,sexual risk behaviours and mental health symptoms among young low‐income behaviourally bisexual women: implications for nursing practice 下载免费PDF全文
Kamila A Alexander PhD MPH RN Ellen M Volpe PhD RN Sarah Abboud PhD RN Jacquelyn C Campbell PhD RN FAAN 《Journal of clinical nursing》2016,25(23-24):3533-3544